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Advanced Headwork
Flashcards Bontrager chapter 11
Question | Answer |
---|---|
True/False: The PA Axial projection of the mandible produces an elongated view of the condyloid processes | True |
Which projection of the mandible projects the opposite half of the mandible away from the side of interest? | Axiolateral Oblique |
What must be done to prevent the ramus of the mandible from being superimposted over the the cervical spine with an axiolateral oblique projection of the mandible? | Extend the chin |
What specific positioning error has been committed if both sides of the mandible are superimposed with an axiolateral oblique projection? | Insufficient cephalic angle or skull tilt |
Where should the CR exit for a PA Axial projection of the mandible? | Acanthion |
Which cranial positioning line is placed perpendicular to the IR for a PA or PA Axial projection of the mandible? | OML |
True/False: The CR should be angled 20*-25* caudad for the PA Axial projection of the mandible. | False- should be cephalad |
Which aspect of the mandible is best visualized with an Modified AP Axial (modified towne)? | Condyloid process |
What CR angle is required for the modified AP Axial projection of the mandible if the OML is placed perpendicular to the IR? | 35* Caudad |
What CR angle is required for the modified AP Axial projection of the mandible if the IOML is placed perpendicular to the IR? | 42* Caudad |
Where is the CR centered for an Modified AP Axial (modified towne) projection of the mandible? | Glabella |
Which projection of the mandible will demonstrate the entire mandible, including the coronoid and condyloid processes? | SMV |
True/False: The modified Law Method provides a bilateral and functional study of the TMJ | True |
True/False: The mandibular condyles move anteriorly as the mouth is opened | True |
Which projection/method of the TMJ requires the skull to be kept in a true lateral position? | Schuller method/Axiolateral projection |
The Schuller method for the TMJ requires a CR angle of ……………. | 20*-30* caudad (note: Lecture slide say 30*) |
The axiolateral oblique projection of the TMJ is commonly referred to as the……. | Modified Law method |
The modified Law method requires what degree of head rotation? And what degree of CR angle? | 15* head rotation from lateral AND 15* caudad CR angle |
What is the entrance AND exit point for the schuller method for the TMJ? | Enters ½ inch anterior and 2 inches superior to the upside EAM / Exits ½ inch anterior and 1 inch inferior to downside EAM |
What is the entrance point for the modified Law method for the TMJ? | Enters 1.5 inch superior to upside EAM |
Situation: A parieto-orbital oblique (Rhese) projection reveals that the optic foramen is located in the upper outer quadrant of the orbit. Is this an acceptable image for this projection? If not, what must be done to correct this problem? | No, increase extension of the extension of the head and neck. The AML should be placed perpendicular to the IR to ensure that the optic foramen is open and is projected into the lower outer quadrant of the orbit. |
Situation: A patient with a possible blowout fracture of the right orbit enters the ER. In addition to the basic facial routine, what single projection would best demonstrate this type of injury? | Modified parietoacanthial projection (modified waters method) |
Which fracture is non-displaced and resembles a thin line? | Linear Skull Fracture |
What is another name for a depressed skull fracture? | Ping-Pong Fracture |
With what modality is a depressed skull fracture most commonly diagnosed with? | CT |
What is a Basal Fracture? | Fracture at the base of the skull. Air fluid levels are evident within the sphenoid sinuses. |
What is an Osteolytic lesion? | A Subtractive pathology showing a dark spot on images. Causes include, metastasis, multiple myeloma and early stages of pagets disease. |
What is an Osteoblastic lesion? | A additive pathology, with a cotton wool appearance. Pagets disease is the most common cause. |
What fracture involves a fracture of one or more bones surrounding the eye? | Blow out fracture of orbits |
What is another name for a blow out fracture of the orbits? | Orbital floor fracture |
What is a Tripod fracture? | A set of 3 bone fractures where the zygoma is left “free floating” |
What is another name/s for a Tripod Fracture? | Zygomaticomaxillary Complex or Malar Fracture |
What is sinusitis? | Inflammation of the sinus mucosa where drainage from the cavities is trapped. I can be acute or chronic. |