WQ2 Microbiology Word Scramble

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Question	Answer
Normal Flora	microorganism that established residence but do not produce disease under normal conditions
A microorganism that is not causing any harm to the host is known as a	Normal Flora
Microbial antagonism	normal flora can benefits the host by preventing the overgrowth of harmful microorganism; mutal opposition or contrary action; inbitionof microorganism growth by the presens of another
Competing for nutrients and space, producing toxins, and producing ph changes are examples of	microbial antagonism
Symbiosis	when two or more different species or organisms live together in close association
Commentalism	a symbiotic relationship in which one organism benefits and the other is unaffected; one organism gains some benefits such as protection or nourishment and the host is not harm
Mutualism, Commensalisms and Parasitism are all examples of what kind of relationship between normal flora and the host	symbiotic
Synergism and Antagonism are both examples of what kind of relationship between normal flora and the host	nonsymbiotic
Pathology	the study of the nature and cause of disease which involves changes in structure and function
Etiology	the study of the cause of disease
Pathogensis	the origin and development of a disease
Pathogenicity	the ability to produce pathological change and disease
Disease	a pathological condition of the body that presents a group of clinical signs and symptoms that sets the condition apart as an abnormal entities differing from other normal or pathological body states
Infection	invaded
Contamination	surface
Infestation	invasion
Infection	the state or condition in which the body or part of it is invaded by a pathogenic agent that under favorable conditions multiples and produces injurious effects
Contamination	the act of introducing disease causing germs or infectious material in an area or substance
Infestation	the invasion of the body or an area by macroscopic organisms
Pathogenic microorganism	a microorganism capable of producing disease; the host is the organism from which a parasite obtains its nourishment
True pathogen	microorganism that routinely causes disease upon entering the host real or genuine disease causing microorganism
Opportunistic pathogen	they ordinarily do not cause disease in their normal environment but may become pathogenic if the conditions or state of health of the host changes
Drug fast microorganism	resistance of a microorganism to the action of a drug or drugs
Staphylococcus aureus AKA MRSA is an example of this type of microorganism	drug fast or drug resistanct
Symptoms	subjective change casused by disease that are felt by the patient but are not directly measurable
Signs	objective changes caused by disease observed by a physician nurse or other person attending a patient
Syndrome	a group of signs and symptoms associated with a particular disease
Communicable disease	a disease that may be transmitted directly or indirectly from one person to another
Contagious disease	a communicable disease that is transmitted easily from one person to anther
Non communicable disease	a disease that is not transmitted from one person to another
Epidemiology	the science that studies when and where disease occur and how they are transmitted
Notifiable disease or reportable disease	a disease the physicians must report to the US Public Health Service
Incidence	the frequency or occurrence of a disease over a period of time and in relation to the population in which it occurs; the number of people in a population who develop a disease during a particular time period
40K new cases of HIV in the US in 2006 is an example of an	incidence
Prevalence	the fraction of a population having a specific disease at a given time prevalence takes into account new and old cases
In 2006 more than 1 million person are living with hiv/aids in the united states is an example of	prevalence
Sporadic disease	a disease that occurs occasionally in a random or isolated manner
Endemic disease	disease that occurs continuously in a particular region
Epidemic disease	appearance of an infectious disease or condition that attacks many people at the same time in the geographical area; higher than a normal appearance of an infectious disease within a given population
Pandemic disease	disease affecting the majority of the population of a large region or one that is epidemic at the same time in many different parts of the world; worldwide epidemic
Acute disease	disease having a rapid onset and short duration
Chronic disease	slow onset and long duration
Latent or dormant disease	on outward signs and symptoms
Local infection	infection caused by germs lodging and multiplying at one point in a tissue and remaining there
Systemic infection	also called a general infection; and infection that spreads throughout the entire body
Focal infection	one in which the organism are originally confined to one area but enter the blood or lymph vessel and spread to other parts of the body; these type of infections originate at a focus such as tooth cavity or sinus
Bacteremia	the presence of bacteria in the blood
Septicemia	condition characterized by the multiplication of bacteria in the blood
Viremia	the presence of viruses in the blood
Toxemia	the presence of toxins in the blood
Primary infection	the first infection that a host has after a period of health; an acute infection that causes the initial illness
Secondary infection	infection caused by a different organism than the one causing the primary infection
Mixed infection	infection caused by two or more organism
Subclinical infection	pertaining to a period before appearance of typical signs and symptoms of a disease
Exogenous Infection	arises from microorganisms transmitted from the outside of the body
Endogenous Infection	produced or arising from within the body for example the normal flora inside the gastrointestinal tract
A hospital acquired infection is an example of a	nonsocomial infection
Carriers	organisms that harbor pathogens and transmit them to other
Passive carriers	do not exhibits signs and symptoms of the disease
Active carriers	exhibit signs and symptoms of the disease
Convalescent carriers	recovering from a clinically recognizable form of a disease; have not returned to original state of health
Chronic carriers	transmit pathogens for longer than a year
Anthrax is an example of what type of disease	zoonoses
Zoonoses	diseases that occur primarily in wild and domestic animals and can be transmitted to humans
Physical contact, droplet transmission and congenital transmission are all examples of	direct contact transmission
Ingestion, airborne transmission, vectors and formites are all example of	indirect contact transmission
Formites	inanimate objectives that can spread infection
Towels, bedding, keyboards, telephones, doorknobs and needles are what type of indirect contact	formites
Mechanical insect vectors	pathogen is carried on the outside of the insect vector
Biological insect vectors	generally involved an insect bite; the insect vector harbors the pathogen and the pathogen may actually carry out its life cycle in the insect vector and/or the host
What is similar to a protien chemcially and physically?	enzymes
whichi is an example of a substraint	PROTein, carbon, lipid
use of cold or refrigeration is a ? technique?	bacteriostatsis
keeping bodies in a refrigeration is an example of a ? technique	bacteriostatsis
when does the enzyme lost it's catalytic activity?	when the enzyme loses it's shape
Insect	Infestation
Comtamination	Object
Infection	Body
Type of microbial agent used to disinfect an entire room	fumigation
A good quality of disinfection is one that covers	a broad base of agents
A terminology of microbrial agent used to sertilze objects	comtamination
a metabolic reaction of a catalyst that is synthesis and consumes more energy that it produces	catabolic reaction
a metabolic reaction of a catalyst that is degraditive and produces more energy than it need
Is the relationship between a substrate and catalyst specific	yes
An example of the relationship between a catalyst and a substrate is a	lock and key
The substrate name of a protien is a	protienase
the substrate name of a carbohysrate is a	carbohydrase
the substrate name of a lipid	lipidase
In a catalytic reaction enzymes are	not changed
A type of microbial agent used to remove or destroy all forms of microbial life including endospores	sterilization
incerneration, cremation and hot air sterilization oven are all exammple of	dry heat
boiling, free flowing steam and steam under pressure are all examples of	mosit heat
sterilization	highest level of growth control; process of completely removing and destroying life form including endospores
Pathogen agent distruction or control of microbal growth of pathagen (chem or phy) does not destroy enspores	disinfection
sterilization destroys	endospores
disinfection destroys	pathogens
What is the mechenism of UV radiation	causes mutation of dna cells
what is the mechanism of dryheat/autoclave	oxidation of celluar compounds and enzymes
what is the mechansim of mosit heat	denatures protein and enzymes
What is the mechanism of desciccation	water limits growth
what is the mechanismof cold	prevents growth
What is the mechanism fo scrubbing	scrubbing itself
What is the most complete control method	sterilization
Which technique is more efficeint technigue to control microbial growth moist heat or dry heat	moist heat, the high temperatures denatures protiens and enzemyes
Of the moist heat techniques which is the most effective kills the most microbial	hot air auutoclave 121 c for 15 mins
What describes a catabolic reactions	Degradative
What describes an anatobolic reaction	Synthetic
Which of the following best describes enzymes	Biological catalyst
Denaturation is the loss of an enzyme charaterisci three dimensional structure or shape	True
What term best describe the removal of all microbial life including endospores	Sterilization
What term best describe the removal of all microbial life excluding endospores	Disinfection
What is a derivative of phenolic	Cresol
What is a term that describes the inhibiting (not destruction) of the grwoth of bacteria	Bacteriostatis
Which physical microbial control method is the most efficient	Auto clave steam under pressure
Which group of lipolytic could dissolve cell membrance	Alcohols/Phenol
Which group is described as a strong oxidizing agent	Halogens
Which group is described as a reducing agent	Aldehydes
Which group is described as a surfacant	QUATS
Symbiosis	two or more organism living together
Mutualism	Both organism benefit
Commensalism	One organism benefits; no harm or benefit to the other
microbial antagonism	mutal oppositin or contray action
parasitism	mutal oppositionor contray action
infection	body or part of the body is invaded by a pathogen
contamination	introducing infectious material on a surface
infestation	invasion of an area by macroscopic organisms
true pathogen	microorganism routinely causes disease
opportunites pathogen	ordinarily do not cause disease
drug fast microorganism	drug resistant
Syndrome	a group of signs and symptoms
local infection	infection that loadges at one point
systemic infection	general infection
septicemia	multiplicationof bacteria in the blood
bacteremia	presense of bacteria in the blood
subclinical infection	period before signs and symptoms
droplet transmission	direct contact transmission
ingestation ozoonosisf contaminated food	indirect contact transmission
biological vector	indirect contact transmission
congenital transmission	direct contact transmission
fomite transmission	indirect contact transmission
zoonosis	disease of animals transmitted to humans
passive carrier	does not exhibit signs and symptoms of the disease
active carrier	exhibit signs and symptoms of the disease
chronic carrier	transmit pathogen for more than a year
convalescent carrier	recovering from a disease
THE DESTRUCTION OF ALL MICROORGANISMS AND THEIR PRODUCTS IS TERMED	STERILIZATION
THE INHIBITION OF BACTERIAL GROWTH AND REPRODUCTION WITHOUT NECESSARILY DESTROYING THE ORGANISMS IS THE RESULT OF	AN ANTISEPTIC
THE DESTRUCTION OF ALL PATHOGENS AND THEIR PRODUCTS IS TERMED	DISINFECTION
AN AGENT WHICH DESTROYS YEASTS AND MOLDS IS TERMED A/AN	FUNGICIDE
AN AGENT WHICH LIBERATES GASES OR FUMES FOR THE PURPOSE OF DESTRUCTION OF INSECTS AND MICROORGANISMS IS CALLED	A FUMIGANT
WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS MOST EFFICIENT IN DESTRUCTION OF MICROORGANISMS	STEAM UNDER PRESSURE
WHICH OF THESE IS PRIMARILY BACTERIOSTATIC IN ITS ACTION	COLD
THE MOST WIDELY APPLICABLE AND EFFECTIVE STERILIZING AGENT IS	HEAT
FREE-FLOWING STEAM IS ABOUT EQUAL TO	BOILING
THE AUTOCLAVE USUALLY GENERATES A TEMPERATURE OF ABOUT	121 DEGREES F.
WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS NOT A FACTOR IN THE ACTION OF A CHEMICAL DISINFECTANT	TIME OF DAY
WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS USED AS A STANDARD TO MEASURE THE EFFICIENCY OF CHEMICAL DISINFECTANTS	PHENOL
WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS A QUATERNARY AMMONIUM COMPOUND	ZEPHIRAN CHLORIDE
WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS NOT A PHENOLIC COMPOUND	GLUTARALDEHYDE
A TERM THAT MAY BE USED TO DESCRIBE THE PRESENCE OF TRUE PATHOGENS ON INANIMATE OBJECTS	CONTAMINATION
MICROORGANISMS THAT PRODUCE DISEASE ONLY UNDER FAVORABLE CONDITIONS ARE	OPPORTUNISTS
WHAT TERM REFERS TO THE INVASION OF THE BODY BY MACROSCOPIC PARASITES	INFESTATION
WHAT TERM IS DEFINED AS THE INVASION OF THE BODY BY LIVING MICROORGANISMS WITH SUBSEQUENT MULTIPLICATION AND DISEASE PRODUCTION	INFECTION
WHAT TERM REFERS TO THE PREFERENCE OF A PATHOGEN FOR A PARTICULAR PART OF THE BODY	ELECTIVE LOCALIZATION
AN INFECTION WHICH IS CAUSED BY ORGANISMS ALREADY PRESENT IN THE BODY IS BEST DESCRIBED AS	ENDOGENOUS
AN INFECTION WHICH HAS RELATIVELY SHORT AND SEVERE COURSE IS TERMED	ACUTE
AN INFECTION WHICH REMAINS CONFINED TO A PARTICULAR PART OF THE BODY IS TERMED	LOCAL
WHAT INFECTION IS ONE IN WHICH MICROORGANISMS OR THEIR PRODUCTS ARE SPREAD BY THE BLOOD OR LYMPH TTHROUGHOUT THE ENTIRE BODY	GENERAL
WHAT INFECTION IS ONE WHICH HAS A RELATIVELY SLOW ONSET AND LONG DURATION	CHRONIC
WHAT INFECTION SPREADS FROM ONE AREA OF INFECTION TO SET UP OTHER AREAS OF INFECTION IN THE BODY	FOCAL
WHAT INFECTION IS ONE IN WHICH THE CAUSATIVE AGENTS ENTER THE BODY FROM THE OUTSIDE BY ENTERING THROUGH ONE OF THE PORTALS OF ENTRY	EXOGENOUS
WHAT INFECTION IS ONE WHICH OCCURS IN AN INDIVIDUAL WHO ALREADY HAS AN INFECTION OF ANOTHER TYPE	SECONDARY
WHAT INFECTION IS ONE CAUSED BY TWO OR MORE DIFFERENT ORGANISMS AT ABOUT THE SAME TIME	MIXED
WHAT IS A CONDITION IN WHICH BACTERIA ARE FOUND IN THE BLOOD BUT NOT MULTIPLYING THERE	BACTEREMIA
WHAT INFECTION OCCURS IN AN INDIVIDUAL WHO HAS NO OTHER ACTIVE INFECTION	PRIMARY
WHAT IS AN INFECTION OF THE BLOOD WITH ACTUAL GROWTH AND MULTIPLICATION OF PATHOGENS IN THE BLOODS	SEPTICEMIA
WHAT INFECTION OCCURS AS A LATE COMPLICATION OF ANOTHER DISEASE AND IS ITSELF THE ACTUAL CAUSE OF DEATH	TERMINAL
A COMMUNICABLE DISEASE WHICH IS CONSTANTLY PRESENT TO A GREATER OR LESSER DEGREE WITHIN A COMMUNITY IS TERMED	ENDEMIC
A COMMUNICABLE DISEASE THAT ATTACKS A LARGE NUMBER OF PERSONS IN A COMMUNITY AT ABOUT THE SAME TIME IS TERMED	EPIDEMIC
A COMMUNICABLE DISEASE THAT OCCURS IN A COMMUNITY ONLY AS AN OCCASIONAL CASE IS TERMED	SPORADIC
A COMMUNICABLE DISEASE THAT HAS SPREAD TO MORE THAN ONE COUNTRY MAY BE DESCRIBED AS	PANDEMIC
WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS TRUE OF A CARRIER	NEVER HAD DISEASE THAT IS BEING CARRIED, MAY HAVE HAD THE DISEASE AND RECOVERED, NO SYMPTOMS OF THE DISEASE
WHAT CARRIER HARBORS AND DISSEMINATES THE CAUSATIVE AGENTS OF A DISEASE FOR A LONG TIME FOLLOWING RECOVERY FROM A DISEASE	ACTIVE
WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS A MODE OF DIRECT DISEASE TRANSMISSION	DROPLET SPRAY
WHICH OF THESE TRANSMIT DISEASE BY BITING THE HOST	BIOLOGICAL VECTORS
WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING WOULD MOST LIKELY TRANSMIT TYPHOID FEVER AS A MECHANICAL VECTOR	HOUSEFLY
CONGENTIAL DISEASE TRANSMISSION OCCURS THROUGH THE	PLACENTA
THE PRESENCE OF BACTERIA IN THE BLOOD WITH NO NOTICEABLE GROWTH OR REPRODUCTION IS	BACTEREMIA
A PERSON WHO HARBORS A PATHOGENIC MICROBE BUT DOES NOT EXHIBIT ANY SYMPTOMS OF THE DISEASE WHICH IT IS KNOWN TO CAUSE IS	A CARRIER
THE INVASION, MULTIPLICATION AND SPREADING OF MICROORGANISMS CAUSING HARM TO THE HOST IS	INFECTION
WHAT TYPE OF PATHOGENS CAUSE DISEASE UNDER MOST CONDITIONS	TRUE PATHOGENS
FOR DISINFECTION, ALCOHOL IS MOST EFFECTIVE IN A	70% SOLUTION
THE PROCESS OF PASSING A LIQUID THROUGH A MATERIAL WITH PORES SO SMALL THAT BACTERIA CANNOT PASS THROUGH IS	FILTRATION
WHICH OF THESE CHEMICAL AGENTS IS A MEMBER OF THE QUATERNARY AMMONIUM COMPOUND FAMILY	BENZALKONIUM CHLORIDE
THOSE MICROORGANISMS THAT DO NOT NORMALLY INVADE THE BODY OF THE HOST TO PRODUCE DISEASE ARE	NORMAL FLORA
WHICH OF THESE IS LEAST EFFECTIVE IN ACHIEVING A STERILE ENVIRONMENT	BOILING
WHICH MECHANICAL METHOD OF SANITATION IS LIKELY TO BE USED IN THE PRACTICE OF MORTUARY HYGIENE	SCRUBBING
WHICH OF THESE CHEMICAL AGENTS IS DESCRIBED AS A COAL-TAR DERIVATIVE	PHENOL
A BACTERIUM THAT PRODUCES INFECTION ONLY WHEN SPECIFIC CONDITIONS ARISE IS	AN OPPORTUNISTIC PATHOGEN
NORMAL FLORA BACTERIA WILL CAUSE WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING TYPES OF INFECTION	ENDOGENOUS
WHICH OF THESE IS A CHEMICAL AGENT CAPABLE OF KILLING VIRAL ORGANIMS	VIRICIDE
WHAT CONTROL PROCESS IS USED TO DESTROY SOMETHING OF NO VALUE	INCINERATION
WHICH AGENT DESTROYS YEASTS AND MOLDS	FUNGICIDE
AN AGENT THAT LIBERATES GASES FOR THE PURPOSE OF DESTROYING MACROSCOPIC LIFE FORMS IS A	FUMIGANT
WHICH OF THESE STATEMENTS BEST DESCRIBES A PATHOGEN	AN ORGANISM CAPABLE OF PRODUCING DISEASE IN A SUSPECTIBLE HOST
AN INFECTION THAT OCCURS AFTER ANOTHER INFECTION IS ALREADY PRESENT IS	A SECONDARY INFECTION
WHICH OF THESE INFECTIONS OCCURS WITH RAPID ONSET AND SHORT DURATION	ACUTE INFECTION
THE FIRST INFECTION THAT A PERSON HAS AT ANY GIVEN TIME IS	A PRIMARY INFECTION
AN INFECTION THAT IS CAUSED BY TWO OR MORE DIFFERENT ORGANISMS IS A	MIXED INFECTION
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TWO ORGANISMS IN WHICH NEITHER CAN SURVIVE INDEPENDENT OF THE OTHER IS	SYMBIOTIC
A RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TWO ORGANISMS IN WHICH ONE IS DETRIMENTAL TO THE OTHER IS	ANTAGONISTIC
A MUTUALLY ADVANTAGEOUS SYMBIOTIC RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TWO ORGANISMS IS	MUTUALISM
WHAT TYPE OF CONDITION IS PRODUCED BY THE APPLICATION OF AN ANTISEPTIC	BACTERIOSTATIC
WHICH OF THESE TERMS IS SYNONYMOUS WITH BACTERIOSTATIC	ANTISEPTIC
ULTRAVIOLET RAYS OF SUNLIGHT	ARE BACTERICIDAL
CONGENITAL DISEASE TRANSMISSION OCCURS THROUGH	THE PLACENTA
WHY ARE ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT RAYS LETHAL TO BACTERIA	THEY DAMAGE THE DNA OR RNA OF THE MICROBE
WHAT IS THE IMPLICATION OF STERILIZATION	TO RENDER AN OBJECT FREE OF ALL LIVING ORGANISMS

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