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nervous system
pathology
Question | Answer |
---|---|
- an acute inflammation of the pia mater and arachnoid layers | meningitis |
- a viral infection of the brain and meninges caused by the herpes simplex virus | encephalitis |
What usually results of chronic infections of the sinuses, middle ear, mastoids or systemic infections? | brain abscess |
What is the most common cause of a subdural empyema? | is the spread of infection from frontal or ethmoid sinuses |
What is the most common primary malignant brain tumor? | glioma |
What is the most common type of glioma? | astrocytoma |
- benign tumors that arise from arachnoid lining cells and are attached to the dura | meningiomas |
- slow growing, benign tumor that occurs on the eighth cranial nerve | acoustic neuroma |
- cause enlargement of the sella turcica and erosion of the dorsum sellae | pituitary adenomas |
What are the most common malignancies that metastasize to the brain? | lung and breast |
What causes epidural hematomas caused by? | arterial bleeding in the cranium |
What causes subdural hematomas? | venous bleeding in the cranium |
What kind of fractures are the most common facial bone fractures? | nasal bone |
- when the zygoma is separated from the other facial bones | tripod fracture |
Which projection is useful in demonstrating fractures of the zygomatic arches? | submentalvertical projection |
What causes a blow-out fracture? | direct blow to the orbit |
bilateral and horizontal fractures of the maxillae are called? | LeFort fracture |
- sudden and dramatic development of a focal neurologic deficit | stroke |
-paralysis on one side of the body can be a symptom of a stroke, called... | hemiplegia |
- focal neurologic defects that completely resolve within 24 hrs | transient ischemic attacks ( TIA ) |
What is a major cause of subarachnoid hemorrhage? | rupture of a berry aneurysm |
What is the most common cause of nontraumatic intraparenchymal hemorrhage in patients under the age of 20? | arteriovenous malformations (AVM) |
- a condition in which brain impulses are distrurbed and causes symptoms ranging from loss of consciousness to violent seizures | epilepsy |
- a degenerative neurologic disease that causes widespread selective atrophy and loss of motor nerves that eventually leads to paralysis and death | amyotrophic lateral sclerosis |