Levels of Evidence Word Scramble
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Question | Answer |
Systematic review | primary studies are summarized, appraised, and statistically combined |
Randomized Controlled Trial | experimental study with random assignment with control group |
Cohort study | prospective study, group with condition followed for defined time, comparison made to group without condition |
Homogeneity | free of variations in the directions and degree of results between studies in SR |
Case control study | Restrospective, group with condition compared with group without condition to determine factors that may have played a role in the condition. |
Case report | only one individual studied in depth |
Level 1a Level of Evidence | SR with homogeneity of multiple RCTs, randomization, lg # of pts, multicenter, substantial agreement in size and direction of treatment effects |
Level 1b Level of Evidence | Individual RCT with narrow confidence level, treatment effects precisely defined |
Level 1c | All or none case series. In absence of RCT, overwhelming evidence of substantial tx effect |
Level 2a | SR with homogeneity of cohort studies |
Level 2b | Individual cohort study or low quality RCT (small N) |
Level 3a | SR with homogeneity of case-control studies |
Level 3b | Individual case control study |
Level 4 | Case series and poor quality cohort and case control studies, largely descriptive |
Level 5 | expert opinion, observations not made on pts |
CPG - clinical practice guideline | expert consensus, SR, meta analysis, assist practitioner for health care for specific clinical circumstances |
Created by:
Jenwithonen
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