AP Psych Chap 3 HHS Word Scramble
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Question | Answer |
A brain area associated with movement, the sense of smell, and higher mental functions | Front Lobes |
The neurotransmitter released by neurons to activate muscles | Acetylcholine |
Positron emission tomography; a computer-generated image of brain activity based on glucose consumption in the brain | PET scan |
A branch of the autonomic system responsible for arousing and activating the body at times of stress | Sympathetic branch |
A hormone produced by the pineal gland in response to cycles of light and dark | Melatonin |
Brain chemicals that regulate the activity of neurons, thereby influencing memory, emotion, pain, hunger, and other behavior | Neuropeptides |
An adrenal hormone that tends to arouse the body; associated with fear; also known as adrenaline | Epinephrine |
An area on the brainstem that acts as a bridge between the medulla and other structures | Pons |
Branching fibers at the ends of axons | Axon terminals |
Glands whose secretions pass directly into the blood stream or lymph system | Endocrine system |
The layer of tissue that forms the outer layer and surface of the cerebrum; responsible for basic sensory and motor functions as well as higher mental processes in humans | Cerebral cortex |
The two large hemispheres that cover the upper part of the brain | Cerebrum |
A device designed to detect, amplify, and record electrical activity in the brain | Electroencephalograph (EEG) |
Use of an electrode to destroy small areas deep within the brain | Deep lesioning |
All parts of the nervous system outside of the brain and spinal cord | Peripheral nervous system (PNS) |
The point at which a nerve impulse is triggered | Threshold |
Computed tomography scan; a computer enhanced X-ray image of the brain or body | CT scan |
Magnetic resonance imaging that records brain activity | fMRI scan |
A hormone, secreted by the pituitary gland, that promotes bodily growth | Growth hormone |
Major nerves that leave the brain without passing through the spinal cord | Cranial nerves |
An inability to grasp the meaning of stimuli, such as words, objects, or pictures; an inability to recognize familiar faces | Agnosia (facial agnosia) |
A speech disturbance resulting from brain damage | Aphasia |
All areas of the cerebral cortex that are not primarily sensory or motor in function | Association cortex |
The system of nerves carrying information to and from the internal organs and glands | Autonomic system |
Fiber that carries information away from the cell body of a neuron | Axon |
The brain and spinal cord | Central nervous system (CNS) |
The bundle of fibers connecting the cerebral hemispheres | Corpus callosum |
A branch of the autonomic nervous system that quiets the body | Parasympathetic branch |
The nerve impulse, which is a rapid change in electrical charge across the cell membrane | Action potential |
All brain structures below the cerebral cortex | Subcortex |
A layer of living cells that encases the axons of some neurons | Neurilemma |
The simplest behavior pattern; involving only three neurons, leads from a stimulus to an autonomic response, such as an eye blink or knee jerk | Reflex arc |
The electrical charge that exists between the inside and outside of a neuron at rest | Resting potential |
A part of the reticular formation that activates the cerebral cortex | Reticular activating system |
Sensory - A nerve cell that carries information from the senses toward the central nervous system | Sensory neuron |
The system of nerves linking the spinal cord with the body and sense organs | Somatic system |
The part of the parietal lobes that serves as a receiving area for bodily sensations | Somatosensory area |
The main body of a neuron or other cell | Soma |
One of 62 major nerves that channel sensory and motor information in and out of the spinal cord | Spinal nerves |
Cutting the corpus callosum | Split brain |
The lowest portions of the brain, including the cerebellum, medulla, and reticular formation | Brainstem |
Channels through the axon membrane | Ion channels |
A system of interconnected structures in the forebrain that are closely associated with emotional response | Limbic system |
The right and left (hemispheres) halves of the cerebrum | Cerebral hemispheres |
The microscopic space between an axon terminal and another neuron, over which neurotransmitters pass | Synapse |
Opiate-like brain chemicals that regulate reactions to pain and stress | Enkephalins |
A nerve cell that serves as a link between two others | Connector neuron |
Fibers projecting from nerve cells that receive information from other neurons and carry it to the cell body | Dendrites |
A class of chemicals produced by the pituitary gland that are similar in structure and painkilling effect to opiate drugs such as morphine | Endorphins |
Any of a number of chemical substances secreted by neurons that alter activity in other neurons | Neurotransmitter |
Areas on the surface of neurons and other cells that are sensitive to neurotransmitters or hormones | Receptor sites |
Individual nerve cells | Neuron |
A bundle of neuron fibers | Nerve |
Endocrine glands whose hormones arouse the body, regulate salt balance, adjust the body to stress, and affect sexual functioning | Adrenal glands |
Endocrine gland whose hormones help regulate metabolism (the production and expenditure of energy within the body) | Thyroid gland |
A small area at the base of the brain that regulates many aspects of motivation and emotion; especially hunger, thirst and sexual behavior | Hypothalamus |
A structure at the center of the brain that relays sensory information to the cerebral cortex | Thalamus |
A network of fibers within the medulla associated with attention, alertness, and activation of higher mental processes | Reticular formation |
The outer layer of the adrenal glands; produce hormones that affect salt intake, reactions to stress, and sexual development | Adrenal cortex |
The inner core of the adrenal glands; a source of epinephrine and norepinephrine | Adrenal medulla |
Cells and muscles and glands specialized for the production of responses | Effector cells |
Area at the top of the brain that includes sites where bodily sensations register in the brain | Parietal lobes |
The master gland at the base of the brain whose hormones influence the output of other endocrine glands | Pituitary gland |
A nerve cell that carries motor commands from the CNS to muscles and glands | Motor neuron |
Magnetic resonance imaging; a computer-enhanced three-dimensional representation of the brain or body based on the body's response to a magnetic field | MRI scan |
A fatty layer coating some axons | Myelin |
A drop in electrical charge below the resting potential | Negative after-potential |
A glandular secretion that affects bodily functions or behavior | Hormone |
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