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RADT 465: Pat. Care
ARRT registry review covering patient care
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the 4 conditions for valid patient consent? | patient must be: of legal age, of sound and mind, give consent freely, be adequately informed of the procedure about to take place (Lang Prep p3) |
| What is the purpose of an advance health care directive/living will? | names individual authorized to make health care decisions for person, includes specifics regarding DNR, DNI and other life ending decisions and preserves the patients right to make decisions regarding their own health care (Lang Prep 5) |
| What is assault? | to threaten harm (Lang Prep 6) |
| What is battery? | the carrying out of the threat (Lang Prep 6) |
| What is tort? | a private/civil injustice; reparation can be sought; either intentional or unintentional (Lang Prep 6) |
| What is false imprisonment? | the illegal restriction of an individuals freedom; example, holding a person against his/her own will or using unauthorized restraints (Lang Prep 6) |
| What can a radiographer be found guilty of if he/she discloses confidential information to unauthorized individuals? | invasion of privacy (Lang Prep 7) |
| What four elements must be present for negligent tort liability? | duty (what should have been done), breach (deviation from duty), injury sustained, cause (as a result of breach) (Land Prep 7) |
| What does res ipsa loquitur mean? | "the thing speaks for itself" (Lang Prep 7) |
| What does respondeat superior mean? | "let the master speak" (Lang Prep 7) |
| What can a radiographer be accused of if he/she disclosed confidential information that in some way is detrimental to the patient? | defamation (Lang Prep 7) |
| What is spoken defamation? | slander (Lanf Prep 7) |
| What is written defamation? | libel (Lang Prep 7) |
| What are the 4 parts that the ARRT Standards of Ethics are composed of? | Preamble, Code of Ethics (aspirational), Rules of Ethics (enforceable), Administrative Procedures (Lang Prep 8) |
| Patient consent can be in what three forms? | verbal, written, implied (Lang Prep 20) |
| How must patients be identified? | checking wristband and requesting a second verification such as birth date (Lang Prep 20) |
| The following are examples of what; facial expression, touch, eye contact, appearance, preparation and efficiency and orderliness? | nonverbal communication (Lang Prep 20) |
| How can one reduce a patient's anxiety leading to an increased cooperation and a better examination? | thoroughly explain the procedure (Lang Prep 20) |
| What is the normal oral temperature for an adult? | 98.6 degrees F (Lang Prep 24) |
| What is the normal rectal temperature for an adult? | 99.1-99.6 degrees F (Lang Prep 24) |
| What is the normal Axillary temperature for an adult? | 97.6-98.1 degrees F (Lang Prep 24) |
| What is the normal body temperature for an infant to age 4 yrs? | 97.9-100.4 degrees F (Lang Prep 24) |
| What is the normal body temperature for a child aged 5-13 yrs? | 97.8-98.6 degrees F (Lang Prep 24) |
| Where is the radial pulse located? | wrist; base of thumb (Lang Prep 24) |
| Where is the carotid pulse located? | neck; just lateral to midline (Lang Prep 24) |
| Where is the temporal pulse located? | in front of upper ear (Lang Prep 24) |
| Where is the femoral pulse located? | inguinal region; groin (Lang Prep 24) |
| Where is the popliteal pulse located? | posterior knee (Lang Prep 24) |
| What is the term for when a patient has cool, pale skin | diaphoretic (Lang Prep 25) |
| What is frequently accompanied by hot, dry skin? | fever (Lang Prep 25) |
| What is the term for when a patient has blueish lips. mucous membranes or nail beds? | cyanotic (Lang Prep 25) |
| What is the normal resting pulse rate for men? | 68-75 (Lang Prep 25) |
| What is the normal resting pulse rate for women? | 72-80 (Lang Prep 25) |
| What is the normal resting pulse rate for children? | 70-100 (Lang Prep 25) |
| What is the normal resting pulse rate for infants? | 100-160 (Lang Prep 25) |
| What are three things that can affect blood pressure? | cardiac output, blood volume, vascular resistance (Lang Prep 25) |
| What is needed to take a blood pressure reading? | sphygmomanometer, stethoscope (Lang Prep 25) |
| What is the top number in a blood pressure measurement? | systolic (contraction) (highest #) (Lang Prep 25) |
| What is the bottom number in a blood pressure measurement? | diastolic (relaxation) (lowest #) (Lang Prep 25) |
| What is the normal adult respiratory rate? | 12-18 breaths per minute (Lang Prep 25) |
| What is the normal respiratory rate for children? | up to 30 breaths per minute (Lang Prep 25) |
| What is the normal systolic range for an adult? | 100-140mm Hg (Lang Prep 25) |
| What is the normal diastolic range for an adult? | 60-90mm Hg (Lang Prep 25) |
| What is abnormally shallow, slow breathing? | ologopnea (Lang Prep 25) |
| What is abnormally rapid breathing? | tachypnea (Lang Prep 25) |
| What is labored (ex: snoring) breathing? | stertorous (Lang Prep 25) |
| What is shrilled, grated sounded breathing? | uneven, spasmodic, strident (Lang Prep 25) |
| What is the act of respiration? | delivering oxygen to all the body cells and rid the body of carbon dioxide (Lang Prep 25) |
| What are good rules of body mechanics? | hold heavy objects close to body, keep back straight and avoid twisting, bend at knees when lifting, push or roll rather than lift or pull (Lang Prep 26) |
| Patients that are able to walk and not be confined to a bed are referred to as what? | ambulatory (Lang Prep 26) |
| How do you position a patient with a weak side? | Place the patients stronger side next to the xray table, radiographer should assist with weak side (Lang Prep 26) |
| If a patient has an injury and needs to get undressed, how do you go about this? | Clothing should be removed from the uninjured side first and placed on the injured side first when getting dressed (Lang Prep 28) |
| At what level do IV bags need to be placed? | 18-24 inches above level of the vein (Lang Prep 28) |
| What are living organisms too small to be seen with the naked eye? | microorganisms (Lang Prep 35) |
| What is antisepsis? | a practice that retards the growth of pathogenic microorganisms (Lang Prep 35) |
| What refers to the destruction of pathogenic microorganisms? | medical asepsis (Lang Prep 35) |
| What refers to the removal of all microorganisms and their spores (reproductive cells)? | surgical asepsis (Lang Prep 35) |
| What is the most important precaution in the practice of aseptic technique? | proper hand washing (Lang Prep 36) |
| What does proper hand washing consist of? | 15 seconds with soap and running water before and after each patient (Lang Prep 36) |
| What are causative agents (microorganisms capable of producing disease)? | pathogens (Lang Prep 36) |
| What are common bloodborne pathogens? | Hep C, HBV and HIV (Lang Prep 36) |
| Any environment where pathogens can survive and reproduce and pose a risk of transmission to a susceptible host | reservoir (Lang Prep 36) |
| What are health care-acquired infections? | nosocomical infections (Lang Prep 36) |
| What are the three main modes of transmission? | droplet, airborne, and contact (Lang Prep 38) |
| What is a contaminated inanimate object that provides transmission via indirect contract? | fomite (Lang Prep 38) |
| What is an insect or animal carrier of infectious organisms? | vector (Lang Prep 38) |
| Anything that transmits infectious microorganisms | vehicle (Lang Prep 38) |
| What is the most common health care-acquired infection? | urinary tract infection (Lang Prep 38) |
| TB, rubeola and varicella require what type of precaution? | airborne precautions (Lang Prep 38) |
| Rubella, mumps and influenza require what type of precaution? | Droplet (Lang Prep 38) |
| MRSA, Hep A and varicella require what type of precaution? | Contact (Lang Prep 38) |
| What measurements do obtaining vitals involve? | body temp, pulse rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate (Lang Prep 51) |
| What signified infection? | increased body temp or fever (Lang Prep 52) |
| What is blood pressure that consistently is above 140/90? | hypertension (Lang Prep 52) |
| What is the average normal adult pulse rate? | 60-100 (Lang Prep 52) |
| What is abnormally slow pulse rate? | bradycardia (Lang Prep 53) |
| What is abnormally fast pulse rate? | tachycardia (Lang Prep 53) |
| Who normally have higher pulse rates? | children and elderly (Lang Prep 53) |
| What occurs when some individuals rise quickly from a recumbent position? | orthostatic hypertension (Lang Prep 53) |
| What is hypotension? | when systolic pressure is less than 90 mm hg (Lang Prep 53) |
| What is blood pressure affected by? | cardiac output, blood volume, vascular resistance (Lang Prep 53) |
| What identifies the diamter of the needle? | gauge (Lang Prep 55) |
| What size gauge has a smaller bore diameter? | larger gauge (Lang Prep 55) |
| What size gauge has a smaller bore diameter? | smaller gauge (Lang Prep 55) |
| What is the part of the needle attached to the syringe or IV tube? | hub (Lang Prep 55) |
| What needles are used for phlebotomy? | hypodermic (Lang Prep 55) |
| What needs are used more frequently for injections? | butterfly and IV catheters (Lang Prep 55) |
| What is preferred for an IV infusion? | IV catheter (Lang Prep 55) |
| What consists of a venous catheter established for a certain length of time to make a vein available for medications that have to be administered at frequent intervals? | heparin lock (Lang Prep 55) |
| How high should an IV bag be hung? | 18-24 inches above the level of the vein (Lang Prep 55) |
| What refers to medication or contrast medium that has leaked from a vein into adjacent tissues? | extravasation (Lang Prep 56) |
| What refers to the diffusion of the injected materail further into adjacent tissues? | infiltration (Lang Prep 56) |
| What vein is the most commonly used verin for venipuncture? | antecubital (Lang Prep 56) |
| When sticking, what degree angle should the needle be inserted into the vein? | 15 degrees (Lang Prep 56) |
| What medical equipment could contain latex? | gloves, tournequets, blood pressure cuffs, syringes, pads, tubing, stethoscopes, enema tips, oral/nasal airways, catheters, drains, ports (Lang Prep 58) |
| What does parenteral refer to? | Any route other than the digestive tract and includes topical, subcutaneous, intradermal, intramuscular, intravenous and intrathecal (Lang Prep 61) |
| What is the purpose of a contrast medium? | to artifically increase subjust contrast in body tissues adn areas where there is little natural subject contrast (Lang Prep 61) |
| What are examples of positive contrast media? | iodinated agents (water and oil based) and barium sulfate suspensions (Lang Prep 61) |
| What are examples of negative contrast media? | air and various gases (Lang Prep 61) |
| What type of contrast appears radiopaque? | positive (Lang Prep 61) |
| What type of contrast appears readiolucent? | negative (Lang Prep 61) |
| Sequence the following Contrasted exams? BE, GI, IVU, GB | IVU, GB, BE, GI (Lang Prep 61) |
| Which of the following contrasted exams can be combined? | GB/IVU, IVU/BE, GB/GI (Lang Prep 61) |
| What patient prep is needed for a GB study? | iodinated contrast evening before exam, water only in AM (Lang Prep 62) |
| What patient prep is needed for a UGI? | NPO after midnight (Lang Prep 62) |
| What patient prep is needed for a BE? | cathertics, cleansing enemas (Lang Prep 62) |
| What patient prep is needed for a IVU? | NPO after midnight, cleansing enemas, empty bladder before scout film (Lang Prep 62) |
| When is bariu,sulfate contraindicated? | when there is possible perforation along the GI tract (Lang Prep 62) |
| What is a reaction that is life-threatening? | anaphylaxis (Lang Prep 64) |
| What are some symptoms of a mild alergic reaction? | flushed appearance, nausea, metallic taste, congestion, few hives, vomiting (Lang Prep 65) |
| What does urticaia mean? | hives (Lang Prep 65) |
| When given IV iodinated contrast agents to a diabetic patient on metformin, what is recommended? | withhold for 48 hours following the exam (Lang Prep 65) |
| What is an emergency defined as? | a sudden change in a patients condition requiring immediate medical intervention (Lang Prep 66) |
| What is the sensation of having objects or the room spinning about the person? | objective vertigo (Lang Prep 67) |
| What is the sensation of the person spinning about? | subjective vertigo (Lang Prep 67) |
| What are involuntary muscular contractions and relaxations? | convulsions (Lang Prep 68) |
| What is sudden cessation of productive ventilation and circulation? | cardiopulmonary arrest (Lang Prep 69) |
| What is the absense of chest movement and breathing sounds? | respiratory arrest (Lang Prep 69) |
| What is the absence of pulse and respiration with LOC? | cardiopulmonary arrest (Lang Prep 69) |
| What is a cerebrovascular accident/interference with blood supplied to the brain as as result of occlusion or rupture | stroke (Lang Prep 69) |
| What is a TIA? | condition results from a partial vessel occlusion, the interference is usally mild and temporary (Lang Prep 69) |
Created by:
haleygesselman
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