Rad Pro Ch.11 Part 3 Word Scramble
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| Question | Answer |
| How many facial bones are there? | 14. |
| Facial Bones: | 2 Maxillae. 2 Zygomatic Bones. 2 Lacrimal Bones. 2 Nasal Bones. 2 Inferior Nasal Conchae. 2 Palatine Bones. 1 Vomer. 1 Mandible. |
| Each maxilla articulates with _____ Cranial Bones: | 2; Frontal & Ethmoid. |
| Each maxilla articulates with _____ Facial Bones: | 7; zygoma, lacrimal, nasal, palatine, inferior nasal concha, vomer, and adjacent maxilla. |
| Palatine Bones | Forms the posterior part of the hard plate. |
| What processes are seen in the frontal view of the skull? | Frontal process, zygomatic process, &malveolar process. |
| Maxillary Sinus | The body of each maxillary bone contains a large air-filled cavity. |
| Frontal Process | Projects upward along the lateral border of the nose toward the frontal bone. |
| The ______ of each maxilla is the centrally located portion that lies lateral to the nose. | Body |
| Zygomatic Process | Projects laterally to unite with the zygoma. |
| Alveolar Process | Is the inferior aspect of the body of each maxilla; 8 upper teeth occur along the inferior margin of each of these processes. |
| Acanthion | A point at the superior aspect of the anterior nasal spine. |
| Pterygoid Hamuli | 2 processes; are similar to the feet of the outstretched legs of a bat. |
| Zygoma | Is located lateral to the zygomatic process of each maxilla; form the prominence of the cheeks and make up the lower outer portion of the orbits. |
| Zygomatic Arch | Is a delicate structure that sometimes is fractured or "caved in" by a blow to the cheek. |
| Zygomatic Arch: | Projects posteriorly from the zygoma; is a slender process that connects with the zygomatic process of the temporal bone. |
| Zygomatic Prominence | Is a positioning landmark and the term refers to this prominent portion of the zygoma. |
| Each Zygoma articulates with ____ Cranial Bones: | 3; Frontal, Sphenoid, & Temporal. |
| Each Zygoma articulates with ____ Facial Bones: | 1; Maxilla. |
| The _______ and _________ are the thinnest and most fragile bones in the entire body. | Lacrimal & Nasal. |
| Lacrimal Bones | 2 bones that are small and delicate; lie anteriorly on the medial side of each orbit just posterior to the process of the maxilla. |
| Nasal Bones | 2 fused bones that form the bridge of the nose and are variable in size. |
| Each Lacrimal Bone articulates with ____ Cranial Bones: | 2; Frontal & Ethmoid. |
| Nasion | The point of junction of the 2 nasal bones. |
| Each Lacrimal Bone articulates with ____ Facial Bones: | 2; Maxilla & Inferior Nasal Concha. |
| Each Nasal Bone articulates with ____ Cranial Bones: | 2; Frontal & Ethmoid. |
| Each Nasal Bone articulates with ____ Frontal Bones: | 2; Maxilla & Adjacent Nasal Bone. |
| Inferior Nasal Conchae | 2 platelike curved facial bones; project from the lateral walls of the nasal cavity on each side and extend medially. |
| Superior and Middle Conchae | Are part of the ethmoid bone. |
| Each Inferior nasal conchae articulates with ____ Cranial Bone: | 1; Ethmoid. |
| Each Inferior nasal conchae articulates with ____ Facial Bone: | 3;Maxilla, Lacrimal, & Palatine. |
| Each Palatine articulates with ____ Cranial Bones: | 2; Sphenoid and Ethmoid. |
| Each Palatine articulates with ____ Facial Bones: | 4; Maxilla, Inferior Nasal Conchae, Vomer, & Adjacent Palatine. |
| Cribriform Plate & Crista Galli | Of the ethmoid bone help separate the cranium from the facial bone mass. |
| Vomer | Is a thin, triangular bone that forms the inferoposterior part of the nasal septum. |
| The Vomer articulates with ____ Cranial Bones: | 2; Sphenoid & Ethmoid |
| The Vomer articulates with ____ Facial Bones: | 4; Right and Left Palatine Bones & Right and Left Maxillae |
| Mandible | The largest facial bone; lower jaw. |
| The only movable bone in the adult skull is? | Mandible. |
| The _______ of the mandible divides each half into 2 pain parts. | Gonion. |
| Body | The area anterior to the angle of the mandible. |
| Ramus | The area superior to each angle of the mandible. |
| Alveolar Process | Or ridge; extends along the entire superior portion of the body of the mandible. |
| Mental Protuberance | The flat triangular area below the symphysis, marked by 2 knoblike protuberances that project forward. |
| Mental Point | The center of the mental protuberance. |
| Mental Foramen | Located on each half of the body of the mandible. |
| The ________________ serve as passageways for the mental artery, vein, and nerve that innervates the lower lip & chin. | Mental Foramen. |
| Symphysis Menti | The single body forms from each lateral half and unites at the anterior midline of the mandible. |
| Mandibular Notch | The upper portion of each rams terminates a U-shaped notch. |
| Coronoid Process | The process at the anterior end of the mandibular notch. |
| Condyloid Process | 2 parts; the posterior process of the upper ramus. |
| Condyle or Head | The rounded end of the condyloid process. |
| Neck | The constricted area directly below the condyle. |
| TMJ | The condyle of the condyloid process fits into the TM fossa of the temporal bones to form this join. |
| Submentovertical (SMV) | The horseshoe shape of the mandible is well visualized on a __________ projection. |
| SMV projection well demonstrates: | Mentum, Body, Rams, and Gonion of the mandible. |
| Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) | The only movable joint (synovial) in the skull. |
| TMJ Movement: | -Open mouth (condyles move forward). -Closed mouth (normal position). |
| Lateral Facial Bones | - CR perpendicular, centered to zygoma (cheek). |
| Blowout Fracture | Is a fracture of the floor of the orbit caused by an object striking the eyes straight on. |
| Tripod Fracture | Is caused by a blow to the cheek, resulting in fracture of the zygoma in three places- orbital process, maxillary process, and arch. Resulting in a "free-floating" zygomatic bone. |
| Le Fort Fractures | Are severe bilateral horizontal fractures of the maxillae that may result in an unstable detached fragment. |
| Contrecoup Fracture | Is a fracture to one side of a structure that is caused by an impact on the opposite side. |
| Parietocanthial Projection: Waters Method | - MML perpendicular to IR. - CR perpendicular to IR to exit at acanthion. - Petrous ridges below maxillary sinuses. |
| Erect Parietocanthial Projection | - Horizontal CR. - 37° OML and IR (MML perpendicular to IR). - Petrous ridges below maxillary sinuses. |
| PA Axial: Caldwell Method | - OML perpendicular to IR. - CR 15° caudad, exits at nasion. * Petrous ridges projected into lower ⅓ of orbits. |
| If area of interest is the orbital floors then use a ___________ angle to project the petrous ridges below the IOM on the PA Axial: Caldwell Method. | 30° caudad. |
| Modified Parietocanthial Projection: Modified Waters Method | - CR perpendicular, exits at acanthion. - LML perpendicular to IR. - OML 55° angle to IR. * Petrous ridges projected in lower ⅓ of maxillary sinuses. |
| Lateral Nasal Bones | - Interpupillary line perpendicular to IR. - CR perpendicular, centered to ½ in (1.25 cm) inferior to nasion. |
| Superoinferior Tangential (Axial) Nasal Bones | - IR perpendicular to GAL. - CR parallel to GAL. - Demonstates possible medial-lateral displacemen. |
| SMV Projection: Zygomatic Arches | - CR perpendicular to IOML. - IOML parallel to IR. |
| Oblique Inferosuperior (Tangentail) Projection: Zygomatic Arches | - IOML parallel to IR. - Rotate and tilt skull 15° toward affected side. - CR perpendicular to IR and IOML. - CR to arch of interest. |
| AP Axial Zygomatic Arches: Modified Towne Method | - CR 30° to OML or 37° to IOML. - CR 1 in (2.5 cm) superior to glabella (to pass through mid arches). |
| Parietal-Orbital Oblique Projection Optic Foramina: Rhese Method | - Bilateral projections taken for comparison. - CR perpendicular to downside orbit. - MSP 53° to IR. - Rotate head 37° toward the affected side . - AML perpendicular to IR. * Optic foramen in lower outer quadrant. |
| Axiolateral Oblique Projection: Mandible | - Place head in true lateral with side of interest against IR. - Have patient close mouth if possible and bring teeth together. |
| Axiolateral Oblique Projection: Mandible: | - Extend neck slightly to prevent superimposition of the gonion over the c-spine. - Rotate head toward IR to place mandibular area of interest parallel to IR. The ° of rotation/obliquity depends on which section of the mandible is of interest. |
| _______ rotation toward IR best demonstrates body. | 30°. |
| _______ rotation best demonstrates mentum. | 45°. |
| __________ rotation best provides a general survey of mandible. | 10°-15°. |
| Employ a combination of tilt on the head and CR angle not to exceed ________. OR Employ ______ cephalad angle toward the IR with no head tilt. | 25°. |
| PA or PA Axial Mandible | - OML perpendicular to IR. - CR perpendicular, to exit at lips. |
| Optional PA Axial | - CR 20°-25° cephalad to better visualize condyles (heads) and neck. |
| AP Axial Mandible: Towne Method | - OML or IOML perpendicular to IR. - CR 35° (OML)-42° (IOML) caudad. - CR centered to glabella. * Condyloid processes demonstrated and symmetric. |
| SMV Mandible | -IOML parallel to IR. - CR midway between mandibular angles. - CR perpendicular to IOM. |
| Orthopantomography-Panoramic Tomography: Mandible | IOML parallel to floor. |
| AP Axial Temporomandibular Joints: Modified Towne Method | - OML perpendicular to IR. - CR angled 35° caudad from OML or 42° from IOML. - CR level of TMJ (2 in [5 cm] anterior to EAM). |
| Axiolateral Oblique Projection TMJ: Modified Law Method | - Rotate skull 15° toward IR. - CR 1½ in (4 cm) superior to upside EAM. - CR angled 15° caudad. |
| Axiolateral TMJ: Schuller Method | -True lateral (in open and closed mouth positions). - CR angled 25°-30° caudad. - CR enters ½ in (1.3 cm) anterior and 2 in (5 cm) superior to upside EAM. |
Created by:
sassyrad
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