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OTA 230- Exam I

Therapeutic Skills III-Aging and Func. Assesments

Three most common causes of death in elderly Heart Disease (31%), Cancer (20%), Stroke
Ageism An attidtude that discriminates, separates, stigmatizes or otherwise disadvantages older adults on the basis of chronological age
Factors influencing aging genetics, physical environment, nutrition,medical care, stress, physical exercise, activity in general.
Cardiovascular changes in seniors Fatty tissues and fibers build up in heart interfering with impulse conduction and muscle contraction, loss of cardiac muscle cells, heart valves thicken and become less flexible, arteriosclerosis, artherosclerosis, decreasing amount of oxygen to heart.
Orthostatic Hypertension in elders is caused by? Baroceptors becoming less sensitive, causing slower adjustment to sit/stand and lay down/sit
Osteoporosis caused by loss of calcium and bone mass, can lead to fractures
Fractures in vertebrae result in decrease in height and kyphosis
Change in Skeletal muscle mass in elderly declines due to atrophy and decrease of muscle fibers. loss of muscle and subcutaneous tissue increase risk of skin breakdown
Decreased coordination, balance, strength and endurance leads to gait disorders and falls.
Respiratory changes in elderly reduced elasticity in tissues, rib cartilage calcifies, muscles atrophy that move the ribs, decreased expansion increases risk of pneumonia.
Visual changes in elderly decreased adaption to light, glaucoma, yellowed lens affecting night vision and color, cataracts, Presbyopia affecting ability to read and inspect skin, vascular change may affect the retina, decreased peripheral, increased glare, macular degeneration.
Legal Blindness acuity less then 20/200 in best eye, or visual field less then 20 degrees
Partially sighted acuity of 20/70 or better in best eye or visual field less then 30 degrees.
Functionally Visually impaired acuity 20/50, ADL affected
Presbycusis degenerative changes in nerve cells of the ear
Skin changes in elders more likely to bruise, lacerate and deccubti, decreased sweat glands make it harder to regulate temp, slow to heal
Memory in elders In general does not decline with age for immediate recall and long term. May decrease short term, especially if pathology present.
Orientation in elders Usually remains intact, sometimes forget exact date
Attention in elders no change in sustained attention(vigilance), some decline in divided attention, alternating attention, and selective attention (ability to filter)
Problem Solving and learning in elders Mild or no change when drawing on previous experience, significant changes on solving new problems, and may require more effort to learn new skills.
Five stressors associated with aging illness, loss of loved ones, moving, retirement, loneliness, depression, reality of own death
FIM (Functional Independence measure) Observation of ADL activities assessed on a scale of 7
FIM 7 Complete Independance
FIM 6 Modified Independence (extra time, devices)
FIM 5 Supervision (cuing, coaxing, prompting)
FIM 4 Minimal Assist (performs 75% or more of task)
FIM 3 Moderate Assist (performs 50%-74% of task)
FIM 2 Maximal Assist (performs 25% to 49% of task)
FIM 1 Total Assist (performs less than 25% of task)
COPM Canadian Occupational Performance Measure Assesses an individual’s perceived occupational performance in the areas of self-care, productivity and leisure, - Semi Structure Interview
DASH Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand Questionnaire
BARTHEL Assesses the ability of an individual with a neuromuscular or musculoskeletal disorder to care for him/herself, ADL. Self Report or Observation
Katz ADL Assessment, 1 for independent 0 for dependent, observation.
Created by: kokokachoo
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