Science Unit 2 7th g Word Scramble

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Question	Answer
How is an organism's cell like a factory?	Like a factory, an organism must be able to obtain energy and raw materials and get rid of wastes.
The movement of particles from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration is called?	Diffusion
The fluids that surround and fill a cell are made mostly of?	Water
Water is made up of particles called?	Molecules
The diffusion of water through a semipermeable membrane is called?	Osmosis
What is the result of osmosis?	The water molecules move to the less concentrated area
What process is important to cell functions?	Osmosis
Describe what would happen if you put red blood cells into a salty solution.	The red blood cell would shrivel up.
Describe the effect of osmosis on a wilted plant that has been watered.	When a wilted plant is watered, osmosis makes the plant firm again.
Particles moving across a cell membrane without using energy	Passive transport
Passageways in a cell membrane	Channels
The movement of particles from an area of low to and area of high concentration across a cell membrane	Active transport
Two examples of passive transport	Diffusion and osmosis
A cell needs this to transport particles by active transport	Energy
The channels in a cell membrane are made up of?	Proteins
A large particle can enter a cell using a process called?	Endocytosis
What happens to a cell during endocytosis?	The cell surrounds a large particle and brings it inside itself. Then,the membrane pinches off into a vesicles and brings the particle in.
A large particle can leave a cell using a process called?	Exocytosis
What happens during exocytosis?	The vesicles fuses with the membrane and opens up and shoots the particle out.
What is your body telling you when you feel hungry?	Your cells need energy
Where do plant cells get their energy?	The sun
Where do many animal cells get the energy they need?	Food
Where does almost all of the energy that fuels life come from?	The sun
Plants are able to change the sun's energy into food through the process of?	Photosynthesis
The molecules in plant cells that absorb light energy are called?	Pigments
Plants get their green color from?	Chlorophyll
What is glucose?	A corbohydrate.
Explain why glucose is important to a plant cell.	The energy in glucose is used by the plant's cells
Photosynthesis produces what and what?	Oxygen and glucose
Cells use what to break down food?	Cellular respiration
Many cells are able to get energy without using oxygen through a process called?	Fermentation
Why is breathing important to many organisms?	It supplies the oxygen needed for cellular respiration and removes carbon dioxide.
What happens during cellular respiration?	Food is broken down into carbon dioxide and water, and energy is released.
What does your body do with the energy released during cellular respiration?	Most of it maintains body temperature and some is used to form ATP.
ATP supplies what that fuels cell activities?	Energy
Cellular respiration in eukaryotic cells takes place in what inside the cell?	Mitochondria
During photosynthesis, plant cells take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen. How is this different form cellular respiration?	Cellular respiration takes in what photosynthesis releases and vice versa.
Why do you get a burning sensation in your muscles during strenuous exercise?	The buildup of lactic acid during fermentation contributes to this burning sensation.
What is another kind of fermentation?	It occurs in yeasts and fungi.
How does the process of fermentation help bread rise?	Yeasts form carbon dioxide and the bubbles help the bread rise and leave little holes.
What occurs when cells use oxygen to produce energy from food?	Cellular respiration
What is the breakdown of food without using oxygen?	Fermentation
What forms carbon dioxide during fermentation and is used to help bread rise?	Yeast
What is converted into food by the process of photosynthesis?	The sun's energy
What is released during photosynthesis.	Oxygen
What is released by cells during cellular respiration?	Water, carbon dioxide, and energy
Why is it important for your body to produce millions of new cells?	Making news cells allows you to grow and replace dead cells.
When does the cell cycle begin?	When the cell is formed
When does the cell cycle end?	When the cell divides and makes new cells
What must a cell do before it can divide to make a new cell?	It must make a copy of its DNA
What makes sure that each new cell will be a n exact copy of its parent cell?	The copying of chromosomes
A cell without a nucleus is what kind of cell?	Prokaryotic
A cell with a nucleus is what kind of cell?	Euckaryotic
A chromosome is the main ring of a DNA in what kind of cell?	Prokaryotic
A chromosome is made up of DNA and protein in what kind of cell?	Eukaryotic
Are bacteria prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells?	Prokaryotic
Bacteria create new cell through a kind of division called?	Binary fission
When binary fission is complete, the results are two cells that each one copy of what?	The circle of DNA
The chromosomes of eukaryotic cells have more what than that of prokaryotic cells?	DNA
Humans have ____ chromosomes, while fruit flies have only ____. Potatoes have ____ chromosomes.	46, 8, 48
Chromosomes line up in pairs called what?	Homologous chromosomes
What do pairs of homologous chromosomes have in common?	The same sequence of genes and the same structure.
In the beginning of the eukaryotic cell cycle, the cell grows and duplicates what and what?	Its organelles and chromosomes.
After a chromosome is duplicated, the two copies are called what?	Chromatids
Chromatids in eukaryotic cells separate during a process called what?	Mitosis
Where are the chromatids held together?	The centromere
What happens in the first stage of a eukaryotic cell cycle?	The cell grows and copies its organelles and chromosomes.
In the second stage?	The chromatids separate during mitosis, which ensures that each new cell receives a copy of each chromosome.
And the third?	The cell splits into two new cells.
Before mitosis begins, what paired cell structures are copied.	The chromosomes
How do animal cells separate into two cells without a cell wall?	The membrane pinches in and in until it pinches all the way through the cell.

Created by: Scollyo