Music prelude4 Word Scramble

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Question	Answer
What is a Musical Idea used as a building block in a composition?	A theme
What is expansion of a theme using variation in it's melodic outline, rhythm or harmony?	Thematic Development
What is the smallest melodic or rhythmic unit of a theme?	A motive
Absolute music is described as....	No prescribed story or text to hold the music together. The story is the music itself.
The classical era is often referred to as what?	The Rococo Era
What is melody centric?	What the classical era is often referred to as... \b Meaning single melodic line with a simple chordal accompaniment (homophony) \b
What is Standard multimovement cycle	three or four movements in prescribed forms and tempos
The First Movement of the typical multi-movement cycle is usually in what form?	Sonata-allegro form
The Second Movement of the typical multi-movement cycle is characterized by what?	Usually a slow movement characterized by lyrical melodies and is in a shortened sonata form or a theme and variations
The Third Movement is usually in what form?	often in a dance form and most commonly the minuet and trio
which dance form usually has two contrasting dances with the return of the first dance to conclude the set.	Minuet and Trio
What forms were the Fourth Movement of the typical multi-movement cycle usually in?	another sonata-allegro form or a spirited rondo.
Sonata-allegro form's three main sections were called what?	1) exposition 2) Development 3) Recapitulation
Which part of the Sonata-allegro form stated the two opposing themes and their keys?	exposition
Which part of the sonata-allegro form features the most tension and drama through modulation and motivic interplay?	development
Which part of the sonata-allegro form restates the first and second themes, both in the tonic key, and is the psychological climax of the form?	recapitulation
Which genre flourished in the classical era, having it's 'Golden Age'?	Chamber Music
*Chamber Music is an ensemble for how many players? How many players per part?	ensemble music for two to about ten performers, with one player per part
The String Quartet is made up of what?	two violins, viola, and cello
The String Quartet in the Classical Era was considered....	the most important chamber music genre of the era.
*Joseph Hayden worked where? How old was he?	he worked under the patronage of the Esterhazy court in the Classical Era at the age of 29.
What/Who's String Quartet was written for the emperor, becoming the national anthem of Germany?	Hayden's String Quartet Op. 76, No. 3
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was most famous for what?	for being a child prodigy who started to write music before the age of five.
What 6 genre's did Mozart contribute to?	the symphony, sonata, chamber music, concerto, sacred music, and various types of operas.
Who's music is notable for lyrical melodies, colorful orchestration, and dramatic content?	Mozart's music
Who was a choir boy of Vienna?	Joseph Hayden
Joseph Hayden received phenomenal musical success after from what?	from two trips to England.
Mozart rebelled against what? What was the result?	he rebelled against the Patronage system, and struggled to achieve financial independence.
Mozart died at what age?	35 years old.
Which genre was the central position in chamber music of the classical era?	the String Quartet
Which serenade's first movement, by Mozart, is a good example of the sonata-allegro form?	Eine Kleine Nachtmusik, I (A Little Night Music)
Classical Symphony had its roots where?	in the Italian opera overture
How many movements were in the Pre-Classical Symphonies?	three movements
The three movements of the Pre-Classical Symphonies were derived from where?	the fast-slow-fast sections of the Italian opera overture
What type of music has no prescribed story or text to hold the music together and the story is the music?	Absolute Music
The Standard Multi-movement Cycle is often employed in what genres?	the Symphony, the Sonata, the String Quartet, the Concerto and many other various genres
Which movement of the Typical multi-movement cycle is usually the most highly organized and the longest movement?	the First movement of the typical multi-movement cycle
The minuet and trio was replaced by what? When?	the scherzo replaced this by the early 19th century
Which section came 1st in the sonata-allegro form?	exposition
Which section came 2nd in the sonata-allegro form?	development
Which section came 3rd in the sonata-allegro form?	recapitulation
What genre was considered the most important Chamber Music of the classical era?	Chamber Music
What is a rocket theme?	the use of quick, aggressive rhythmic theme rising from low to high register
What is the steamroller effect?	drawn out crescendos, slowly gathering force as they rose to a climax
What were 3 of the main contributions to the classical symphony made by composers in Mannheim, Germany?	the rocket theme, steamroller effect and the addition of the minuet and trio creating a 4 movement cycle.
What was the number of players typically in a Classical Orchestra?	30-40 players
What section was the 'heat' of the classical orchestra?	the String section
How many movements were typically in the Classical Symphony?	4 movements
What form was the first movement of the Classical Symphony in?	sonata-allegro form
The second movement of the Classical Symphony was usually in what form?	Slow, and usually in one of the following: theme and variation, modified sonata-allegro, or, most typically, in three-part A-B-A form.
The third movement of the Classical Symphony was usually a what?	a minuet and trio (replaced by schirzo by end of the classical era)
The fourth movement of the Classical Symphony was usually what pace and in what form?	Usually fast in sonata-allegro form or a rondo, serving as the finale.
What nick name did Hayden receive?	"Father of the Symphony"
Who was the "Father of the Symphony"?	Joseph Hayden
How many works did he contribute to the Classical Symphony?	over 100
What did Beethoven do after rejected Patronage and how did he support himself financially?	he became a freelance musician and supported himself by teaching music lessons.
What did Beethoven suffer from later in life?	Hearing loss
How many symphonies did Beethoven produce? Why was this still considered significant?	Beethoven produced 9 symphonies, but all were considered the pinnacle of the genre
Which composer's compositional progression lead into the Romantic era?	Beethoven
How many forms does the classical concerto have and what's the temp?	three movements that alternate fast-slow-fast
What is one of the unique features of the solo concerto?	the cadenza
What is the cadenza?	A somewhat improvised solo passage that interrupts the movement towards the end.
What effect does the cadenza have? How?	The cadenza has a dramatic effect: the orchestra falls silent and the soloist launches into a free play of fantasy on one or more themes of the movement
What does the term concerto imply?	the opposition of two dissimilar elements, such as soloist, or solo group, vs an orchestra
What is the first movement of the Classical Concerto form?	sometimes described as a sonata-allegro form with a double exposition... the orchestra usually plays the first exposition with the soloist playing the second.
Who usually plays the first exposition in the first movement of the Classical Concerto?	the Orchestra
Who usually plays the second exposition in the first movement of the Classical Concerto?	the soloist
The second movement of the Classical Concerto is usually at what tempo? What type of melodies does it usually feature?	Slow, usually Andante, adagio, or largo, featuring songlike melodies
What are the characteristics describing the third movement of the Classical Concerto?	Really fast, with a temp of Allegro or Presto. Usually shorter than the first movement, in rondo form. Often features a cadenza that brings the piece to an end.
What often highlights the virtuosity of the soloist in Classical Concertos?	the cadenza
Classical Sonatas were set for whom?	one solo instrument (often the piano forte), or for duos
Who's sonata's were the most important in keyboard literature?	Beethoven's and Mozart's
How many piano sonatas did Beethoven write?	Beethoven wrote 32 piano sonatas
What were the dominant choral forms of the Classical era?	Mass, Requiem Mass, and oratorio
A musical setting of the most solemn service of the Roman Catholic Church is called, what?	Mass
What is a musical setting for the dead called?	Requiem Mass
What is the genre that is generally focused on a biblical story called?	oratorio
Serious Opera is called what?	Opera seria
What was comic opera called in Italy?	opera buffa
What was comic opera called in Germany?	Singspiel
What was comic opera called in France?	opera comique
What was comic opera called in England?	ballad or dialogue opera
What changed about choral music from the Baroque era to the Classical era?	these genres were no longer exclusively performed in the church and found their way into the concert hall
Opera was popular during what era?	the classical era
Which opera form featured recitatives and arias?	opera seria
The recitatives and arias featured in opera seria were specifically designed to do what?	display the virtuosity of the star singers
Who reformed opera seria, creating a highly expressive drama with a lot of crows appeal?	Gluck
What style of opera flourished in all countries?	comic operas
Which social class was the opera seria popular for?	aristocrats
What was the response of the aristocratic opera seria?	comic operas
Which social class was the comic opera popular for?	middle class
What language were comic operas usually in?	the vernacular
Who had a centralized role in the comic operas?	the buffo
Who was the buffo?	A buffoon who spoke the the audience in a bass voice
what tonality was the buffo's voice?	bass

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