biology 12 13 14 rev Word Scramble

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Question	Answer
thymine dimers	pair of abnormally chemically bonded adjacent bases in dna resulting from damage by UV
P53 gene	tumor suppressor gene more frequently mutated in human cancers than any gene
eukaryote	wrapped around histone molecules to form beaded string
onogene	gene that in certain circumstances can transform a cell into a tumor cell
mutagens and carcinogens	associated with induced mutations
frameshift mutation	deletion of one base pair that alters the sequence of codons
posttranscriptional control	level of genetic control that involves the processing of early rna transcripts to mrna and the rate at which mrna leaves the nucleus
transcriptional control	most critical level of eukaryotic control
xenotransplantation	any procedure that involves the transplantation, implantation, or infusion into a human
gene cloning	accomplished by recombinant dna technology and polymerse chain reactions
The introduction of normal genes into an afflicted individual for therapeutic use is called	gene therapy
bioformatics, proteomics, genomics	field of study would scientists predict a protein and three-dimensional shape and how DNA mutations would affect protein function.
5 codon sequences	the number of codon sequences it would require to produce the following amino acid sequence: alanine - proline - serine - isoleucine - stop.
anticodon	group of bases on trna that is complementary to a specific mrna codon
what takes place during translation	attatchment of ribosome to mrna, binding of 2 trna molecules per ribosome (NOT PRODUCTION OF MRNA)
dna	unknown chemical is analyzed and found to conain the bases thymine and guanine
If one strand of DNA has the base sequence AAGCAA, the complementary sequence is?	TTCGTT (a)
sequence of events in translation	initiation, elongation, termination
During DNA replication, which enzyme catalyzes the elongation of new DNA by adding, to the 3' end of the previous nucleotide, new nucleotides that are complementary to a DNA template?	dna polymerse
nucleotides contain what	pphosphate group, sugar, nitrogen base (NOT HISTONES)
In the Watson and Crick model of DNA, the steps of the ladder are composed of ?	a purine and pyrimidine
What isthe universal regulatory mechanism in eukaryotes for controlling gene expression?	all are used (control of genes, mrna, and processing of mrna and polypeptides)
Active genes in eukaryotic cells are associated with what other material?	euchromatin (loosly packed chromatin)
What is the series of events associated with the formation of cancer?	The proto-oncogenes mutate and become oncogenes which are continuously active. There is also an associated loss of tumor suppressor gene activity allowing uncontrolled growth of cells.
Describe xeroderma pigmentosum.	inherited condition characterized by an extreme sensitivity to ultraviolet (UV) rays
Describe androgen insensitivity	rare condition that affects the development of a child's genitals and reproductive organs.
Define point mutations	change to one or more nucleotides in dna
how does gene therapy work	transfer of a specific genetic material (usually DNA) into a patient to treat a particular disease
It is estimated that humans have approximately ______ base pairs in our genome.	3 billion
transgenic organism	been modified with genetic material from anoter species
polymerase chain reaction	used to replicate a fragment of dna and produce large amount of that sequence
proteomics	study of protein
bioinformatics	science of collecting and analyzing comple bio data
genomics	study of genes
If a DNA sample contains 13% adenine, what percentage of the sample contains cytosine?	37%
success rate of animal cloning	very low (1-3%)
When bone marrow stem cells are removed from the patient, infected with a virus that carries a normal gene, and returned to the patient, this is an example of ?	ex vivo gene therapy
gene pharming	use of transgenic farm animals to produce pharmicudicals
transgenic bacteria	have been given suicide genes that cause them to self-destruct when the job for which they are engineered has been accomplished.

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