Microbiology Word Scramble

Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.

Normal Size Small Size show me how

Question	Answer
what do nucleotides require	nitrogenous base, ribo sugar, and at least one phosphate
adenine	nucleotide with ribose and at least one phosphate,
ribose	5 carbon sugar
why do they call adenine a nitrogenous base	alot of nitrogens
ATP	has three phosphates
when you remove molecule you have	ADP
remove two molecules you have	AMP
energy for cellular function comes from	high energy phosphate bond that holds a third phosphate group on to the ATP molecule when its broken energy is released and used for chemical reactions within the cell
energy molecule that drives cells	ATP
process of phosphorlation	can be converted back to ATP when the third phosphate is restored
phosphorlation	the addition of a phosphate molecule to ADP to make ATP
purines	double two ring molecule
base purine rules	purine will always pair with a pyrimidine held together by a hydrogen bond
RNA	Ribo Nucleic acid, nucleotide, single stranded nucleic acid
DNA	Deoxy Ribo nucleic acid,double stranded
Why is DNA diffrent	its missing a oxygen
what are the functions of nucleic acids	contain all the cells genetic info,and determine all the heridible characteristicsof an organism or a cell and pass that from generation to generations direct synthesis of proteins
.Which of the following is the best description of a gene?	A sequence of DNA nucleotides that codes for a single protein
purines	double two ring molecule
base purine rules	purine will always pair with a pyrimidine held together by a hydrogen bond
RNA	Ribo Nucleic acid, nucleotide, single stranded nucleic acid
DNA	Deoxy Ribo nucleic acid,double stranded
Why is DNA diffrent	its missing a oxygen
what are the functions of nucleic acids	contain all the cells genetic info,and determine all the heridible characteristicsof an organism or a cell and pass that from generation to generations direct synthesis of proteins
.Which of the following is the best description of a gene?	A sequence of DNA nucleotides that codes for a single protein
purines pair with	pyrimidines
adenine base pairs with	thymine
cytosine base pairs with	guanine
The exact point where nucleotides are being added to growing daughter strands during DNA replication are called:	replication fork
Which of the following is a characteristic of the origin?	The origin is rich in A-T pairs.
.If a particular short DNA sequence is AGATTC, the corresponding RNA sequence will be:	UCUAAG.
A bacterial population is in the log phase and the growth curve for population is plotted if environmental conditions suddenly improve	Growth curve will rise more steeply
During stationary phase of microbial growth	The rate of new cell division is approximately equal to cell death rate
Generation time can be defined as	Time between cell division
At what point does carbon fixation occur in photosynthesis	Calvin cycle
proteins are composed of	amino acids and caboxyl group
R group	protein of amino acids joined by peptide bonds
Metabolism	the sum of all the chemical processes carried out in the cell
what are the product of the light reactions in photosynthesis	NADPH and ATP
When photosynthetic organisms make biological molecules they use carbon atoms from	carbon dioxide
organisms that can use light as a source of energy to make biological molecules are called	photoautotrophs
in the absence of sufficient glucose	fats can provide an alternative source of energy for ATP production
if the appropiate final electron acceptor is not present the pyruvate that was formed at the end of the glycolysis is reduced why	to regenerate NAD+
what happens to the protons that are pumped across a membrane in electron transport	they move back across the membrane through the ATP synthase complex
The oxidation of biological molecules in cell respiration is completed in	krebs cycle
During glycolysis the electrons lost by biological molecules are used to reduce	NAD+
when biological molecules are oxidized in cell respiration the principle source of electrons is	oxygen hydrogen bonds
when a redox reaction occurs	the transferred electrons had more energy with the molecule that was oxidized
ATP is an energy rich molecule because	the bonds between the phosphate groups are unstable
If a chemical reaction releases energy that reaction can be described as	exergonic reaction
The cellular process of linking chemical building blocks together into macromolecules is called	polymerization
what is Catabolism	process of breaking molecules apart
Biological oxidations often involve which of the following	loss of hydrogen atom
NAD+, FAD, and NADP+ are all examples of	electron carriers
the activation of a chemical recation	is lower in the precense of an enzyme
What affects the activity of a enzyme	pH, temperature, and the amount of subtrate available to them
Substance that resembles the normal subtrate competes with the subtrates for the active site	competitive inhibition
Major function of fermentation	regenerates NAD+ for glycolysis
Beta oxidation is the method of catabolizing which molecule	fatty acids
in the eukaryotic cells what are the following processes that occur in the mitchodrion	Beta oxidation, krebs cycle, and electron transport
what occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell	glycolysis
Generates NADH and FADH2 from the oxidation of acetyl-Coa	Function of krebs cycle
what is the purpose of calvin benson cycle	it produces glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate by fixation of CO2 molecules
Folic acid is a precursor molecule necessary for the synthesis of	nucleotides
ribozymes are enzymes made out of	RNA
Since most proteins are to large to cross the cytoplasmic membrane prokaryotic begin catabolism by secreting what into their enviroment	proteases
the photosynthetic memvranes that are similiar to mitochondrial membranes in both structure and function are called	thylakoids
chemical reactions that can proceed in either a catobolic ar an anabolic direction are known as	amphibolic reactions
the process by which inorganic phosphate is attached to an ADP molecule using the energy produced by redox reactions	oxidative
Nucleotides are composed of	phosphate group, pentose sugar, and a nitrogenous base
Ribosomes are made of	protein and RNA
Ribosomes are found in	cytoplasm of eukaryotic cell
ribosomes are composed of	two subunits a small and large subunit
the amino acid sequence of a protein constitutes its	primary structure
Another term for biosynthesis	anabolismform of metaolism in which large molecules are converted into small
form of metaolism in which large molecules are converted into small molecules	catobolism
lowers the activation energy required for a chemical reaction	enzyme
An enzyme is	pH and heat labile
where the active site is located	apoenzyme
To digest cellulose in its enviroment a fungus produces	exoenzymes
energy in biological systems is primarily
energy is carried from catobolic to anabolic reactions in the form of	high energy ATP bonds
Release potential energy	exergonic reactions
reduced compound	NADH
Most oxidation reactions in microbial bioenergetis involve the	removal of electrons and hydrogens
products of glycolysis	ATP and H2O
Fermentation of a glucose gives off a net number of ATP'S	2
Complete oxidation of glucose in aerobic respiration yields a net output of ATP	38
compound that enters the TCA cycle from glycolysis	pyruvic acid
ATP synthase complexes can generate how many ATP'S for each NADH that enters electron transport	3
In aerobic respiration the terminal electron acceptor is	oxygen
The reactions of the cell that are carried out for capturing energy are called	catobolism
reaction where small precursor molecules are assembled into lareger organic molecules	anabolism
as the electron flow throught the chains much of their free energy is conserved in the form of ATP this is called	oxidative phosphorylation
what are the following causes for enzyme denaturization	pH, Subtrate, and temp increase
anaerobic respiration occurs in what	clostridium, bacillus, and psuedmonas
which of the following occurs in the cell membrane	aerobic respiration, anarobic respiration
If a codon in a sequence of DNA has the bases of TCT, what is the tRNA anticodon	AGA
which of the following methods of ntransferring genetic material requires cell to cell contact	conjugation
During which phas of the growth curvee is cell reproduction most active	log
what term refers to the transfer of DNA from one cell to another via bacteriophage	transduction
binds to the same active site as a subtrate	competitive inhibitor
ATP with three phosphate groups	nucleoside
Adenosine monophosphate AMP	consist of adenine ring, ribose, and one phosphate group
ADP	same base and sugar but two phosphate groups
ATP	has same base and sugar but three phosphate groups
Phosphate bonds contain	alot of energy which is released when broken
what bond has the greatest amount of energy	pyrophosphate bond
Heterotrophs	organisms that can make organic compounds from inorganic sources
Atp is produced by	autotrophs during photosynthesis

Created by: 10201060366829311