Cartilage Word Scramble

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Question	Answer
Which part of the body does cartilage belong to?	The skeletal system
Is cartilage vascular or avascular?	Avascular
What is the consistency of cartilage?	Firm in consistency
What are the 3 structures of cartilage?	Matrix, Cells, Perichondrium
In cartilage, what are the 2 parts of the matrix?	Ground substance, fibers
What is the ground substance in cartilage made up of, chemically?	Glycoproteins and proteoglycans
What is the main proteoglycan in ground substance of cartilage?	chondroitin sulfate
What is the function of the main proteoglycan of the grounud substance of the cartilage?	Firm consistency of the cartilage matrix
What are the fibers of cartilage made up of?	Collagen or elastic, depending on type of cartilage
What are cartilage cells called?	chondrocytes
What is the shape of chondrocytes?	flat to round cells
Groups of chondrocytes are called...	cell nests
Another name for cell nests is	Isogneous groupd
What are isogneous groups surrounded by?	capsules of matrix
What type of cartilage is the perichondrium?	A membrane investing cartilage
What is the outer layer of the perichondrium called?	Fibrous layer
What is the inner layer of the perichondrium called?	Inner cellular layer
What is another name for inner cellular layer	Chondrogenic
T/F The chondrogenic layer is poor in blood vessels.	FALSE. The chondrogenic layer is RICH in blood vessels
What is the function of the perichondrium?	Nutrition, growth, and regeneration of cartilage
What are the two mechanisms of growth of cartilage?	Appositional and Interstitial
Describe appositional growth	Adding layers of cartilage on outer surface
What is responsible for appositional growth?	Activity of chondrogenic layer of the perichondrium
What does interstitial growth mean?	Growth from within
How does interstitial growth occur?	Cellular divisions and secretion of cartilage matrix by chondrocytes
3 types of cartilage.	Hyaline, Elastic, and Fibrocartilage
Is matrix present in abundance or not at all in hyaline cartilage?	Abundant
Describe cells of hyaline cartilage.	Widely separated
In hyaline cartilage, how many cells do the cell nests contain?	up to 8 cells.
Describe the fibers in the matrix of hyaline cartilage.	No apparent/ no visible fibers.
Which cartilage stains basophilic?	Hyaline cartilage
Perichondrium is present except...	on articular cartilage
Where is hyaline cartilage found? (3)	Costal cartilage, nasal, articular, and some laryngeal cartilages
Describe the cells of elastic cartilage.	Cells are condensed with less matrix in between.
How many cells do the nests of elastic cartilage contain?	Up to 4 cells
What always covers the outer surface of elastic cartiage?	Perichondrium
Where is elastic cartilage found? (3)	Cartilage of the ear, Eustachian tube, and some laryngeal cartilage
Fibrocartilage has matrix rich in....	Branching collagen bundles
In fibrocartilage, where are chondrocytes located?	Between bundles
How do chondrocytes, in fibrocartilage, appear?	Oval, mostly single.
Are cell nests common or uncommon in fibrocartilage?	Not common.
Cell nests in fibrocartilage are made up of how many cells?	2
Since fibrocartilage is found in joints, what is special about the perichondrium?	There is none
Locations of fibrocartilage...	IVD, cartilage of pubic symphysis, cartilages of the knee joint, cartilage disc of TMJ.
What is an IVD made up of, generally?	Annulus fibrosus and Nucleus pulposus.
What is the annulus fibrosus?	Outer concentric layers of fibrocartilage
What is the nucleus pulposus?	A central mass of gelatinous amorphous material.
In what direction fo the collagen fibers of the annulus fibrosus run?	Parallel to each other but in an oblique direction
Where do the collagen fibers attach in the IVD?	To hyaline cartilage plate on vert bodies above and below the IVD
Where do the outermost layers of the annulus atach?	Directly to the vertebral bone
What is the nucleus pulposus made up of?	Chondrocytes, fine collagen fibers, rich in ground substance.
How does ground substance react with water?	It binds water into the nucleus.
What is replaced as age advances and more and more collagen develops?	The entire nucleus pulposus.

Created by: thenathan