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Rad Pathology Ch 4
Skeletal System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| When a vertebra has the characteristic of more than one major subdivision of the spine: | Transitional Vertebra |
| Spina Bifida with meningeal protrusions, herniation of the meninges in the lumbar or cervical spines | Meningocele |
| A rare hereditary bone dysplasia involving the bone resorption mechanism of calcified cartilage. | Osteopetrosis |
| An inherited disorder of connective tissue characterized by multiple fractures and bone abnormalities: | Osteogenesis Imperfecta |
| Another name for Osteogenesis Imperfecta: | Brittle Bone Disease |
| Most common form of dwarfism that results from diminished proliferation of cartilage in the growth place (Enchondral bone formation) | Achondroplasia |
| This begins as an inflammation of the synovial membrane causing synovial proliferation: | Rheumatoid Arthritis |
| What is the prevalence of Rheumatoid Arthritis? | Women affected 3 times more than men & onset is 40 years old |
| A chronic systemic disease of unknown cause: | Rheumatoid Arthritis |
| The most common form of degenerative arthritis that has osteophyte development: | Osteoarthritis |
| Define Osteophyte: | Bony outgrowth (bone spur) |
| The result of a pyogenic organism entering the joint through the blood, direct extension, or trauma: | Infectious Arthritis |
| This begins as an abscess of the bone where pus produced by acute inflammation spreads down the medullary cavity and outward to the surface: | Osteomyelytis |
| How can Osteomyelytis be seen? | When the infection reaches the outer margin of the bone it raises the periosteum of the bone and can spread considerably. |
| This is caused by accelerated bone resorption and will cause a loss of bone density: | Osteoporosis |
| The breakdown of bone by osteoclasts: | Bone Resorption |
| What are the most common causes of Osteomyelytis? | Staphylococcus and Streptococcus |
| The insufficient mineralization of the adult skeleton appearing as a loss of bone density: | Osteomalacia |
| How will Osteomalacia appear? | The body weight on weight-bearing long bones may bend or bow as a result of softened bone. |
| Blood levels with increased uric acid leading to deposits of crystals in the joints, cartilage and kidney: | Gout |
| What is the beginning phase of Paget's Disease? | Involves Bone Destruction |
| A proliferation (too much) of fibrous tissue in the medullary cavity. | Fibrous Dysplasia |
| When does Fibrous Dysplasia normally begin? | During childhood |
| This results from a loss of blood supply where a pattern of lytic and sclerotic new bone growth appears with a flattening of the femoral head associated with periosteal new bone. | Ischemic Necrosis |
| The appearance of this is expansible, eccentric cyst like lesions that causes marked ballooning of the thinned cortex and having internal septations. | Aneurismal Bone Cyst |
| A classic sunburst pattern of bony spicules that extend in a radiating fashion: | Osteogenic Sarcoma |
| Primary malignant tumors arising from the bone marrow of long bones in children and young adults usually causing localized pain: | Ewing Sarcoma |
| Classic radiographic appearance of multiple punched-out osteolytic lesions scattered throughout the skeletal system: | Multiple Myeloma |
| What specifically will multiple myeloma look like? | Swiss cheese |
| What does an incomplete fracture look like? | A crack in the bone that does not go all the way through. |
| What does a transverse fracture look like? | A break in the bone that goes all the way across perpendicular to the bone. |
| What does an oblique fracture resemble? | A straight diagonal fracture through the bone |
| What does a spiral fracture resemble? | A fracture that curves around the length of the bone. |
| What does a comminuted fracture resemble? | Complete spidery fractures |
| What does an avulsion fracture resemble? | A break at the end of the bone where a piece of the bone is broken off at the articulating end. |
| What does a butterfly fracture resemble? | A triangular part of the bone is broken out. (Butterfly wing) |
| What does a segmental break resemble? | Just like it sounds (sort of looks like bone shortening) |
| What does a Greenstick fracture resemble? | A break along the bending portion of a bone |
| What does a Torus fracture resemble? | Doesn't resemble a fracture at all, it looks like a bulging of the bone on both sides. |
| Posterior displacement of the distal fragment of the radius usually caused by falling on an outstretched hand. | Colle's Fracture |
| A fracture of the bone due to a weakened bone caused by a tumor or infection is known as a ______________ _________. | Pathologic Fracture |
| This is healing of fracture fragments in faulty or poor position and usually leads to impairment of normal function: | Malunion |
| What is another term for "Battered Child Syndrome"? | Suspected Nonaccidental Trauma |
| Forward displacement of one vertebra over another resulting in back pain: | Spondylolisthesis |
| What causes Spondylolisthesis? | A cleft in the pars interarticularis |
| What is the defect that occurs with Achondroplasia? | As it's stated means diminished formation of cartilage but it's actually that cartilage is not being converted to bone properly especially in the long bones. |
| Meningocele occurs in what portion of the spine? | Cervical or lumbar |
| (abnormal increase in bone density) | Osteopetrosis |
Created by:
foster1317
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