AP Psych. Unit 5 Word Scramble
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| Term | Definition |
| Language | Spoken, written, and signed words and their combinations to communicate meaning. |
| Phonemes | Smallest distinctive sound unit. Example: bat which has 3 B-A-T |
| Morphemes | Smallest unit that holds meaning. Example: undesirable UN-DESIR-ABLE |
| Grammar | Rules that allow us to communicate and understand each other. |
| Semantics | Derives meaning from morphemes. Example: '-ed' is past tense |
| Syntax | Rules for word order in sentences. Example: White house & Casa Blanca |
| Noam Chomsky- Nativist theory | Believes language is almost entirely inborn. Brain is wired for language and is why learning a second language when young are easier. Nouns before verbs no matter what language. |
| Language comes in an order. 1st- Syllables 2nd- Sequences 3rd- Patterns | |
| Babble Stage | Around 4 months Usually as "ba, ga," and "da" phonemes |
| One-Word Stage | Around 1st birthday Forming words like "ball, cat, me," and "no" morphemes |
| Two-Word Stage (telegraphic speech) | By 2nd birthday Ex: Go car! |
| Critical Periods | There is a critical period for development of language. Late starter, ages 2-3 will learn language faster than average to catch up. By about age 7, those who have not been exposed to language lose the ability to master any language. |
| Broca’s area (frontal) | Language expression. |
| Wernicke’s area (temporal) | Language comprehension. |
| Linguistic determinism (Benjamin Whorf) | Language differences impact the way we see the world. Language shapes our thoughts. |
| Thinking in images | Talk to self (in head) Imagine an answer Visualization Mental practicing Watching others perform the actions |
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