Positioning Ch 20 Word Scramble
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| Question | Answer |
| The vertical portion of the frontal bone is called the ___________ __________ and forms the _______________ and anterior part of the ____________. | Frontal Squama; Forehead; Vault |
| The horizontal portion of the frontal bone forms what? | Orbital plates (roofs of the orbits), part of the nasal cavity roof, the greater part of the anterior cranial fossa. |
| On both sides of the superior portion of the frontal squama is a rounded elevation called __________ __________. | Frontal Eminence |
| The arched ridges of the frontal squama that correspond to the position of the eyebrows is called the ______________ arches. | Superciliary Arches |
| What lies just below the Superciliary arches and what is the opening called that lies in the center? | Supraorbital Margins; Supraorbital Foramen |
| The smooth elevation between both Superciliary arches is the ___________. | Glabella |
| The point at which the frontal squama articulates with the greater wing of the sphenoid bone is called the ________________ suture. | Frontosphenoidal suture |
| The frontal squama articulates with the nasal bones at the ______________ suture. | Frontonasal suture |
| What is the midpoint of the frontonasal suture? | Nasion |
| The frontal bone articulates with which cranial bones? | Parietal, Sphenoid and ethmoid |
| What separates the orbital plates of the horizontal portion of the frontal bone? | Ethmoidal Notch |
| The ethmoidal notch receives what part of the ethmoid bone? | Cribiform plate |
| The anterior portion of the ethmoidal notch of the frontal bone is a small projection directed inferiorly and is the superiormost component of the nasal septum called the _________ __________. | Nasal Spine |
| What does the posterior portion of the orbital plate of the frontal bone articulate with? | The lesser wings of the sphenoid bone |
| The small cube shaped bone that forms part of the cranial floor: | Ethmoid |
| The 2 light, spongy lateral masses of the ethmoid are called the ____________. | Labyrinths |
| The Horizontal portion of the ethmoid received into the ethmoid notch of the frontal bone is the ___________ ______. | Cribiform Plate |
| The cribiform plate of the ethmoid has many foramina for the transmission of what? | Olfactory nerves |
| A thick conical projection on the anterior portion of the ethmoid that projects superiorly along the midline of the bone is called the ___________ ________. | Crista Galli |
| What does the Crista Galli serve as an attachment for? | The Falx Cerebri |
| What is the falx cerebri? | A fold of dura mater (outer membrane of 3 membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord) that separates the cerebellar hemispheres. |
| The vertical portion of the ethmoid is called what? | The perpendicular plate |
| The perpendicular plate of the ethmoid along with the nasal spine of the frontal bone forms the superior portion of the bony _________ of the nose. | Septum |
| What do the labyrinths of the ethmoid bone contain? | Ethmoidal sinuses or air cells |
| The air cells or ethmoidal sinuses on both lateral masses of the ethmoid bone are divided into how many groups? What are they? | 3; Anterior, Middle, & Posterior Ethmoidal Air Cells |
| The lateral walls of the ethmoidal labyrinths help to form medial walls of the ____________ and part of the lateral walls of the ___________ cavity. | Orbits; Nasal |
| Projecting inferiorly from each medial labyrinth wall of the ethmoid are 2 thin, scroll-shaped processes called what? | Superior and Middle Nasal Conchae |
| What cranial bones does the ethmoid bone articulate with? | Frontal and Sphenoid Cranial bones |
| The 2 parietal bones are what shape? | Square |
| What suture connects the 2 parietal bones? | Sagittal Suture |
| The prominent bulge on each parietal bone at the central-superior portion where the width of the head should be measured is called the ____________ ___________. | Parietal Eminence |
| The Parietal bone articulates with which cranial bones? | The opposite Parietal, Temporal, Occipital, Frontal and Sphenoid bones |
| This cranial bone is an irregular wedge shaped bone resembling a bat with extended wings. | Sphenoid |
| Where is the sphenoid bone situated in relation to the cranium? | Base of the cranium, anterior to the temporal bones and basilar part of the occipital bone |
| The part of the sphenoid bone that projects inferior from both sides of the body of the bone is called what? | Pterygoid Processes |
| The body of the sphenoid bone contains 2 ____________ which are incompletely separated by a median septum. | Sphenoidal Sinuses |
| The anterior surface of the body of the Sphenoid bone forms the posterior bony wall of what? | Nasal Cavity |
| What is the deep depression on the superior surface of the sphenoid and what does it protect? | Sella Turcica; Pituitary Gland |
| Where exactly does the Sella turcica lie? | In the midsagittal plane of the cranium 3/4 inches anterior and 3/4 inches superior to the EAM. |
| The Sella Turcica is bound anteriorly by the ______________ ___________ and posteriorly by the ___________ ____________. | Anteriorly- Tuberculum Sellae; Posteriorly- Dorsum Sallea |
| The processes on the Tuberculum and Dorsum Sallae are called: | Anterior Clinoid process for the tuberculum and Posterior Clinoid process for the Dorsum |
| The slanted portion of bone posterior and inferior from the Dorsum Sallea which is continuous with the basilar portion of the occipital bone is called the _____________. | Clivus |
| The Clivus supports what? | The Pons |
| On each side of the sella turcica is a groove called the ___________ _________ which hold what? | Carotid Sulcus; Carotid Artery and Cavernous Sinus |
| What is the groove that extends across the anterior portion of the tuberculum sellae? | The Optic Groove |
| The lesser wings of the sphenoid form the posteromedial portion of the roofs of the ___________, the posterior portion of the anterior _____________ fossa and the upper margin of the ___________ ____________ fissures and optic canals. | Orbits; Anterior cranial fossa; Superior Orbital Fissures |
| The medial ends of the posterior portion of the lesser wings of the sphenoid form the ______________ ___________ processes. | Anterior Clinoid proceses |
| The 3 openings on the greater wings of the sphenoid for the passage of nerves and blood vessels which are subject to radiologic investigation are: | 1)Foramen Rotundum, Foramen Ovale, Foramen Spinosum |
| The processes that arise from the lateral portions of the inferior surface of the body of the sphenoid and the medial inferior surface of the lesser wings are called: | Pterygoid Processes |
| The Pterygoid processes consists of 2 plates of bone called __________ __________ which are fused at the superoanterior parts: | the medial and lateral Pterygoid Lamine |
| The inferior extremity of the medial lamina of the Pterygoid process has an elongated hook-shaped process called the ____________ __________. | Pterygoid Hamulus |
| Which is longer and more narrow on the medial and lateral Pterygoid processes and why?> | Medial laminae of the Ptyeroid process due to the Pterygoid Hamulus |
| The Pterygoid processes articulate with the palatine bones anteriorly and the wings of the vomer where they enter into the formation of the ____________ _________. | Nasal Cavity. |
| What cranial bones does the Sphenoid articulate with? | All 7 other cranial bones. |
| What are the 4 parts to the occipital bone? | Squama, 2 Occipital Condyles, & the Basilar portion |
| What passes through the Foramen Magnum? | Inferior portion of the Medulla Oblongatta |
| What prominent process on the Occipital bone lies midway between the summit of the bone and the foramen magnum? | External Occipital Protuberance |
| Another term for the External Occipital Protuberance: | Inion |
| The process on the internal surface of the Occipital bone that corresponds in position to the Inion is what? | Internal Occipital Protuberance |
| The Occipital Condyles articulate with what? | Atlas of the C-Spine |
| What is the articulation between the Occipital condyles and the Atlas of the C-Spine termed? | Occipitoatlantal Joints |
| The only bony articulation between the skull and the neck: | Occipitoatlantal Joints |
| Where are the Hypoglossal Canals found on the Occipital bone? | Anterior ends of the Occipital Condyles |
| What is the deep notch on the anterior portion of the Occipital Bone and what passes through it? | Jugular Foramen; Jugular Vein for blood drainage from the brain and 3 cranial nerves. |
| The basilar portion of the occipital bone joins the body of the sphenoid bone at the ___________ _________ of the sphenoid. This junction is called the __________. | Dorsum Sellae; Clivus |
| Which bones does the Occipital bone articulate with? | 2 Parietal, 2 Temporal, the Sphenoid and C-1 (Atlas) |
| Each Temporal bone consists of a ___________ portion, a ____________ portion, a _____________ process, a ____________ process and a ______________ portion that contains the organs of __________ and ________. | Squamous portion; Tympanic portion; Styloid process; Zygomatic process; Petromastoid portion for Hearing & Balance |
| The zygomatic process on the squamous portion of the temporal bone joins the ___________ bone of the face and together complete the ______________ arch. | Zygomatic; Zygomatic arch |
| The rounded eminence on the inferior portion of the zygomatic process of the temporal bone is the _____________ ___________ forms the anterior portion of the _______________ fossa that receives the condyle of the mandible. | Articular Tubercle; Mandibular |
| The mandibular fossa of the temporal bone and the condyle of the mandible forms what joint? | Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) |
| The EAM is on what portion of the Temporal bone? | Tympanic Portion |
| What slender process projects from the inferior portion of the tympanic portion of the temporal bone? | Styloid Process |
| The 1st air cell of the mastoid portion of the temporal bone situated at the upper anterior portion is called the __________ ___________. | Mastoid Antrum |
| The thickest, densest portion of bone in the cranium is __________ ____________. (often called the __________ _________) | Petrous Portion; Petrous Pyramid |
| The Petrous Pyramid projects medially and anteriorly between the ______________ and the ________________. The apex of the petrous pyramid articulates with the body of the __________ bone. | Greater wing of the sphenoid and the Occipital; Body of the sphenoid |
| Where does the internal carotid artery enter? | The Carotid canal on the inferior portion of the Petrous Pyramid |
| The upper border of the petrous pyramid called the __________ __________ corresponds to what external landmark? | Petrous Ridge; Top of the Ear Attachment (TEA) |
| The temporal bone articulates with which bones? | Parietal, Occipital, Sphenoid and Zygomatic bones |
| Which bones contain air sinuses? | Frontal, Ethmoid, Sphenoid |
| Which cranial bone helps to complete the zygomatic arch? | Temporal Bone |
| The vestibulocochlear organ is the organ of __________ and ___________. | Hearing and balance |
| The middle ear begins at the ___________ membrane and contains the _____________ cavity containing 3 bones called auditory ___________. | Tympanic; Tympanic; Ossicles |
| The passage in the middle ear that communicates with the nasopharynx and equalizes air pressure in the middle ear is the _____________ __________. | Eustachian Tube |
| The semicircular canals are in the __________ ear. | Inner ear |
| What bone contains the maxillary sinus? | Maxilla |
| What is the largest and most dense bone of the face? | Mandible |
| The small bone located at the base of the tongue is the __________. | Hyoid |
| The petrous pyramid projects anteriorly and medially at an angle of ________ degrees for the typical skull called a _________________ skull. | 47 Degrees; Mesocephalic |
| Which skull type is short from front to back, wide for side to side and shallow from vertex to base? What is the angle of the petrous pyramid? | Brachycephalic; 54 degrees |
| The skull type that is narrow from side to side, long from front to back and deep from vertex to base is a ______________ skull with a typical petrous pyramid angle of ______ degrees. | Dolichocephalic; 40 degrees |
| What 2 bones comprise the roof of the mouth? | Maxilla and Palatine |
| The TMJ is what kind of joint? | Synovial, Hinge-gliding |
| The smallest bones of the skull which contains the _____________ foramen for passage for tear ducts: | Lacrimal Foramen; Lacrimal bones |
| Near the petrous apex is a foramen through which the internal carotid artery passes is the __________ __________. | Foramen Lacerum |
| The greater wing of the sphenoid with paired openings are the foramina ___________, __________ and ____________ that allows for passage of nerves and blood vessels. | Spinosum, Ovale, Rotundum |
| The opening in the sphenoid bone that allows for passage of the optic nerve and opthalmic artery is the ___________ __________. | Optic Foramen |
| The anterior part of the occipital bone contains a deep notch that forms part of an important large opening in the skull that allows blood to drain via the internal jugular vein and passage of 3 cranial nerves: | Jugular Foramen |
| Each bony orbit is composed of _______ cranial bones and _______ facial bones. | 3 Cranial; 4 Facial |
| The superior aspect of the sphenoid bone holds the _________ gland. | Pituitary |
| The bones that make up the cranial floor: | 2 Temporal Bones; Sphenoid; Ethmoid |
| How many bones are in the cranium? | 8 |
| How many bones in the skull? | 22 |
| What suture lies between the Parietal and Occipital bones? | Lambdoidal |
| The point where the coronal and sagittal sutures meet: | Bregma |
| The suture that lies between the parietal and temporal bones? | Squamosal |
| The point where the Parietal bone, Squamosal suture and the greater wing of the Sphenoid bone: | Pterion |
| The Asterion is the junction of what? | Occipital, Parietal and Mastoid portion of the temporal bone |
| The Lambda is the junction of what? | Sagittal and Lamdoidal suture |
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