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TREMATODES
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| WHAT ISTHE MOST CHARACTERISTIC EXTERNAL FEATURE OF FLUKES | TWO SUCKERS -ONE ORAL AND ONE VENTRAL FOR ATTACHMENT |
| WHAT ARE OTHER FEATURES OF CESTODES ? | THEY ARE ALL EXCEPT SCHISTOSOMES DIOECIOUS ; LACK A BODY CAVITY . ALIMENTRAY CANAL IS PRESENT BUT INCOMPLETE . CONSISTS OF MOUTH WITH ORAL SUCKER . ANUS IS ABSENT . EXCRETORY SYSTEM CONTAINS FLAME CELLS AND CONTAINS COLLECTING TUBULES . OVIPAROUS |
| HOW ARE TREMATODES CLASSIFIED ? | BASED ON HABITAT INTO SCHISTOSOMATOIDEA , PARAMPHISTOMATOIDEA , ECHINOSTOMATOIDEA , OPISTHORCHOIDEA , PLAGIORCHOIDEA |
| SCHISTOSOMES | DERIVED FROM APPEARANCE OF MALE BODY WHICH HAS A LONGITUDINAL CANAL AS A RECEPTACLE FOR FEMALE DURING COPULATION |
| LIFE CYCLE OF SCHISTOSOMES | THROUGH CIRCULTN ADULT WORMS INHABIT MESENTERIC VEINS . THE FEMALE INSIDE THE MALE GYNAECOPHORIC CANAL LAYS EGGS AND WITHDARWS A DIST IN THE VEIN . EGGS MOVE TO URINARY BLADDER MUCOSA AND ILEO CAECAL REGION . PASSED THROUGH FAECECS AND URINE . |
| LIFE CYCLE 2 OF SCHISTOSOMES | FRESHWATER - THEY HATCH INTO FREE SWIMMING LARVAE (MIRACIDIA) WHICH SEARCH FOR SNAILS . PENTRATE SOFT TISSUES AND THEN ENTER LIVER . THEY LOSE CILIA , AND PASS THORUGH 1ST AND 2ND GEN SPOROCYSTS , THEN CERCARIAE LEAVE RELEASED IN WATER - PENETRATE SKIN |
| PATHOGENICITY KATYAMA FEVER | DERMATITIS ; IN LUNGS COUGH AFTER MONTH , ACUTE SCHISTOSOMIASIS - FEVER , SPLENOMGE, EOSINOPHILIA , DYSENTERY . EGGS ELICIT GRANULOMA , PORTAL HYPERTENSION , RECURRENT ULCERS OF THE BLADDER , UTIS , INCREASED PROLIFERATION OF TISSUES ACROSS THE BLADDER |
| LAB DX OF SCHISTOSOMES | OVA IN STOOL AND URINE ; BIOPSY , ELISA , RIA |
| TREATMENT OF SCHISTOSOMES | PRAZIQUANTEL |
| PADDY FIELD DERMATITIS | CERCARIAE OF SCHISTOSOMA ; DERMATITIS AFFECTING FARMERS ; IT IS CONTROLLED BY CONTROL OVER SNAILS , MOLLUSCICIDES ARE USED FOR THIS |
| OTHER ORGANISMS OF SHICTOSOSMA | MEKONGI AND INTERCALATUM |
| FASCIOLA HEPATICA | BILIARY PASSAGE OF LIVER OF SHEEP , GOAT AND CATTLE |
| MORPH OF FASCIOLA HEPATICA | LARGE LEAF SHAPED FLUKE , BILAT SYMM , ANT END DISTINCT CONICAL PROJECTION , POST END BROADLY POINTED |
| HOSTS OF F HEPATICA | SHEEP , GOAT , CATTLE RESERVOIR HOSTS ; SNAIL , WATERCRESS INTERMEDIATE HOSTS ; DEFINITIVE HOSTS ARE THE RESERVOIRS AND MAN |
| LIFECYCLE - DEFINITIVE HOSTS | WATERCRESS EATEN . EXCYSTATION OF THE METACERCARIAE IN DUODENUM , OENETRATE INTO PERITONEUM AND INTO LIVER , ADULT WORMS IN BILIARY PASSAGES OF LIVER . EGGS LAID PASS OUT IN FAECES AND INTO WATER ; MIRACIDIUM BURROWS INTO FLESH OF SNAIL |
| LIFECYCLE - INTERMEDIATE HOST OF FASCIOLA | IN THE SNAIL , SPPOROCYST , 1ST REDIAE , 2ND REDIAE CERCAIRIAE , ENETR WATER INTO WATERCRESS .ENCYST AS METACERCARIAE |
| PATHOGENICITY OF FASCIOLA | NECROTIC LESIONS IN LIVER PARENCHYMA WITH EOSINOPHILS . WITH FEVER , JAUNDICE , HEPATOSPLENOMEGALY , ASCITES AND URTICARIA . SOMETIMES , CHOLECYSTITIS , CHOLANGITIS AND CHOLELITHIASIS |
| LAB DX | DETECTION OF EGGS IN STOOL OR BILE , EOSINOPHILIA , ELISA |
| TREATMENT | NOT PRAZIQUANTEL ; DEHYDROEMETINE |
| OTHER FASCIOLA ORGANISMS | FASCIOLA GIGANTICA , BUSKI , CLONORCHIS SINENSIS |
| FASCIOLA BUSKI | SIMILAR TO F HEPATICA , BUT CAUSES MORE SYMPOTMS , DUE TO ABSORPTION OF METABOLITES INTO THE SYSTEM . PT CAN DIE OF TOXEMIA |
| CLONORCHIS SINENSIS | CHINESE LIVER FLUKE , INFLAMMATORY REACTIONS IN THE BILE |
| PARAGONIMUS WESTERMANI | ORIENTAL LUNG FLUKE |
| GASTRODISCOIDES HOMINIS | DIARRHOEA |
Created by:
manjari
Popular Bacteriology sets