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Biochemistryy
Biochemistry
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Acid | any substance that forms hydrogen ions in water and has a pHbelow 7 |
| Atom | smallest particle of the element |
| Base | any substance that forms hydroxide ions in water and has a pH above 7 |
| Comnpound | substance composed of atoms of two or more different elements that are chemically combined |
| Covalent bond | chemical bond formed when two atoms share electrons |
| Element | substance taht cant be broken down into simpler chemical substances |
| Ion | atom or group of atoms that gain or lose electrons |
| Ionic bond | chemical bond formed by the attractive forces between two ions of opposite charge |
| Isotope | atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons in the nucleus |
| Metabolism | all of the chemical reactions that occur within an organism |
| Mixture | combination of substances in which individual components retain their own properties |
| Molecule | groups of atoms held together by covalent bonds |
| Nucleus | positively charged center of an atom composed of neutrons and positively charger protons, and surrounded by negatively charged electrons |
| pH | measure of how acidic or basic a solution is |
| Solution | mixture in which one or more substances are distributed evenly in another substance |
| Diffusion | random movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration |
| Dynamic equilibrium | result of diffusion where there is continous movement of particles but no overall change in concentration |
| Hydrogen bond | weak chemical bond formed by the attraction of positivley charged hydrogen atoms to other negatively charged atoms |
| Polar molecule | molecule with an unequal distribution of charge, resulting in the molecule having a positive end and a negative end |
| Amino acid | basic building blocks of protein molecules |
| Carbohyrdrate | organic compound used by cells to store and release energy |
| Enzyme | type of protein found in all living things that changes the rate of chemical reactions |
| Isomer | compounds with the same simple formula but different three-dimensional structures resulting in different physical and chemical properties |
| Lipid | large organic compounds made mostly of carbon and hydrogen with a small amount of oxygen |
| Nucleic acid | complex biomolecules, that store cellular information in cells in the form of a code |
| Nucleotide | subunits of nucleic acid formed from a simple sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base |
| Peptide bond | colavent bond formed between amino acids |
| Polymer | large molecule formed when many smaller molecules bond together |
| Protein | large, complex polymer essential to all life composed of carbon,hydrogen,oxygen, nitrogen, and sometimes sulfur |
Created by:
LoganGolding
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