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MCAT Physics Ch 5

QuestionAnswer
Coulomb SI unit of charge
Charge of Protons and Electrons e = 1.60 x 10^-19 C
Note About Protons And Electrons They have different masses
Attractive Forces Forces that opposite charges exert
Repulsive Forces Forces that like charges exert
Conducts Allow the free and uniform passage of electrons when charged
Insulators Resist the movement of charge and will have localized areas of charge that do not distribute over the surface of the material.
Coulomb's Law Gives the mag. of the electrostatic force between two charges. The force vector ALWAYS points along the line connecting the centers of the two charges.
Electric Field Generated by every stationary charge, which can exert forces on other charges
Electric Field (in depth) Ratio of the force exerted on a test charge to the mag. of the charge.
Field Lines Representation of electric field vectors which radiate outward from positive source charges and radiate inward to negative source charges
Note About Positive and Negative Test Charges And Field Lines Positive test charges will move in the direction of the field lines, while negative test charges will move in the direction opp. of the field lines.
Electrical Potential Energy Amount of work required to bring the test charge from indef. far away to a given position in the vicinity of a source charge.
Note about two like charges in an system The electrical potential energy will increase when these two like charges move towards each other, or when two opposite charges move further apart.
Note about two opp. charges in a system The electrical potential energy will decrease when two opp. charges move toward each other or when two like charges move further apart.
Electrical Potential Electrical potential energy per unit charge
Note about different points in the space of an electric field surrounding a source charge They will have different electrical potential values.
Voltage (potential difference) Change in electrical potential that accompanies the movement of a test charge from one position to another. This is path independent, and only depends on initial and final positions of the test charge.
Unit for Electrical Potential and Voltage Volts
Note About Test Charges They will move spontaneously in whatever direction results in a decrease in their electrical potential energy. ex: Pos. test charges move spon. from high potent. to low potent. ex: Neg. test charges from spon. from low potent. to high potent.
Equipotential Lines Designate the set of points around a source charge or multiple source charges that have the same electrical potential.
Note About Equipotential Lines and Electric Field Lines Equipotential lines are ALWAYS perpendicular to electric field lines.
Note About Work On DIFFERENT Equipotential Lines Work will be done when a charge is moved from one equipotential line to another. The work is independent of the pathway taken between the lines.
Second Note About Work The SAME Equipotential Lines Work will be done when a charge is moved from one point on an equipotential line to another point on the same equipotential line.
Electric Dipole Generated by two charges of opposite sign that is separated by a distance, d
Note About A Dipole In An External Electric Field An electric dipole experiences a net torque until it is aligned with the electric field vector.
Note About Electric Field And Translational Motion An electric field will not induce translational motion in the dipole regardless of its orientation with respect to the electric field vector.
Magnetic Fields Fields created by magnets and moving charges.
SI Unit For Magnetic Field Tesla (T: 1 T = 1000 gauss)
Diagmagnetic Materials Possess no unpaired electrons and are slightly repelled by a magnet.
Paramagnetic Materials Possess some unpaired electrons and become weakly magnetic in an external magnetic field.
Ferromagnetic Materials Possess some unpaired electrons and become strongly magnetic in an external magnetic field.
Notes About Poles For Magnets And Field Lines Magnetics have a north and south pole. Field lines point from the north to the south pole.
Note About Current-carrying Wires They create magnetic fields that are concentric circles that surround the wire.
Note About External Magnetic Fields They exert forces on charges moving in any direction except parallel or antiparallel to the field.
Note About Point Charges And A Uniform Magnetic Field Point charges can undergo circular motion in a uniform magnetic field.
Centripetal Force Magnetic force acting on a point charge.
Direction of Magnetic Force Determined using right-hand rule.
Lorentz Force Sum of the electrostatic and magnetic forces acting on a body.
Eq. 5.1: Coulomb's Law Fe = kq1*q2 / r^2.
Eq. 5.2: Electric Field E = Fe / q = kQ / r^2
Eq. 5.3: Electrical Potential Energy U = kQq / r
Eq. 5.4: Electrical Potential (From Electrical Potential Energy) V = U / q
Eq. 5.5: Electrical Potential (From Source Charge) V = kQ / r. For a positive source charge, V is positive. For a negative source charge, V is negative.
Eq. 5.6: Voltage Del. V = Vb - Va = Wab / q
Eq. 5.7: Electrical Potential Near A Dipole V = (kqd / r^2) * cos(angle)
Eq. 5.8: Dipole Movement p = qd. p is the point from the positive charge toward the negative charge.
Eq. 5.9: Electric Field On The Perpendicular Bisector Of A Dipole E = (1 / 4pi*E0) * (P/r^3)
Eq. 5.10: Torque On A Dipole In An Electric Field T = pE * sin(angle). E = magnitude of the uniform external electric field.
Eq. 5.11: Magnetic Field From A Straight Wire B = u0*I / 2pi*r. B = magnetic field at a distance, r, from the write. U0 is the permeability of free space: 4pi * 10^-7 T*m / A. I = current
Eq. 5.12 Magnetic Field From A Loop Of Wire B = u0I / 2r
Eq. 5.13 Magnetic Force On A Moving Point charge FB = qvB * sin(angle). q = charge, v = mag. of velocity, B = mag of magnetic field, angle = smallest angle between vector v and the magnetic field vector B.
Eq. 5.14 Magnetic Force On A Current-Carrying Wire FB = ILB * sin(angle). I = current, L = length of wire, B = mag of magnetic field, angle = angle between L and B.
Created by: SamB91
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