Radiation Biology Word Scramble

Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.

Normal Size Small Size show me how

Question	Answer
TD 5/5 indicates the dose required to cause a 5% chance of injury to people irradiated within _______ following exposure.	5 years
LD 50/30 indicates the dose likely to cause death in 50% of the population within _________ following exposure.	30 days
The TD 5/5 for the whole kidney using standard fractionation is approximately:	23 Gy
The TD 5/5 for the whole brain using standard fractionation is approx.:	50 Gy
The period of organogenesis normally occurs during the _______ weeks of fetal development:	2-8th
The radiosensitivity in tissue may be enhanced by	increasing the dose given
The phase of cellular division most resistant to radiation is the	S phase- dna synthesis
The immediate symptoms that appear after an acute radiation exposure are called	prodromal symptoms
The law of Bergonie and Tribondeau states that ionizing radiation is more effective against cells that are	actively mitotic, undifferentiated, have a long mitotic future
The development of a radiation-induced cancer is known as a	stochastic effect
Nausea is associated with the ______________ syndrom	prodromal
radiation interacts with tissue	uniformly
The _____ describes the relative response to radiation in the presence or absence of oxygen.	OER
Cells are most sensitive during the ____________ phase of division	M
The fraction of cells actually progressing through cycles of division is known as the __________ fraction	surviving
The period over which radiation is delivered is referred to as the	fractionation
Erythematous skin reactions during fractionated radiation therapy are seen as a result of	vascular dilation in the area
Epilation may initially be observed in patients receiving radiation under standard fractionation schemes at an approximate dose of	15 Gy
The production of free radicals most often occurs from the irradiation of	water
Protracted or fractionated dose are better tolerated by tissue than single doses because	tissue repair occurs between exposures
Which of the following is an effect of radiation on DNA?	cross-linking
As the dose of radiation increases	tissue recovery time decreases
In linear or nonlinear threshold dose-response curves, the following is true of the response	response is proportional to dose
radiation sickness symptoms associated with the reduced number of leukocytes is a major characteristic of	hematopoietic syndrome
the average energy deposited per unit of path length to a medium ionizing radiation as it passes through that medium best describes	linear energy transfer (LET)
the most radiosensitive tissue group among the following is the	alimentary tract
the four Rs of radiation biology are	Reoxygenation, repopulation, redistribution, repair
the whole body syndrome most likely to be observed following a single dose of 1-10 Gy is the	hematopoietic syndrome
which of the following would be stochastic or late radiation response?	lung cancer
which of the following is more accurate representation of cell radiosensitivity?	Do: the small the Do the more radiosensitive
the standard radiation used to determine RBE is	250 keV xray
the central nervouse system syndrome may be observed in those exposed to single whole body doses of	5000 cGy
without medical intervention, a person exposed to a single whole body dose of _______ may die within 10 days	10 Gy
normal tissue healing following radiation occurs by	regeneration and repair
irradiation of the salivary glands may lead to permanent xerostomia above doses of ______using the typical 2 Gy per tx, 5 tx's per week fractionation scheme.	40 Gy
exceeding the TD 50/5 for the spinal cord may lead to	myelitis necrosis
tissue injury _______ as the volume of tissue irradiated increases.	increases
the TD 5/5 for the colon is ______ than the TD 50/5 for the colon	lower
the TD 5/5 is _______ for immature bone than for mature bone	lower
the TD 5/5 is ________ for bone marrow irradiation in a single dose than in fractionated doses.	lower
an anticipated response to radiation dose above 55 Gy to the colon is	fistula
the TD 5/5 for the ovary is _________ than the TD 5/5 for the lung	lower
Regarding nonstochastic effects, they are:	the effects are never seen in the future generations, the severity of effects is related to dose
the most radiosensitive tissue group is: central nervous, alimentary tract, lens, urinary	lens
the part of the cell between the membrane and the nucleus is known as the	cytoplasm
the effect of radiation on tissue is influenced by	radiation type, fractionation, volume of tissue irradiated, total dose
the primary function of the cell nucleus is	housing DNA and RNA
The physical or mechanical restoration of damaged tissue	repair
Grade 1 toxicity for the skin caused by depopulation of clonogenic cells in the epidermis	desquamation
division of total dose into smaller doses given at intervals	fractionation
acronym for average energy deposited per unit of path length	LET
liberated constituent of a molecule	free radical
the occupational dose limit for deterministic effects to the lens of the eye is lower than the limit for the skin because	the lens has a greater sensitivity to radiation than the skin
the main objectives of radiation protection include	prevention of radiation-induced stochastic effects
a grade 1 morbidity score for the colon would indicate	change in frequency or bowel habits
a grade 3 morbidity score for the skin would indicate	confluent moist desquamation
the onset dose for wet desquamation during standard fractionation is	40 Gy
somatic effects are	the effects limited to the exposed individual
conventional fractionation was based on experiments performed to	sterilize rams
the cardinal sins of tissue injury include	redness, swelling, heat, pain
regarding the tolerance of tissue, as the volume irradiated increases	the tolerance dose decreases
lethal damage	is irreparable and leads to cell death
At doses above ________ Gy, you may see latent stricture in the esophagus during standard fractionation	60
Ionizing radiation can disrupt chemical ______ in important biologic materials	bonds
Which of the following is not a nitrogenous base found in DNA	phosphene
the structure of DNA is referred to as a	double helix
somatic cellular division takes place through the process of	mitosis
which phase of the cell cycle occurs between the 2 gap phases, G1 and G2	synthesis, S phase
the steps of cellular division in proper order are?	G1, S, G2, M
a cell survival curve	usually has a shoulder and straight portion
high LET radiation usually has	high RBE
which dose effect curve implies that if radiation dose is doubled, the biologic effect will be doubled	linear
when radiation exposure is fractionated	the biologic effect is lessened
cellular growth and development is called	proliferation
the key target in the human cell is the	DNA
cells are about _____ water	85%
on the cell survival curve, the "n" number denotes the	extrapolation number
radiation would have less effect on a cell if given	over a long period of time

Created by: shelbybrynngomez