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Unit 5
Radiation Protection
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the definition of diagnostic efficacy? | The degree to which the diagnostic study accurately shows the presence or absence of disease pg. 4 |
| What is the definition of background equivalent radiation time? | The method of comparing the amount of radiation received from a patient's x-ray to the natural background radiation received over a given period of time pg. 9 |
| What is the electromagnetic spectrum? | The full range of frequencies and wavelengths of electromagnetic waves pg. 9 |
| What is equivalent dose? | A radiation quantity used for radiation protection when a person receives exposure from various types of radiation pg. 12 |
| What is the largest contributor to background radiation? | Radon pg. 15 |
| What are the components of natural background radiation? | Terrestrial, Cosmic, and internal from radionuclides, radioactive atoms pg. 14 |
| What is a radionuclide? | An unstable nucleus that emits one or more forms of ionizing radiation to achieve greater stability pg. 17 |
| What is the definition of absorption? | The transference of electromagnetic energy to the atoms of a material pg. 31 |
| What is the absorbed dose? | The amount of energy absorbed per unit mass pg. 31 |
| Which type of scattering is responsible for most of the scattered radiation produced during procedures? | Compton scattering pg. 38 |
| What is photoelectric absorption? | An interaction between an x-ray photon and an inner-shell electron pg. 40 |
| What is photodisintegration? | An interaction that occurs above 10 MeV in high-energy radiation therapy pg. 48 |
| What is somatic damage? | Biologic damage caused by ionizing radiation pg. 53 |
| What is the definition of linear energy transfer? | The amount of energy transferred on average by incident radiation to an object per unit length of track pg. 63 |
| What is the definition of radiation weighting factor? | The factor chosen for the type and energy of the radiation in question pg. 64 |
| What is the tissue weighting factor? | A measure for the relative risk associated with irradiation of different body tissues pg. 65 |
| What is the collective effective dose? | This is used to describe radiation exposure of a population or group from low doses of different sources of radiation pg. 67 |
| What are the components of the cell? | Cell membrane, cytoplasm, Cytoplasmic organelles-(endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus or complex, mitochondria, lysosomes, ribosomes, centrosomes), and the nucleus pg. 100 and 101 |
| What is the radiation weighting factor? | This is used to calculate equivalent dose to determine the ability of a dose of ionizing radiation to cause biologic damage pg. 116 |
| What occurs in direct action? | Biologic damage occurs as a result of ionization of atoms on master, or key, molecules pg. 118 |
| What is indirect action? | The effects produced by reactive free radicals that are created by the interaction of radiation with water molecules pg. 118 |
| What can target theory be used to explain? | Cell death and nonfatal cell abnormalities pg. 128 |
| What does the term LD 50/30 signify? | The whole-body dose of radiation that can be lethal to 50% of the population within 30 days pg. 146 |
| What does the term linear nonthreshold curve imply? | The biologic response to ionizing radiation is directly proportional to the dose pg. 161 |
| What does the linear-quadratic nonthreshold curve associate with? | It estimates the risk associated with low-level radiation pg. 161 |
Created by:
cfdishon
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