Stats Term 1 Word Scramble

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Question	Answer
statistics	a set of mathematical procedures for organizing, summarizing, and interpreting inofrmation
population	is the set of all the individuals of interest in a particular study
sample	a set of individuals selected from a population, usually intended to represent the population in a research study
variable	a characteristic or condition that changes or has different values for different indviduals
data	are measurements or observations
data set	a collection of measurements or observatuibs
datum (raw score)	a single measurement or observation
parameter	a value, usually numerical, that describes a population
statistic	a value, usually numerical, that describes a sample
descriptive statistics	statistical procedures used to summarize, organize, or simplify data
inferential statistics	consists of techniques that allow use to study samples and then make generalizations about the populations from which they were selected
sampling error	discrepancy, or amount of error, that exists between a sample statistic and the corresponding population parameter
correctional method	two different variables are observed to determine whether there is a relationship between them
experimental method	one variable is manipulated while another variable is observed and measured. To establish a cause-and-effect relationship between the two variables, an experimental attempts to control all other variables to present them from influencing the results.
independent variable	the variable manipulated by the researcher
dependent variable	the one that is observed to asses the effects of the treatment
quasi-independent variable	in a non experimental study, the independent variable that is used to create the different groups of scores
constructs	are internal attributes or characteristics that cannot be directly observed but are useful for describing and explaining behavior
operational definition	identifies an measurement procedure for measuring an external behavior and uses the resulting measurements as a definition and a measurement of a hypothetical construct
discrete variable	consists of separate, indivisible categories. No values can exist between two neighboring catergories
continuous variable	there are an infinite number of possible values that fall between any two observed values. A continuous variable is divisible into an infinite number of fractional parts
real limits	boundaries of intervals for scores are represented on a continuous line. Real limit separates 2 adjacent scores is located exactly halfway between the scores. Each has two real limits. Upper real limit= at the top. Lower real limit=the bottom
nominal scale	consists of a set of categories that have different names. Measurements on a nominal scale label and categorize observations, but do not make any quantitative distinction between observations.
ordinal scale	consists of a set of categories that are organized in an ordered sequence. Measurements on an ordinal scale rank observations in terms of size or magnitude. (EX: 1st, 2nd, 3rd)
interval scale	ordered categories that all intervals of exactly the same size. Equal dif. between #s on scale reflect equal differences in magnitude. However, the zero point on an interval scale is arbitrary and does not indicate a zero amount of the variable being meas
ratio scale	is an interval scale with the additional feature of an absolute zero point. With a ratio, scale, ratios of numbers do reflect ratios of magnitude
sigma (E)	summation or sum of

Created by: nix19