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earthqua
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Earthquake | A vibration in the earth caused by a brust of energy. |
| Fault | A line or crack in the earth that can cause earthquakes. |
| Seismologist | A scientist who studies earthquakes |
| Crust | Earth's outerlayer. |
| Mantel | The layer of earth beneath the crust. |
| Lithosphere | The cool soilid outter layer of the earth. |
| Lithospheric plates | Pices of earth's fractured crust. |
| Pwave | A type of semic wave that compresses an expands the ground. |
| Swave | A type of sesmic wave that moves the ground up and down or side to side. |
| Surface waves | A type sesmic wave that formes when Pwaves and Swaves reach the earth's surface. |
| Sismec wave | Vibrations that travel through earth carring the energy during an earthquake. |
| Manitude | The measurement of an earthquake's stregth based on semic waves and movement along faults. |
| Richter Scale | A scale that rates an earthquake's magnitude based on the size of its sesmic waves. |
| Mercalli scale | A scale that rates earthquakes according to thier intensity and how much damage they cause ina peticular place. |
| Movement- Magnitude scale | A scale that rates earthquakes by estimating the total energy released by an earthquke. |
| liquefaction | the act or process of liquefying or making liquid. |
| Aftershock | a small earthquake or tremor that follows a major earthquake. |
| tsunami | large sea wave produced by a sea quake or undersea volcanic eruption. |
| Base Isolated Building | A building mounted on bearings designed to absorb the energy of an earthquake |
| Tension | Stress that stretches rock so that it becomes thinner in the middle |
| Compression | Stress that squeezes rock until it folds or breaks |
| Shearing | stress that pushes masses of rock in opposite direction in a sideways movement |
| Strike-Slip Fault | A type of fault where rocks on earthier side move past each other sideways with little up-or-down motion |
| Normal Fault | A type of fault where the hanging wall slides down word; caused by tension in the crust |
| Reverse fault | A type of fault where the hanging wall slides up ward; caused by compression in the earth |
| Plateau | A land form that has high elevation and a more or less surface |
| Magma | Molten rock |
| Lava | Molten rock from a volcano |
| Viscosity | The property of a fluid that resists the force tending to cause the fluid to flow. |
| Silica | occurring especially as quartz sand, flint, and agate |
| Pahoehoe | basaltic lava having a smooth or billowy surface. |
| Aa | basaltic lava having a rough surface. |
| Volcanic ash | The ash that comes out of a volcanic eruption. |
| Crater | the cup-shaped depression or cavity on the surface of the earth or other heavenly body marking the orifice of a volcano. |
| Vent | an opening at the earth's surface from which volcanic material, as lava, steam, or gas, is emitted. |
| Cinders | any residue of combustion; ashes |
| bombs | a rough spherical or ellipsoidal mass of lava, ejected from a volcano and hardened while falling. |
| Valcano | a vent in the earth's crust through which lava, steam, ashes, etc., are expelled, either continuously or at irregular intervals. |
| Pyrolastic flow | fragments of volcanic origin, as agglomerate, tuff, and certain other rocks; volcaniclastic. |
| Hot springs | a thermal spring having water warmer than 98°F (37°C): |
| Element | one of a class of substances that cannot be separated |
| cinder cone volcano | a small, conical volcano built of ash and cinders. |
| compost volcano | volcanoes have both tephra and lava material erupt from it. |
| Seild volcano | look like dome-shaped mountain |
| dike | a bank of earth formed of material being excavated |
| batholith | large body of intrusive igneous rock believed to have crystallized at a considerable depth below the earth's surface; pluton. |
| sill | a tabular body of intrusive igneous rock, ordinarily between beds of sedimentary rocks or layers of volcanic ejecta. |
| pipe | A vertical conduit below a volcano through which magma has passed and that has become filled with solidified magma, volcanic breccia, and fragments of older rock. |
| magmachamber | reservoir of magma in the earth's crust where the magma may reside temporarily on its way from the upper mantle to the earth's surface |
| dormant | volcano not erupting |
| active | volcano erupting |
| extinct | dead volcano |
| geyser | 1. a hot spring that intermittently sends up fountainlike jets of water and steam into the air. |
| caldera | basinlike depression resulting from the explosion or collapse of the center of a volcano. |
| lava plateau | a flat layer of molten rock |
| ring of fire | the linear zone of seismic and volcanic activity that coincides in general with the margins of the Pacific Plate. |
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tyy
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