Chemistry C1 Word Scramble
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Question | Answer |
What two gases are the main constituents of air? | Nitrogen, oxygen |
After nitrogen and oxygen, what are three next most common gases in air? | Argon, water vapour, carbon dioxide |
What proportion of the air is nitrogen? | 78% |
What proportion of the air is oxygen? | 21% |
What proportion of the air is argon? | 1% |
Billions of years ago, what were the most common gases in the earth's atmosphere? | Carbon dioxide and water vapour |
As the planet evolved, photosynthesising organisms added what gas to the atmosphere? | Oxygen |
As the planet evolved, photosynthesising organisms removed what gas from the atmosphere? | Carbon dioxide |
How does carbon monoxide poison humans? | Reduces the amount of oxygen the blood can carry |
Which gas is the main cause of acid rain? | Sulphur dioxide |
How are fossil fuels formed? | Sedimentary rocks created from carboniferous organisms |
What are the main changes that human activity has caused in the atmosphere? | Carbon dioxide and carbon particles. Small amounts of carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, sulphur dioxide |
What is coal made of? | Carbon, mostly |
What is a hydrocarbon? | A compound of hydrogen and carbon |
What type of compound are petrol, diesel and fuel oil? | Hydrocarbons |
When fuels burn, what chemical reactions occur? | Hydrogen and carbon atoms in the fuel combine with oxygen in the air to form water (hydrogen oxide) and carbon dioxide |
What element needs to be present for hydrocarbons to burn? | Oxygen |
Why do hydrocarbon fuels burn better in pure oxygen than air? | More oxygen |
What is oxidation? | A compound combining with oxygen |
What is reduction? | A compound losing oxygen in a chemical reaction |
Do combustion reactions involve oxidation or reduction? | Oxidation |
What happens in a chemical reaction? | Atoms get rearranged |
What is conserved in a chemical reaction? | Mass (same number of atoms of each element) |
If a fuel is burned that contains sulphur, what sulphurous compound will be created? | Sulphur dioxide |
How are nitrogen oxides (pollutants) produced in combustion engines? | Combination of atmospheric oxygen and nitrogen at high engine temperatures |
What's the chemical formula for carbon dioxide | CO2 |
What's the chemical formula for carbon monoxide | CO |
What's the chemical formula for sulphur dioxide | SO2 |
What's the chemical formula for nitrogen dioxide | NO2 |
What's the chemical formula for nitrogen monoxide | NO |
What's the chemical formula for water | H20 |
What does NOx mean? | Collective name for nitrogen oxides: NO and NO2 |
What three methods can be used to reduce pollution caused by fossil fuel burning power stations | Use less electricity. Remove sulphur from fossil fuels. Remove sulphur dioxide and particulates from flue gases. |
What technique is used for removing sulphur dioxide from flue gases? | Wet scrubbing |
How can pollution from car emissions be reduced | Less fuel (better engines, drive less) Low sulphur fuels Catalytic converters More public transport Limits on exhaust emissions |
Which two reactions take place in a car's catalytic converter | Nitrogen monoxide reduced to nitrogen Carbon monoxide oxidised to carbon dioxide |
What are the two most important alternatives to fossil fuels for motor vehicles | Biofuels Electricity |
Created by:
HaydonPeter
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