Molecular Genetics Word Scramble

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Word	Definition
DNA Replication	Process in which chromosomal DNA is copied before mitosis or meiosis.
Double Helix	Shape of DNA molecule formed when two twisted DNA strands are coiled into a springlike structure and held together by hydrogen bonds between the bases.
Nitrogen Base	Carbon ring structure found in the DNA and RNA that contains one or more atoms of nitrogen includes adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine, and uracil.
Codon	Set of three nitrogenous bases that represents an amino acid; order of nitrogenous bases in mRNA determines the type and order of amino acids in a protein.
mRNA	RNA that transports information from DNA in the nucleus to the cells cytoplasm.
rRNA	RNA that makes up the ribosomes; clamps onto mRNA and uses its information to assemble amino acids in the correct order.
Transcription	Process in the cell nucleus where enzymes make and RNA copy of a DNA strand.
tRNA	RNA that transports amino acids to the ribosomes to be assembled into proteins.
Translation	Process of converting information in mRNA into a sequence of amino acids in a protein.
Chromosomal Mutation	Mutation that occurs at the chromosome level resulting in changes in the gene distribution to gametes during meiosis; caused when parts of the chromosome start to break off or rejoin incorrectly
Frameshift Mutation	Mutation that occurs when a single base is added or deleted from DNA; causes a shift in the reading of codons by one base.
Mutagen	Any agent that can cause a change in DNA; includes high-energy radiation, chemicals, or high temperatures.
Mutation	Any change or random error in DNA sequence.
Point Mutation	Mutation in DNA sequence; occurs from a change in a single base pair.
Clone	Genetically identical copies of an organism or gene.
Gene Splicing	In recombination DNA technology, the rejoining of DNA fragments by vectors and other enzymes.
Genetic Engineering	Method of cutting DNA from one organism and inserting the DNA fragment into a host organism from the same or different organism.
Frameshift Mutation	Mutation that occurs when a single

Created by: dtierney1914