Interest Groups Word Scramble
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| Term | Definition |
| Interest groups | Organizations of people sharing a common interest; interest groups (lobbies) make policy-related appeals to the government |
| Institutional interest groups | Individuals, organizations, or offices representing other interest group organizations; they are generally not open to broad public membership (e.g. Amazon, Ford, the NFL) |
| Membership interest groups | organizations open to public membership that allow members to gather to engage in civil or political action (e.g. AARP, ACLU, NAACP, National Rifle Association) |
| Public goods | benefits for both interest group members and non-members |
| Public-interest groups | groups seeking to provide benefits (public goods) for the broader public beyond just the group’s members |
| Free riding | when people reap the benefits of interest group action but without participating in the group |
| Incentives to join interest groups | material, informational, solidary, and purposive, Material incentives: money,Informational incentives: benefits for an individual to spread knowledge,Solidary incentives: social rewards,Purposive incentives: character benefits gained from serving a cause |
| Direct lobbying | interest group activity that involves influencing legislators to either approve or reject bills by providing them with specialist information |
| Obtaining access | interest group activity that involves establishing close relationships with legislators and public officials; it highlights the “revolving door” in politics, when legislators and public officials leave office to become lobbyists (and vice versa) |
| Litigation | an interest group activity that involves filing or supporting lawsuits in the courts; examples include providing funding for individuals/groups and providing amicus curiae (“friends of the court”) briefs for legal cases |
| Electoral interest group processes | interest group activities including voter mobilization, initiatives such as petitions and ballot measures, and campaign financing (e.g. political action committees) |
| Public appeals | interest group activities that include organizing and/or supporting protests, marches, boycotts, and civil disobedience (e.g. strikes, pickets, sit-ins, disruptions) |
| C. Wright Mills | Sociologist who proposed the theory of elitism in his 1956 book The Power Elite |
| Robert Dahl | Political scientist who supported the interest group theory of pluralism, Dahl emphasized bottom-up political processes. |
| Theodore Lowi | Political scientist who described the concept of interest-group liberalism in his 1969 book The End of Liberalism, Lowi argued that interest-group liberalism has largely resulted in the general public being shut out of governemnt since the 1930s |
Created by:
onowak