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Grade 7 Ch 2 Viruses
Ch 2 Viruses and Bacteria
Question | Answer |
---|---|
virus | a small, nonliving particle that invades and then reproduces inside a living cell |
host | a living thing the provides a source of energy for a virus or organism |
parasite | organism that live on or in a host and cause harm to the host |
bacteriophage | a virus that infects bacteria |
nanometer | one billionth of a meter |
gene therapy | using a virus as a messenger service to deliver genetic material to a cell that needs it |
prokaryotes | cells whose genetic material is not in a nucleus |
cytoplasm | a gel-like material in a cell |
ribosomes | chemical factories where proteins are produced |
flagellum | a long whip-like structure that extends out through the cell membrane and cell wall; used for movement |
binary fission | a process in which one cell divides to form two identical cells |
asexual reproduction | one parent reproduces to produce offspring that are identical to the parent |
sexual reproduction | two parents combine their genetic material to produce a new organism which differs from both parents |
conjugation | one bacterium transfers some of its genetic material to another bacteria through a threadlike bridge that joins the two cells |
respiration | the process of breaking down food to release its energy |
endospore | a small, rounded, thick-walled resting cell that forms inside a bacterial cell |
decomposers | organisms that break down large chemicals in dead organisms into small chemicals |
infectious diseases | illnesses that pass from one organism to another |
direct contact | touching, hugging, kissing another person |
indirect contact | inhaling the tiny drops of moisture that a person sneezes or coughs into the air |
contaminated object | eating utensils, food or water that have been used by an infected person |
toxin | a poisonous substance |
antibiotics | medications that can kill bacteria |