Stack #256539 Word Scramble
|
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
| Question | Answers |
| a/A ratio | PaO2/PAO2 norm is 90%, >35%=weaning, reflects efficiency of oxygenation as a percentage, <74%=shunt, V/Q mismatch or diffusion defect |
| A-aDo2 | A-a gradient, norm 5-10 mmHg on .21, 30-60 on 100%, >350=mech support, <350 weaning. Represents potential to Oxygenate vs. the amount of O2 in the artery. Every 50mmHg is approx. 2 percent shunt above norm of 2-5% |
| Alveolar Air Equation | (pb-47)FIO2-(PaCO2x1.25), norm 80-100mmHg (can reach 675 on 100%), press of O2 in the Alveoli at any given Pb, represents potential for arterial oxygen |
| BP | norm 120/80 (90-140/60-90), <90/60 or >180/110 is inconsistent with weaning |
| CaO2 | norm 16-20 vol% (Hbx1.34)SaO2 + (PaO2x.003) total amount of O2 carried in 100ml of blood, combined content of O2 carried on Hb and dissolved in plasma, (can be reduced by <Hb, anemia or <CO) |
| CcO2 | Content of pulm capillary blood oxygen at 100% FIO2, (Hbx1.34)1 + (PAO2x.003) used in shunt equation |
| CD | dynamic compliance, aka CLdyn, norm is 0.03-0.04L/cmH2O (30-40mL/cmH20), calc is Vt(L)/(PIP-PEEP) Changes in CD indicate changes in CL or elastance. Up with decreased elasticity (emphysema, down with with stiff (ARDS). |
| CI | cardiac index, 2.5-4 L/min, <2.1 inconsistent with weaning |
| Cs (CVAE) | static compliance, norm for vent pt is .035-.055L/cmH20 or 35-55mL/cmH20, calc is Vt/(Pplat-PEEP), represents the combination of lung elasticity and chest wall recoil while on vent. Down with stiff lungs, >35ml/cnH2O weaning |
| *Ct | Tube compliance aka compressible volume, volume lost to pt circuit, approx 3ml/cmH20 x PIP, deduct from VT to find actual delivered tidal volume. VT-(PIP x 3) equals actual VT. |
| CvO2 | (Hb x 1.34)SvO2 + (PvO2 x .003) norm is 15 vol%, represents the value of O2 in blood returning to the right side of the heart after tissues have oxygenated. |
| CVP | central venous pressure, norm 2-6 mmHg, 2-6 weaning |
| Deadspace | ventilation in excess of perfusion (pulm emboli) |
| DO2 | O2 Delivery, (CaO2 x CO) x 10, norm is 1000mL/O2/min |
| FIO2 for weaning | <40-50% weaning |
| Flow | (VT/IT) x 60 or VE x (I+E) |
| Flow required for a 1 second I-time and a VT of 750cc? | .750 equals L/sec x 1 or .750L/sec flow. To convert to L/min .750 x 60 equals 45L/m, this is the vent flow setting to deliver a VT in 1 second I-time. |
| Hb | 12-16 g/100ml of blood, (no anemia or >10g for weaning) |
| HCO3 | 22-26 torr |
| HCT | 40-50% |
| HR | norm 60-80, 60-120 weaning |
| I:E ratios/% | 1:2=33%, 1:3=25%, 1:4=20% (add the ratio parts, then figure what percent is the sum of the parts, 1+4 is 5 and 1/5 of 100% is 20%) |
| IBW F | 105+5/lb over 60" |
| IBW M | 106+6/lb over 60" |
| I-time | represents relationship for volume (Liters), flow (L/sec) and time (seconds). V eq F x T or F eq V/T |
| Low press on vent | look for leak, cuff or humidifier will be first place |
| Magic Box | TIIVR+TIVER, FRC=TIIVR=TLC, IRV, IC, VC, RV, + TIVER, FRC=TLC, IRV, VT, ERV, RV, FRC |
| MAP | Mean arterial pressure, norm 90 (80-100), 70-130 weaning |
| MIP/NIF | Max Inspiratory Press, norm -80 - -100, > -20 support indicated, <-20 weaning (remember that negative numbers are larger as they become less, -25 < -20) |
| PaCO2 | 35-45 torr, >55 indicates support, <50 weaning |
| PaCO2 to increase with pt on mech vent | <PIP, <RR, >PEEP |
| PaCO2(d) | CO2 desired, CO2 is adjusted by changing Resp rate so (VExCO2)/CO2d=VEd or (RRset x CO2)/CO2d=RRd, always round down and go slightly acidic as tissue will oxygenate better. |
| PaCO2-to decrease with pt on mech vent | >PIP, >RR, <PEEP |
| PaO2 | 80-100 torr, >60 mmHg on <60% weaning |
| PaO2 <80 on FIO2 <60 | V/Q mismatch |
| PaO2 <80 on FIO2 >60 | shunt, refractory hypoxemia or venous admixture |
| PaO2 desired | PaO2 (desired) x FIO2 (current)/PaO2 (current)=FIO2 required to bring PaO2 to desired level. Example of pt on 40% FIO2, PaO2 of 53 and wanting PaO2 of 80, calc is (80x.4)/53 equals .60, so increase FIO2 to 60% |
| PaO2/FIO2 | PaO2/FIO2, norm 350-450mmHg, <300 indicates acute lung injury, <200 indicates ARDS, >200=weaning, measures o2 efficiency |
| PaO2-to decrease while pt on mech vent | <PIP, <RR, <PEEP, or <FIO2 |
| PaO2-to increase while pt on mech vent | >PIP, >RR, >PEEP, or >FIO2 |
| PAP | pulmonary artery pressure, norm 25/10 (20-35/5-15), >35/15 is inconsistent with weaning, pulm hypertension, left vent fail, fluid overload |
| PCWP | pulmonary artery wedge pressure, norm 5-10 mmHg, >18 is inconsistent with weaning, left vent failure, fluid overload |
| PEEP | positive end expiratory pressure above baseline of 0, norm 3-5 (5-8/ARDS) |
| PH | Norm 7.35-7.45, <7.20 indicates support, >7.35 weaning |
| PIP | Peak pressure, norm is <50cmH2O, the press required to overcome both compliance and resistance |
| PvO2 | 40 torr |
| QS/QT | Pulmonary Shunt equation (CcO2-CaO2)/(CcO2-CvO2) Norm 2-3%, >20% vent indication, <20% weaning, >30% is life threatening. Measures % of QT not exposed to ventilation, shunts caused by atelectasis, edema, pneumonia, pneumothorax, obstructions |
| QT | cardiac output, norm 5L/min (4-8) |
| RAW (RIAF) | Airway Resistance norm is 5-12cmH2O/L/Sec for intubated pt, (PIP-Pplat)/(flow in min/60 sec). Increase in RAW reflects an issue with airways, bronchospasm, secretions, edema etc. |
| Refractory hypoxemia | hypoxemia that does not respond to O2 therapy |
| RR | respiratory rate, norm 12-20, >35 indicates support, 6-30 weaning |
| RSBI | Rapid shallow breathing index, RR/VT, <105 weaning, must be calculated during spont breathing, press support reduces predictive value |
| RV | Residual Volume 1.2 L |
| SaO2 | 97-100% |
| Shunt | perfusion in excess of ventilation |
| SvO2 | 75vol% |
| TC | Time constant, (Raw x CS)e, where e represents volume exhaled as a percent, 1 is 63%, 2 is 86%, 3 is 95% and 5 is 100% exhaled. TC <3 leads to air trapping. |
| TCT | total cycle time, 60 sec/RRset, amount of time for a single breath cycle both I and E. If I:E is 1:2 then TCT is 3 |
| TLC | total lung capacity 6L |
| VA | Alveolar ventilation, (VT-VD) x RR, represents sum of breaths taking place in gas exchange, norm 4-5 L/min |
| VC | Vital capacity, 65-75 mL/kg, <10mL/kg indicates support, >15 mL/kg for weaning |
| VD | Deadspace volume, VD=(VT-VA), norm is 33% of VE, 1 mL/lb IBW or 2.2mL/kg (approx 150 ml) |
| VD/VT Ratio | Deadspace to VT ratio, norm 24-40%, >60 indicates support, <60% wean, increase (w/no change in VE) indicates decreased blood flow to alveoli, usually caused by emboli, excessive PEEP, or emphysema |
| VE | Minute ventilation, VE=VT x RRset, flow of expired gas in one minute, norm 5-8L/min, < 10 weaning |
| VEspont | VEtot-(VTset x RRset), norm 5-6 L/min, |
| VO2 | O2 consumption, norm is 250mL/O2/L/min, [C(a-v)O2 x QT] x 10, the amount of O2 consumed by the body per liter of blood per minute. |
| VTspont | VEtot-(VTset x RRset)/(RRtot-RRset) Measured when machine in SIMV mode, represents what the patient is actually breathing on his/her own. |
| VT | norm is 5-8 mL/kg (400-600 cc), <5mL/kg indicates support, >5 weaning. |
Created by:
Yomair
Popular Respiratory Therapy sets