Biology Chapter 3 Word Scramble

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Question	Answer
Plasma Membrane _____ the cell from its _______	separates, environment
Plasma Membrane allows for ______ between cell and ______	environment
Plasma Membrane is selectively _______	permeable
_______ Transport requires no ________	Passive, energy
Three types of passive transport: ______, ______ ______, and ______	diffusion, facilitated diffusion, osmosis
Active Transport requires the use of ________ ________	cellular energy
ATP is the ____ molecule	energy
Passive Transport-Diffusion-Moves from an area of ______ concentration to an area of _______ concentration	higher, lower
Facilitated Diffusion- Specific _______ in plasma membrane to move materials across membrane	protein
Osmosis type of diffusion that involves movement of ______ not moving solute, moving water: higher concentration water-lower	water
Active transportation-lower solute up concentration gradient to higher _________	concentration
Oxygen, and C.D> able to easily _____ across bi-lipid area	diffuse
________ ________- specific transport proteins allow some substances to move across membrane	facilitated diffusion
Glucose-the ____ of the cell, will diffuse across cell membrane on its own, but very slow, so uses ________ __________ ________ times faster	fuel, facilitated diffusion, 50,000 times
___ so small it moves across cell membrane whether it's wanted or not.	DDT
Molecules will continue to diffuse until ___ amount on both sides	even
Three terms for types of solutions: _______ solution, ________ solution, and _________ solution	Isotonic, hypotonic, hypertonic
Isotonic Solution means:	The percent of solute outside the cell is the same as inside the cell-water outside 90% and water moves in and out equally
Hypotonic solution means:	Less solute outside the cell than inside the cell-more water outside the cell
Hypertonic solution means:	More solute outside the cell than we have inside-less water outside the cell-water leaves the cell
Animal Cells like _______ solutions	isotonic
Plant cells do not like _______ solutions	isotonic
Hypotonic solution-not good for _____ cells, cell could burst	animal
Plants prefer _______ solution	hypotonic
Plants cell do not ______ because of cell walls and ______ pressure	turgid
Hypertonic solution (lose water) not good for ______ or ______ cells	plant, animal
Some plants have a ____ coating on their leaves, help prevent water loss	waxy
Some plants have small leaves to prevent _____ _____	water loss
Stem of cactuses stores _____	water
Some plants have hairy leaves to prevent ______ ______	water loss
Osmoregulation:	Regulates solute concentrations and balances the gain and loss of water
Terrestrial animals have to control both ____ of water and ______	loss, solutes
Skin is quite ______ to water, hair on mammals helps prevent water _____	impervious, loss
many desert animals get enough water from ____, and urine is not ______, more like crystals	seeds, liquids
Fish that live in freshwater, tend to have too much water wanting to get ___, solutes getting ____, so they produce copious amounts of _____	in, out, urine
Fish use _____ _____	active transport
Marine Fish are in a ______ solution, water wants to leave the cell, concentrated ______	urine
In active transport we're moving against the _______ ______	concentration gradient
ATP and specifically shaped proteins move from areas of _____ concentration to areas of ____ transportation	low, high
Nerves: Higher potassium concentration, always being pumped ___, sodium being pumped ____	in, out
Exocytosis ( exiting cell):	Release of substances from cell, vesicles fuse with plasma membrane, fusions with membranes cause release
Endocytosis :	Inward budding of the membrane, forms a vesicle
Phagocytosis type of _______	endocytosis
Phagocytosis-Ingestion of entire ____, cell _____	eating
Phagocytosis-Membrane receptors identify the _______	bacterium
Phagocytosis-______ extend around the bacterium	Pseudopodia
The plasma membrane helps convey signals between _____, and between _____ and their environment	cells, cells
Receptor Proteins, what can they _____?	receive?
Epinephrine (adrenaline) from adrenal glands-series of ________- cause the breakdown of glycogen into ______ to provide energy	reactions, gluclose
All organic compounds store _____	energy
Energy comes from ____	food
Process by which we derive energy is called ______ _______	cellular respiration
Enzymes speed up _____ _____ (_____)	chemical reactions, catalysts
Enzymes work by lowering ______ ______	activation energy
Reactants the enzyme acts upon are called ______	substrates
sucrose (_____) + sucrase (______) + H20 (_____) ----> gluclose + ______	substrate, enzyme, water, products
Virtually every chemical reaction that use or release energy are almost all dependent upon the action of ______	enzymes
ATP is the _____ molecule, energy produced is used to make	energy, ATP
ATP supplies the _____ for cells to do their work	energy
ATP-________ ________	Adenosine Triphosphate
cellular respiration happens in ________	mitochondria
Energy in food produces ___, then ____ runs all chemical reactions to maintain cells	ATP, ATP
Triphosphate-third phosphate has ______ energy	highest
Third phosphate can be broken off using ______ and then we now have ADP, as food is broken down, cellular respiration, energy released, phosphate is put back __ ADP to make more ____	enzymes, on, ATP
It takes about ___ million ____ _____ per ____ to power an active _____ cell	10, ATP, molecules, second
Energy flows from the sun to plants to the ____ we eat	food
What organisms use photosynthesis?	Plants, algae
What do you need for photosynthesis	sunlight, carbon dioxide, water
Where does Photosynthesis take place?	chloroplasts
What is the product of Photosynthesis?	C6H12O6 (glucose) and oxygen
What organisms use cellular respiration?	Plants, Animals, Protists, Fungi
What is needed for cellular respiration? _______ .-_______	Glucose, Oxygen
Where does cellular respiration take place? _______	mitochondria
What does cellular respiration produce? _____ ._____ ____. and ___	Water and Carbon Dioxide, and ATP
The products of ______ _______ are the ______ for _________	cellular respiration, reactants, photosynthesis
The products of ________ are the reactants for ________ _________	cellular respiration
In process of breaking down food, we capture ___ percent of energy stored in food, and ___ is lost in the form of heat.	40, 60
Cellular Respiration-Process where food is broken down in the presence of _____ to produce _____ for the _______	oxygen, energy, organism
Cellular Respiration Chemical Equation:	c6H12O6+6O2 -----> enzymes -----> 6CO2+6H20+up to 32 ATP
Capturing energy requires the transfer of _____	electrons
Reactions that transfer electrons are called ____/(____/____) reactions	redox, oxidation, reaction)
Oxidation means	loss of electrons
Reduction means	gain of electrons
In cellular respiration the major electron carrier is ____	NAD+
NAD+ is an ___, and is an ____ _____	ion, electron, carrier
In Cellular respiration, the major electron carrier is NAD+, an ___	ion
NAD+ will accept ___ _____	Free electrons
NAD+ will accept	H
NAD+ becomes	NADH
NAD+ quickly and easily moves from NAD+ to ____ and back	NADH
Cellular Respiration occurs in three stages:	Glycolysis, Krebs Cycle, Electron Transport
Glycolysis: Stage 1, means	Sugar Splitting
Glycolysis takes place in	Cytosol (gooey stuff outside cell)
Glycolysis is split into __ molecules made of ___ ____	Pyruvic Acid
Glycolysis-takes place outside of the _______, where 2 ____ and ____ are made	mitochondria, ATP, NADH
Stage 2: Citric Acid Cycle (_____ Cycle)	Krebs
Stage 2: Krebs Cycle-Pyruvic Acid is converted to ____ acid before entering Krebs cycle	acetic
Krebs Cycle completes breakdown of _____	glucose
Krebs Cycle takes place in _______	mitochondria
In Krebs Cycle, __ CO2, __ ATP plus ____ and ______ are made	6, 2, NADH, FADH2
CO2 came from ______-Krebs Cycle	glucose
Stage 3: Electron ______	Transport
Electrons carried to inner membrane of	mitochondria
Electrons passed from _____ and _____ to ETC	NADH, FADH2
Electron Transport- 02 accepts _____ at the end of the chain to make ____	electrons, 6H20
Electron Transport _____ makes ____	Synthase, ATP
ATP synthase makes	ATP
Electron Transport, ___ ATP made	28
It doesn't have to be ______ to be able to go through the process of cellular respiration	glucose
Some organisms cannot use _____	oxygen
Sometimes oxygen isn't ______	present
ALL organisms still need ___	ATP
Fermentation-process that can produce ATP without ______ being present	oxygen
From each glucose molecule get __ ATP 2
Alcoholic fermentation like	yeast
Lactic Acid fermentation-some _____, muscle cells at times	bacteria
Fermentation occurs without oxygen and is sometime called ______ respiration	anaerobic
Alcoholic Fermentation yields	Co2, 2 ATP, alcohol
Lactic Acid Fermentation yields	2 ATP, lactic acid (sore muscles)
Yeast are a _____	fungi
Yeast prefer and can use _____ ______	cellular respiration
cellular respiration up to ___ ATP	30
Both carbon monoxide and cyanide ___ by disrupting cellular respiration.

Created by: sarchelj