Lect 10 P450 Word Scramble
|
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Question | Answer |
Xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes have been grouped into 2 phases. What does each one contain? | Phase I : Oxidation, reduction, and hydrolytic reactions .......... Phase II : conjugation reactions |
What are phase I reactions carried out by? | CYPs, Flavin-containing monoonxygenases (FMO) and Epoxide hydrolases (EH) |
What is considered the major "Metabolic clearing house" for both endogenous chemicals, and Xenobiotics. | The liver |
Drugs that are orally administered are absorbed in the gut and taken to the liver through the _____ vein, where they undergo significant metabolism | Portal |
Where would you find xenobiotics metabolizing enzymes within the cell? | intracellular membranes and cytosol |
What is Heme | The oxygen binding moiety found in hemoglobin |
What does the heme contains that allow it to bind oxygen in the CYP active site | Atom of iron in hydrocarbon cage |
What does CYPs use to carry out the oxidation of substrate? | O2 and H+ |
Metabolism of a substrate by a CYP consumes _____ molecule of molecular oxygen and produces an ______ and a ________ as a by product | One, oxidized substrate, molecule of water |
True/False: drug metabolizing CYPs and the CYPs that catalyze steroid and bile acids have very specific substrate preferences | FALSE, only CYPs that catalyze steroid and bile acids have that |
True/False: can can a single compound be metabolized by different CYPs at different rate? | True, They can even metabolize a single molecule at different positions on the molecule |
Generally, what is the half lives of drugs? What about endogenous compounds? | Drugs 3-30 hours .. Endogenous compounds - seconds or minutes |
What is one of the main reasons for the predominance of drug-drug interactions? | The feature of extensive overlapping of substrate specificities of CYPs |
What can inhibit the metabolism of some drugs leading to elevated plasma levels? | 2 drugs competing for binding to an active site .. one or both of these drugs would be inhibited |
What does a narrow therapeutic index for the drugs mean? | unwanted toxicities |
In naming CYPs what is the family, subfamily, and gene number . Example, CYP3A4 | 3- Family .. A-Subfamily .. 4- Gene number |
What are the CYPs involved in the metabolism of Xenobiotics? | There are 12 of them (CYP1A1, 1A2, 1B1, 2A6, 2B6, 2C8, 2C9, 2C19, 2D6, 2E1, 3A4, and 3A5) |
Where is the greatest amount of CYPs found? | The liver, and then lower amount in the lung, kidney, and CNS |
The expression of different CYPs can differ markedly as a result of: | - Dietary and environmental exposure to inducers - Heritable polymorphic differences in gene structure - Tissue specific expression patterns |
What are the most active CYPs for drug metabolism? | Those found in CYP2C, CYP2D, CYP3A sub-family |
Which CYP is most abundantly expressed in the liver and involved in the metabolism of over 50% clinically used drugs? | CYP3A4 |
What are some CYPs that exhibit polymorphism? | 2A6, 2C9, 2C19, 2D6 |
When does metabolism-related drug interactions occur? | when 2 drugs are co administered and subjected to metabolism by the same enzyme |
Created by:
amiqnais
Popular Pharmacology sets