Bio Final Word Scramble

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Question	Answer
What type of cells make up about 90% of the alveolar surface?	Type I pneumocytes
Which of the following increases the rate of gas exchange across the respiratory membrane?	increased surface area of the respiratory membrane
What is the function of the nasal conchae?	increases turbulence and surface area for cleaning, warming and moisturizing the air
When the inspiratory muscles contract,	thoracic volume increases.
Arrange the following structures in the order air passes through them during inhalation: (1) alveolar ducts (2) alveolus (3) respiratory bronchiole (4) terminal bronchiole	4, 3, 1, 2
Which of the following is NOT part of the respiratory membrane?	thick layer of mucus lining the alveolus
For air to flow into or out of the lungs, there must be	a pressure gradient established between the atmosphere and the alveoli.
What is the function of the ciliated epithelium of the tracheobronchial tree?	a mucus-cilia escalator
As the result of an asthmatic attack,	ventilation is inadequate to oxygenate blood.
Oxygen is transported in the blood	dissolved in the plasma and bound to hemoglobin.
Which of the following statements concerning the larynx is correct?	When the glottis closes, air is prevented from leaving the lungs.
Gas exchange between the air in the lungs and the blood takes place in the	alveoli.
Expiration during quiet breathing	occurs when the diaphragm and external intercostal muscles relax
The serous membranes that surround the lungs are called the	pleural membranes.
Internal respiration refers to	gas exchange between the blood and body tissues.
What type of alveolar cells produce surfactant?	Type II pneumocytes
Which of the following functions is associated with the nose?	warming the air and producing mucus to trap debris from the air
The respiratory zone of the tracheobronchial tree includes which of the following?	alveoli
The olfactory epithelium responsible for the sense of smell is located in the	roof of the nasal cavity.
Oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged across the respiratory membrane by the process of	diffusion.
What factors are responsible for the decrease in the volume of the alveoli?	lung recoil and surface tension of water
Which of the following is part of the upper respiratory tract?	pharynx
The trachea	has "C" shaped cartilages that form its anterior and lateral sides.
Which of the following respiratory membrane layers is closest to air in the alveolus	alveolar fluid (with surfactant)
What occurs at the respiratory membrane?	gas exchange between the air and blood takes place
From largest to smallest, the correct sequence for the following passageways is	bronchi, bronchioles, terminal bronchioles, respiratory bronchioles, alveoli.
Ventilation refers to the	movement of air into and out of the lungs.
Contraction of the _______ will increase the superior-inferior dimension of the thoracic cavity.	diaphragm
During swallowing, the opening into the larynx is covered by the	epiglottis.
Air in the pleural cavity is called	a pneumothorax.
Surfactant facilitates alveolar ventilation by	decreasing the surface tension between water molecules on the lining of the alveoli.
Which of the following will cause a decrease in the surface area of the respiratory membrane?	emphysema
Physiological dead air space is anatomic dead space plus	the volume of any alveoli where gas exchange is diminished
Which of the following statements regarding the lungs is correct?	The left lung contains two lobes while the right lung contains three lobes.
External respiration refers to	gas exchange between the lungs and the blood
A molecule of air enters the nose through the external nares. Which of the following is the correct pathway to the trachea?	nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea
which of the following is a passageway for both air and food?	pharynx
The chemosensitive area of the brain is located in the	medulla oblongata.
Which of the following is NOT a function of the pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium of the nasal cavity?	exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide
When these ligaments or folds come together, they prevent food from entering the lower respiratory tract.	vocal folds and vestibular folds
A protective function of the respiratory system would be	preventing microorganisms from entering the body
Which of the following muscles increases the volume of the thorax during a normal inhalation? (1) diaphragm (2) external intercostals (3) internal intercostals (4) rectus abdominis	1, 2
The diameter of bronchioles can change because their walls contain	smooth muscle.
The walls of the alveoli	are composed of simple squamous epithelium.
Hemoglobin that has oxygen attached is called	oxyhemoglobin.
Each lobe of each lung is supplied by a	secondary bronchus.
When carbon dioxide levels in the blood increase, the	blood becomes more acidic.
An obstruction in the afferent arteriole would reduce the flow of blood into the	glomerulus.
The portion of the nephron that empties into the collecting duct is the	distal convoluted tubule.
The ureter expands into the substance of the kidney as the	renal pelvis.
Aldosterone from the adrenal cortex causes sodium ions to be	conserved and water to be conserved.
The amount of filtrate produced per minute is called the	glomerular filtration rate.
A by-product of amino acid catabolism in the liver is	urea.
The detrusor muscle is in the	urinary bladder.
What percent of filtrate becomes urine?	less than 1
The active transport of substances into the filtrate is called tubular	secretion
Urine is carried from the kidneys to the urinary bladder by the	ureter.
The portion of the kidney that is composed of cone-shaped renal pyramids is called the	medulla.
The composition of glomerular filtrate differs from that of plasma by including	the same substances as plasma except for larger protein molecules.
The collecting duct becomes more permeable to water when	ADH production increases.
One feature of renal blood circulation that makes it unique is that	each nephron has at least two capillary networks.
The urinary bladder	stores urine until it is voided.
Cortical tissue located between the pyramids is called the	renal columns.
The ________ is the tube that conveys urine outside the body.	urethra
When sodium ions are reabsorbed through the wall of the renal tubule by active transport, chloride ions are	reabsorbed by passive transport.
As ADH production declines,	the urine volume increases
The tip of each renal pyramid is called	a renal papilla.
Arrange the following structures in correct sequence: (1) ureter (2) renal pelvis (3) calyx (4) urinary bladder (5) urethra	3, 2, 1, 4, 5
At the rate of 125 ml of filtrate/minute, estimate the amount of filtrate formed in 24 hours.	180 liters
The juxtamedullary nephrons	have long loops of Henle.
Which of the following is NOT part of a nephron?	collecting duct
Blood vessels, nerves, and the ureter enter and leave the kidney at the	hilum.
Skeletal muscle that surrounds the urethra as it extends through the pelvic floor forms the	external urinary sphincter
The structural and functional units of the kidney are called	nephrons.
The trigone is	a triangular area on the floor of the urinary bladder.
Water reabsorption by the renal tubules uses	osmosis.
Which of the following correctly lists the order of structures through which urine flows after its formation in the nephron	calyx, renal pelvis, ureter, urinary bladder, urethra
When the concentration of water in body fluids increases, the secretion of ADH increases.	false
What type of cells form the proximal convoluted tubule?	simple cuboidal epithelium with microvilli
Urine formation involves	filtration of the plasma, reabsorption from the filtrate, and the secretion into the filtrate.
Plasma contains a much greater concentration of _____ than the glomerular filtrate.	protein
The network of capillaries that is located in Bowman's capsule is called the	glomerulus.
Formation of filtrate depends on a	pressure gradient.
The renal corpuscle consists of	the glomerulus and Bowman's capsule.
Most water is reabsorbed from the filtrate in the	proximal convoluted tubule

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