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Chapter 6 LR

Radiographic Tube and Radiation Production

QuestionAnswer
Cathode (-) The electrode or terminal by which current leaves an electrolytic cell (battery)
Anode (+) The electrode or terminal by which current enters an electrolytic cell (battery)
Strator A portion of a machine that remains fixed with respect to rotating parts.
The Cathode assembly consists of.... Filament, Focusing Cup and associated wiring.
Filamnet a very fine thread or fiber.
Vaporize turns into gas.
Thoriated Tungsten, Rhenium and Molybdenium are materials used as Filament because.... of their high melting point.
Purpose of the Filament is... to provide sufficient resistance to the flow of electrons so the heat produced will cause Thermionic Emission.
This controls the quantity of electrons emitted. The temperature of the filament.
The useful life of a diagnostic x-ray tube filament will last about... 10,000 to 20,000 exposures.
The Anode assembly consists of.... Anode, Stator and the Rotor.
The Anode has 3 functions... Serves as a target, conducts high-voltage and is the Primary thermal conductor.
Electrons flow from... negative (-) Cathode toward the (+) Anode side of the tube.
Focal spot.... The part of the anode on which the electron stream impacts.
The size of the effective focal spot is based on .... The angle of the target and the size of the filament.
Heel Effect When too small of an angle causes an unacceptable reduction in x-ray output toward the anode side of the x-ray beam.
Focusing Cup is used to direct the flow of electrons.
kilovoltage (kV) How the force applied to move the electrons in thousands of Volts.
Potential Difference Electrons flowing from (-) negative Cathode to (+) Anode.
Milliamperege (mA) The electron stream that flows between the cathode (-) and anode (+) makes up x-ray tube current.
Tungsten is used as a filament material due to... high melting point of 3,370 degrees C and atomic number (z) of 74 (z = 74).
The ability of the target material to withstand heat affects both... the quantity (mAs) and the quality (kVp) of the x-ray energy.
Increasing the mAs will directly increase the quantity of electrons which in turn causes... an increase in blackness on radiographic film.
Increasing the kVp will results in.... increased penetration (creating shorter wavelengths in x-ray w/ greater efficiency of x-ray penetration.
Radiant Energy When electrons are flowing at high rate of speed are decelerated or stopped suddenly at the anode & interact w/ the atoms at the target material.
2 types of Target Interactions Bremsstrahlung & Characteristics interactions.
Bremsstrahlung The energy that is lost when the electron slows down is emitted as an x-ray film.
Characteristic occurs only when the incoming electron interacts w/ and inner-shell electron. aka-Secondary Radiation.
Leakage Radiation any x-ray photons that escape from the housing except at the window or port.
The amount of leakage radiation produced cannot exceed... 100mR/hra/meter
Collimator sets of lead shutters mounted at right angles to one another limiting the area being radiated.
Scatter Radiation occurs when... x-rays interact w/ matter & a change in their direction results.
Remnant Radiation The useful radiation consisting of both primary & secondary radiation.
Purpose of the Tube Rating Charts to extend the life of an x-ray tube & ensure the tube can withstand the heat created by the workload.
At any given time an x-ray tube should never exceed this many multiple exposures in a given setting. 20
X-ray tube heat capacity is measured in... HU- Heat Units
How to calculate x-ray tube heat...HU kVp x S x mA =
Created by: 1304311450
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