SUR122 Final Word Scramble
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| Question | Answer |
| Which objective-power lens is MOST frequently used for microlaryngoscopy? | 400 mm |
| In myringotomy procedures, what does “PE” stand for? | Pressure equalizing |
| Which of the following statements comparing rigid bronchoscopes and esophagoscopes to rigid laryngoscopes is correct? | Bronchoscopes are longer than laryngoscopes, and the distal end is straight. |
| Baron, Frazier, House, and Rosen are names of which type of instrument? | Suction |
| Which cranial nerve carries information related to equilibrium to the cerebral cortex? | Eighth (VIII) |
| Which name is common to knives, needles, picks, and suction tips used in otologic procedures? | Rosen |
| Rhinoplasty procedures are often considered “plastic surgery” cases rather than otorhinolaryngological. | True |
| What is the name of the sharp-tipped, handheld retractor that can be either single or double and often is found in nasal trays? | Joseph |
| What is the term for creating a surgical opening into the tympanic membrane? | Myringotomy |
| Why is a scapular or shoulder roll used in procedures involving the oropharynx? | Tilt head to increase exposure |
| What is an alternate name for the bony nasal projections known as turbinates? | Conchae |
| Which structure is often blocked with stones in the parotid gland, possibly necessitating surgical removal of the gland? | Stensen’s duct |
| What is the name of the long, thin, cupped, pistol-grip type handled forceps used in many nasal procedures? | Takahashi |
| Which procedure would require 4 mm or 5 mm, 0 degree, or angled lenses and a navigation system for intraoperative guidance? | FESS |
| Which of the paranasal sinuses are MOST superior and can be singular or divided? | Frontal |
| All of the following are methods of performing a turbinectomy EXCEPT: | Percutaneous |
| Which of the following descriptions and classification of laryngeal cartilage pertains to the epiglottis? | Individual and elastic |
| Powered equipment such as ear drills and irrigation and aspiration units should always be tested prior to use to prevent delay or possible patient injury. | True |
| What is the term that describes a nasal septum that typically causes obstructed breathing in older patients? | Deviated |
| A procedure sometimes performed in the ICU, ER, or PACU is a(n): | Tracheotomy |
| Where is the soft palate located in relation to the nasal cavity? | Posterior and inferior |
| Which type of laser is useful for procedures involving the stapes and middle ear? | Argon |
| What is an important step for the surgical technologist to remember to perform when changing burs on a pneumatic drill? | Put hand piece on safety |
| Antrostomy rasps would be used in procedures involving which anatomical structure(s)? | Facial sinuses |
| How should micro ear instruments be cleaned intraoperatively? | Wiped with a micro instrument wipes |
| Topical cocaine 4% is used in nasal surgery for: | Anesthesia |
| What chronically occurring condition is often the reason for the placement of myringotomy tubes in one or both ears? | Otitis media |
| Which of the following is NOT a compartment of the bony labyrinth of the inner ear? | Sphenoid sinus |
| Epistaxis is more commonly known as an acute: | Nose bleed |
| What is the name of the structure that separates the outer and middle ear canals from one another? | Tympanic membrane |
| An otorhinolaryngologist is more commonly known as which type of specialist? | ENT |
| The pinna of the ear is the visible external portion that collects sound waves and channels them into the middle and inner ear. | True |
| Davis and McIvor are names of which type of instrument? | Mouth gags |
| Which part of the tympanic membrane is fibrous, largest, and where drainage tubes are inserted? | Pars tensa |
| Which of the following is all that is necessary for instrument setup for bilateral myringotomy tube (BMT) placement? | Mayo stand |
| Which instrument is used to measure the distance from incus to stapes footplate for selection of a prosthesis in stapedectomy? | Depth gauge |
| PE tubes placed during myringotomy procedures must be removed following resolution of otitis media. | False |
| What tissue type are the palatine tonsils? | Lymphoid |
| Which of the following is NOT a category of tonsil tissue? | Laryngeal |
| Which acute infection appears in bony air cells after approximately 10 to 14 days following an otitis media infection, and if untreated, it may result in meningitis or encephalitis? | Mastoiditis |
| Which of the following is a curved, serrated tonsil knife? | Fisher |
| What is the name of the wax that is normally produced and found within the ear canal? | Cerumen |
| Which of the following is the MOST commonly used autograft in otologic procedures? | Temporalis fascia |
| Which procedure is performed for treatment of sleep apnea? | UPPP |
| In which instrument tray would you find a Ballenger swivel knife, Cottle elevator, Knight scissors, and Takahashi forceps? | SMR |
| A tuning fork is a useful tool during parotidectomy to safely identify branches of the seventh (VII) cranial nerve. | False |
| Which type of study would be used to diagnose sleep apnea? | Polysomnography |
| Which of the following are classified as tonsils but are routinely referred to as adenoids and tend to atrophy with age? | Pharyngeal |
| What is the surgical technologist often asked to do for the surgeon during septal procedures? | Tap the chisel with the mallet lightly. |
| Which of the paranasal sinuses are numerous, small, and located on either side of the bridge of the nose, between the eyes? | Ethmoid |
| Which of the following procedures would require use of an operating microscope? | Stapedectomy |
| What is the MOST common cause of nasal polyps? | Allergic rhinitis |
| Which type of mechanical action of a drill attachment is MOST commonly used in otologic procedures? | Rotating |
| Which cranial nerve may be damaged by growth of a cholesteatoma? | Seventh (VII) |
| Waters, Caldwell, lateral, and sub mental radiographic views are used to establish diagnosis for which anatomical area? | Sinus cavities |
| Which of the following is NOT an ossicle found in the middle ear? | Cochlea |
| Diagnostic method that assesses the amount of damage to the sound conduction system and determines course of treatment | Audiography |
| Diagnostic method that uses cool and warm water introduced into the ear canal to assess balance function | Electronystagmography |
| The anatomic structure that connects the middle ear to the nasopharynx | Eustachian tube |
| The membranous opening in the wall of the cochlea that receives vibrations from the stapes in the middle ear | Oval window |
| A series of hair cells that directly contact fibers of the cochlear nerve | Organs of Corti |
| The process of cutting up tissue into small pieces to extract it through a small opening | Morcellation |
| Congenital defect that results in a bony or membranous occlusion of the passageway between the nose and the pharynx | Choanal atresia |
| A device attached to suction that uses gravity to capture specimens such as washings for laboratory analysis | Lukens tube |
| Condition of being enlarged due to chronic inflammation; may cause obstruction | Hypertrophy |
| Position achieved by placement of a scapular roll to provide enhanced visualization of the oropharyngeal area | Hyperextension |
| Which laryngeal cartilage is commonly known as the “Adam’s apple”? | Thyroid |
| What is the name of the double-action, cupped, forward angled forceps used to resect portions of the nasal septum? | Jansen-Middleton |
| What is the term for bony overgrowth of the stapes? | Otosclerosis |
| Which diagnostic study is best at delineating between soft tissue and bony structures for diagnosing sinus conditions? | CT scan |
| Which gas can cause expansion of the middle ear and therefore is contraindicated in tympanic graft cases? | Nitrous oxide |
| In which of the following procedures would the surgical technologist need to have a spreader and a hook ready for use? | Tracheotomy |
| Which surgical procedure would be performed for excision of a cholesteatoma? | Mastoidectomy |
| A TMJ decompression procedure is performed in which anatomical area? | Lateral jaw |
| Which of the following is frequently used as an autograft to replace the mandible in a radical neck dissection? | Fibula |
| Craniofacial disjunction fractures are severe traumatic injuries categorized as Le Fort III fractures. | True |
| Which sequence of steps for plate fixation is CORRECT? | Place plate, drill one hole at a time, measure with depth gauge, tap, insert screw, and repeat steps for remaining holes. |
| Which diameter fixation screw would MOST likely be used for a fracture of the mandible? | 4.0 mm |
| Which procedure is performed for removal of impacted wisdom teeth? | Odonectomy |
| Coral would be classified as what type of graft material? | Xenograft |
| Irrigation and what other item is used anytime the dental drill is used during odontectomy? | Suction |
| Which type of nonabsorbable maxillofacial implant used in fracture fixation is lightweight, noncorrosive, and strong? | Titanium |
| Which type of sterile drape is commonly used for oral and maxillofacial procedures? | U-drape |
| What should the surgical technologist do before handing a retractor to the surgeon for use in orbital floor fracture? | Moisten it with saline. |
| Which of the following facial bones is the largest and strongest? | Mandible |
| Tapping of bone is done in fixation procedures to reduce: | Torque pressure on screws |
| Which hemostatic agent is used during oral and maxillofacial procedures that requires advising the anesthesia provider of its use? | Epinephrine |
| What is the name of the narrow, double-angle retractor frequently used in oral procedures? | Minnesota |
| What is the name of the narrow, double-angle retractor frequently used in oral procedures? | Jaw |
| Which radiographic technique or view shows the alveolar processes, mandible, posterior maxillary sinuses, and the zygomas? | Panoramic |
| What is the term that describes the side of teeth closest to the cheek? | Buccal |
| All of the following are configurations of fixation plates for maxillofacial fracture reduction EXCEPT: | W |
| What is the MOST common position for patients undergoing oral and maxillofacial procedures? | Supine with arms tucked in at sides |
| Which of the following statements regarding arch bars is CORRECT? | They are thin, malleable bars with hooks facing up for maxilla and down for mandible. |
| Care must be taken when preauricular and submandibular incisions are made to protect which cranial nerve? | Seventh (VII) |
| Patients treated for Le Fort type fractures may have extensive scarring and change in facial characteristics. | True |
| What other role is the surgical technologist often required to fill during oral and maxillofacial procedures? | Assistant |
| The hard palate is the: | Roof of the mouth |
| Strands of wire used to attach arch bars to the upper and lower jaw should be prestretched and cut to which length? | 10 cm |
| Which bone contributes to the posterior and inferior portion of the nasal septum? | Vomer |
| Which teeth are located in the center front of the mouth? | Incisors |
| Which bones of the face form the prominences of the cheeks? | Zygomatic |
| How many craniofacial bones make up the orbit? | Seven |
| Which muscle attaches to the coronoid process of the ramus? | Temporalis |
| The mandible articulates with which part of the temporal bone to form the temporomandibular joint (TMJ)? | Glenoid fossa |
| Type of x-ray that shows on one film: alveolar processes, mandible, posterior maxillary sinuses, and zygomas | Panoramic |
| AP projection x-ray that shows the hard palate, nasal septum, orbital floor, and zygoma | Caldwell |
| Thickened ridge of bone that contains the sockets that bear the teeth of the upper and lower jaw | Alveolar process |
| Flat-topped teeth located posteriorly in the jaw, which break up food | Molars |
| Chief substance of teeth that is covered by enamel on the crown; harder than bone | Dentin |
| Portion of the tooth that contains blood vessels, nerves, and connective tissue | Pulp |
| Soft, fibrous tissue that is continuous with the periodontal ligament and surrounds teeth; also known as the gums | Gingiva |
| Angled retractor used for tongue and cheek retraction; shape is similar to a Harrington retractor | Weider |
| Any degree of irregular contact between the teeth of the upper and lower jaws; includes overbite or underbite | Malocclusion |
| Recession of the eyeball within the bony orbit; may be a result of orbital fracture | Enophthalmos |
| Which countable sponge is used in oral procedures to prevent bone or tooth fragments and other foreign matter from becoming lodged in the pharynx? | Throat pack |
| Which of the following is the MOST common type of midfacial fracture and is also known as a transmaxillary fracture? | Le Fort I |
| Odontectomy procedures are given a wound classification of Class II. | True |
| Which of the following may be used as permanent support on top of the orbital floor following fixation of fracture? | Silastic sheeting |
| Dental procedures require thorough cavity prepping due to possibility of surgical site infections. | False |
| Which of the following involves the highest portion of the midface and presents the most extensive damage? | Le Fort III |
| A closed ventilation system and special endotracheal tube may be used in maxillofacial procedures to reduce risk of: | Airway fire |
| Which of the following is NOT one of the three regions of a tooth? | Socket |
| Dental drills are always used to cut bone so that teeth can be extracted whole. | False |
| Which of the following must accompany the patient to the PACU who has undergone maxillomandibular fixation? | Wire cutters |
| What is the term for webbed digits of the hand or foot? | syndactyly |
| What is the term for the process of removing necrotic tissue or eschar prior to skin grafting? | Debridement |
| Which position should facial procedure patients maintain postoperatively to minimize edema? | Head elevated |
| Which term describes the thumb side of the hand? | Radial |
| Split-thickness skin grafts are used to cover which type of burned tissue? | denuded areas of third-degree burns |
| All of the following are locations for incision in augmentation mammoplasty EXCEPT: | Subclavicular |
| Which sterile device will be used during TRAM flap reconstruction to verify the blood supply of the graft remains intact? | Doppler probe |
| A patient scheduled for centralization of radial dysplasia would be about what age? | 12 months old |
| Which of the following bones make up the palm of the hand? | Metacarpals |
| Which anatomical area is a TRAM flap used to reconstruct? | Breast |
| Which type of suture would MOST likely be used during a cleft lip repair? | Fine absorbable |
| For which procedure would the surgeon require a sterile tattoo machine and inks? | Nipple reconstruction |
| Patients with cleft palates may have difficulty sucking, swallowing, or forming sounds. | True |
| Before closure in augmentation mammoplasty, what is done to verify correct size? | Temporary sizers are placed and filled with saline, and the table is raised to sitting position to evaluate appearance. |
| What does a mesh graft device do? | It expands the size of the skin graft. |
| Which muscles are tightened in an abdominoplasty procedure? | Rectus abdominis |
| Which of the following statements describing variations of polydactyly is NOT correct? | The condition mainly involves the carpal and metacarpal bones. |
| Vessel loops are available in all of the following colors EXCEPT: | Green |
| How would a transverse rectus abdominis musculocutaneous flap be classified? | Pedicle-flap graft |
| Which epidermal stratum is the outermost layer? | Corneum |
| The mandibular symphysis is better known as the: | Chin |
| A full-thickness skin graft may be taken from the inner thigh or labial fold to re-create which anatomic area? | Areola |
| Which of the following are oil-producing glands? | Sebaceous |
| Which of the following terms is more commonly referred to as a full face lift? | Rhytidectomy |
| Which type of incision is MOST frequently used to excise excess skin in a blepharoplasty procedure? | Elliptical |
| Which of the following terms means surgical fixation of joint, eventually resulting in intentional bone fusion? | Arthrodesis |
| The pinna, helix, crus, and tragus are all portions of the: | Ear |
| When would a congenital facial deformity likely occur? | First trimester |
| Under which muscle is the pocket for breast implant often created for greatest support? | Pectoralis major |
| Which of the following letters represents the incisional configuration MOST commonly used for scar revision procedures? | Z |
| For which procedure would the surgical technologist prepare a tumescent solution? | Liposuction |
| How many degree classifications of skin burns are there? | Four |
| Approximately how many muscles and their tendons control movement of the wrist, hand, and fingers? | 40 |
| Which of the following order of steps for replantation of a digit is CORRECT? | bones, tendons, vessels, then nerves |
| Which nerve passes through the carpal tunnel? | Median |
| What is the name of the oil that is secreted from glands in the skin? | Sebum |
| Which method of anesthesia is preferred for rhytidectomy procedures? | Monitored (MAC) |
| Abdominoplasty procedures cannot be performed on patients who have undergone cesarean sections, due to excessive adhesions in the lower abdomen. | False |
| For which procedure would the surgical technologist possibly need a second setup for obtaining a costal cartilage graft? | Otoplasty for microtia |
| Type of dressing used for frequent dressing changes and wound assessment; prevents excoriation from tape application and removal | Montgomery straps |
| Severe blood and fluid loss, making it difficult for the heart to pump; post-op complication of aggressive liposuctioning | Hypovolemia |
| Rapid side-to-side movement used for sharp dissection | Oscillating |
| Tissue transplanted from another person or cadaver | Heterograft |
| Distinct individual tissue layer | Stratum |
| Dead tissue that sloughs off of healthy skin | Eschar |
| Excoriated tissue; loss of intact coverings | Denuded |
| Type of procedure performed to improve appearance rather than to strictly treat a pathological condition | Aesthetic |
| Type of drape designed to encase and cover the hair of the head | Turban |
| Device used to measure distance between two opposite sides | Caliper |
| Which procedure is performed for dermachalasis? | Blepharoplasty |
| Crescent, Benelli, and Benelli-lollipop lifts are techniques used during: | Mastopexy |
| Why would two separate setups be required for an immediate reconstruction following mastectomy? | to prevent seeding of cancer cells if same instruments are used for both |
| Cheiloplasty and palatoplasty are corrective procedures for which of the following? | Cleft lip and palate |
| Which cosmetic procedure is performed for micrognathia? | Mentoplasty |
| In which degree of skin burn does the tissue appear as pearly white or charred and will likely require debridement of eschar? | Third |
| Plastic and reconstructive surgeries must be done only after an individual has stopped growing, due to potential changes in anatomy of younger patients. | False |
| Which type of scissors would most likely be used to trim a full-thickness skin graft (FTSG) to size? | Tenotomy |
| Which of the following is NOT a type of liposuction? | Electrosurgery |
| The dermis and epidermis are components of which body system? | Integumentary |
| Severed digits should be kept tightly covered and warm to prevent clot formation and necrosis, preventing replantation. | False |
| Which type of gland is found only in the ear canal and is responsible for creation of ear wax? | Ceruminous |
| Which of the following statements regarding routine prepping for skin graft procedures is CORRECT? | Donor site is prepped first and considered clean. |
| Which type of specialized retractor enhances visualization in many breast and abdominoplasty procedures? | Fiber-optic |
| Which glands are found only in the external genitalia and axillae? | Apocrine |
| The rule of nines is used in burn patients to estimate: | Body surface area burned |
| Which type of grafted tissue would have skin sensation preserved? | Pedicle flap |
| Breast ptosis is surgically corrected by: | Mastopexy |
| Any of the following may be used topically for hemostasis of the STSG donor site EXCEPT: | Mineral oil |
| Which term describes the palmar surface of the hand? | Volar |
| Which of the following might be used for stabilization in a Dupuytren’s contracture release if an assistant is unavailable? | Lead hand |
| “Cupid’s bow” is reconstructed in which of the following procedures? | Cleft lip repair |
| In which procedure would the procerus and corrugator muscles be ablated, avulsed, resected, or separated? | Endoscopic brow lift |
| What is the medical term for the congenital deformity commonly called “club hand”? | Radial dysplasia |
| What suturing technique would the surgeon use to attach tendons in a toe-to-thumb transfer procedure? | Figure of eight |
| Relaxation and hypertrophy of the eyelid skin is also known as: | Dermachalasis |
| Which cranial nerve must NOT be compromised by retractor placement during rhytidectomy? | Seventh (VII) |
| Which epidermal stratum is present only on the palms of hands and soles of feet? | Lucidum |
| Submalar augmentation is performed to address structural deficiency in the: | Cheeks |
| Anchor-shaped incisions with joining of tissue envelope folds are performed in which procedure? | Mastopexy |
| When incising the cranium between burr holes, what attachment to the powered craniotome is necessary to prevent injury of underlying tissues? | dural guard with footplate |
| Which of the following is used for scalp hemostasis and resembles a Crile or Kelly hemostat except the curve is to the side? | Dandy |
| What is the name of the dural fold that separates the right and left hemispheres of the cerebrum? | falx cerebri |
| Papaverine is used in craniotomy for aneurysm clipping to prevent: | vasospasm |
| Which anatomical structure is the soft, gelatinous part of the intervertebral disc, which is sent as specimen after diskectomy? | nucleus pulposus |
| Which of the following bilateral paired nerves are the largest in the body and innervate the buttocks and lower extremities? | sciatic |
| Penfield #1 through #5 are: | dissectors |
| Fiducials placed on bony landmarks are used in which type of neurosurgical procedure? | stereotactic guided-imagery biopsy |
| The visual cortex of the brain is located in which region? | occipital |
| The foramen magnum is the large opening at the base of the skull and site of irreversible brain stem herniation due to increased intracranial pressure. | True |
| What is the anatomical area where cerebrospinal fluid circulates over all parts of the central nervous system? | subarachnoid space |
| Which facial sinus is used for surgical approach to a pituitary adenoma rather than traditional craniotomy? | sphenoid |
| How many pairs of cranial nerves are there? | 12 |
| Which diagnostic study demonstrates a herniated disc causing spinal compression and radiographic filling defect? | myelogram |
| Which portion of the spinal column consists of five fused vertebrae in the average adult? | sacrum |
| What is the name of the dural fold that separates the cerebrum from the cerebellum and may be used to delineate surgical approach in reference to it? | tentorium |
| What is the name of the horseshoe or pin fixation device for neurosurgical cranial positioning? | Mayfield |
| What is the name of the group of spinal nerves that continue from the distal spinal cord at about L-2 in the average adult? | cauda equina |
| Which of the following layered structures has the closest and most intimate contact with the brain? | Pia |
| What is the name of the set of instruments used for anterior cervical diskectomy and fusion that includes retractors, spreaders, bone dowel cutters, impactors, and others? | Cloward |
| Posterior fossa craniectomy is performed for pathology involving the: | cerebellum |
| Which instrument is used to strip and separate the galea and pericranium from the skull before placement of burr holes? | Langenbeck periosteal elevator |
| How many vertebrae are there in the normal adult spine? | 33 |
| Which of the following are countable surgical sponges used in neurosurgical procedures to protect delicate tissues? | Cottonoid patties |
| What is the distal-most area of the spinal cord or spinal nerves called? | filum terminale |
| Which retractor has a proximal hook placed in the wound and a distal hook for attachment of a weight or sandbag using a sterile Kerlix roll for suspension? | Taylor |
| The instrument called a Kerrison is a(n): | rongeur |
| Into which anatomical structure or area is the distal catheter most often inserted in a V-P shunt procedure? | peritoneal cavity |
| Which anatomical structure is the tough band that encases the intervertebral disc material? | annulus fibrosis |
| What is the name of the structure on which the pituitary gland sits? | sella turcica |
| In which procedure are the esophagus, carotid artery, and trachea retracted medially for access to the area of pathology? | anterior cervical diskectomy and fusion |
| Monro, Sylvius, Magendie, and Luschka are: | aqueducts and foramina |
| What part of the body is prepped for ulnar nerve decompression or transposition? | upper extremity |
| For which surgical procedure would petroleum gauze nasal packing be used as part of the dressing? | transsphenoidal hypophysectomy |
| What is the largest part of the human brain? | cerebrum |
| Where do most intracranial aneurysms occur? | arterial bifurcations |
| What is the name of the structure that produces cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)? | choroid plexus |
| All of the following are examples of congenital anomalies EXCEPT: | herniated nucleus pulposus |
| What is the term for a deep groove in the cerebrum that separates the brain into lobes? | fissure |
| Which of the following is a radiographic diagnostic procedure performed for suspected aneurysm near the circle of Willis? | cerebral angiogram |
| From which area is an autologous bone graft usually procured for anterior cervical fusion procedures? | iliac crest |
| Which part of the vertebra projects most posteriorly and is often palpable through the skin in the convex areas of the spine? | spinous process |
| Osteophytes are: | bony spurs |
| What is another name for the first cervical vertebra (C-1)? | atlas |
| Which approach is MOST desirable for treatment of herniated cervical disc with subsequent intervertebral fusion? | Anterior medial |
| Which of the following results most often from skull trauma over the middle meningeal artery with symptoms progressing to brain-stem herniation if not treated? | epidural hematoma |
| Which of the following is a primary benign tumor that arises from the protective coverings of the brain? | meningioma |
| Disease of the spinal nerve roots that results in pain, numbness, tingling, or weakness of the extremities | Radiculopathy |
| Irrigation and aspiration instrument that uses variable ultrasonic energy to remove tumor tissue without disrupting normal structures | CUSA |
| Mode of electrosurgical energy frequently used for thermal hemostasis in and around delicate neural structures | Bipolar |
| Surgical method of using three-dimensional plotting for guidance to biopsy or excise pathology with least amount of collateral damage | Stereotaxis |
| Most primitive part of the central nervous system; responsible for basic vital life functions | Brain stem |
| Infection of central nervous system tissue via direct injury or remote circulatory transfer; may require surgical excision | Brain abscess |
| Mechanism of supplying of oxygen to an area of an organ when the normal perfusion has been interrupted; example is circle of Willis | Collateral flow |
| Inability to move the lower part of the body due to spinal trauma, disease, or disorder | Paraplegia |
| Generation of heat during a chemical reaction; example is result of mixing powder and liquid to create polymethyl methacrylate | Exothermic |
| Cannulated instrument designed to provide passage for distal catheter in V-P or V-A shunt procedures | Tunneler |
| Herniated nucleus pulposus is a congenital disorder that must be treated surgically in the neonate to prevent quadriplegia. | False |
| The skull flap can be reattached to the cranium by small titanium plates and screws or with stainless steel wire. | True |
| Which of the following is the lowest part of the brain stem and contiguous with the spinal cord? | medulla oblongata |
| Wilson, Andrews, and Hall frames are examples of positioning devices used for: | lumbar hemilaminotomy |
| What is the name of the measuring device used to assess intraventricular pressure? | Manometer |
| The surgical technologist may have up to three separate setups in a transsphenoidal hypophysectomy procedure: nasal access, tumor excision, and fascial graft. | True |
| Which surgical procedure treats compression of the median nerve by a transverse ligament? | carpal tunnel release |
| Which instrument could be used for burr-hole cranial perforation if no powered equipment is available? | Hudson brace |
| Which of the following is a result of torn bridging veins between the cerebral cortex and venous sinuses? | subdural hematoma |
| Which portion of the normal spinal column has five (5) vertebrae? | Lumbar |
| Which of the following neurosurgical retractors has attachments for malleable brain spatulas and retractors? | Leyla-Yasargil |
| Which position is usually used for microdecompression endoscopic diskectomy? | Lateral |
| Craniosynostosis is a congenital defect involving: | premature cranial suture closure |
| Carpal tunnel syndrome is treated by: | incising the transverse carpal ligament to decompress the nerve |
| The circle of Willis is a: | network of connected arteries at the base of the brain |
| What is the name of the outfolding convolutions of the brain? | Gyri |
| Special attention must be taken during application and removal of the Mayfield cranial fixation device due to the removal of the OR table head piece. | True |
| Which instrument is used to extract pieces of the nucleus pulposus in a diskectomy? | pituitary rongeur |
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