Spina Bifida Word Scramble
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Question | Answer |
What is SB? | Congenital abnormality of spine; Failure of fusion of posteiror vertebral arch |
What is myelodysplasia? | Defective development of any portion of SC; can be Aperta or Occulta |
Aperta | Visible or Open; Myelomenigocele or Meningocele |
Myelomeningocele | Open SC; No skin; Spinal paralysis; Meninges & nerve can protrude in any direction |
Meningocele | Skin-covered; Initially no paralysis; Contains membrane/non-fxnal nerves |
Lack of what important nutrient causes SB? | Folic Acid |
Occulta | Hidden/Not Visible; Lipoma |
Lipoma | Distinct mass of fat; Abnormal skin pigmentation; Hirsutism; Skin appendages; Gluteal dimples; Contains fibrous tract in subdural space |
Hair on the lower back caused by SB is known as what? | Faun's Beard |
Myelodysplastic Lesions- Abnormal Neuralation | During embyologic building of neural tube, a defect occurs somewhere b/t the hindbrain & S2 |
Myelodysplastic Lesions- Canalization | Distal to S2; Groups of cells clump together causing cystic structures that gather into canals; Causes: unknown |
What are 3 teratogens? | Alcohol; Valproic Acid (anti-convulsant); Street Drugs |
Incidence & Prevalence of SB | 1-5/1000 live births in the US; Low incidence in blacks; Higher in Mexican/Canadian populations |
Diagnosis of SB | US; Amniotic Fluid; Serum alpha-fetoprotein screen |
SB Impairment List | Scoliosis; Club feet; Torsion of long bones; Genu varus/valgus; Joint contractures/arthrogryposis; Limb deformities; Paralysis; Osteoporosis; Diminished/absent ssn |
What kind of muscle tone? | Low to Flaccid |
Hydrocephalus | 25%+ children born with myelomeningocele; 60% after surgical closure of lesion; Can cause Arnold Chiari malformation |
More Impairments... | Cognitive delay; B&B (neurogenic); Seizures; Skin breakdown; Obesity |
Exam, Eval, Intervention | Define current status; ID potential impairments; implement preventative measures; Monitor changes in status |
Exam & Intervention at Infancy | Understand normal, then compare to what is present in SB pt; Orthopedic concerns: Hip dislocations/mgmt & foot deformities; Mm tone; Voluntary vs. reflexive mm mvmts; ROM & strength; Parent ed & handling |
Ongoing Monitoring | Joint alignment; Mm imbalance; Contracture development; Positioning; Changes in mm tone, nn involvement & fxnal improvement/decline |
How often should neurodevelopmental team assessments be performed? | Yearly or Bi-yearly |
PT Treatments | Parent ed; Bracing; Serial casting/positioning splints; Mobility aids/equipment; Educate people who interact with pt; Compensatory strategies; Facilitate independence |
PT Treatment | Participations with peers, academics, community activities; Pain mgmt; Transition & manage equipment if fxnal level changes; Post-surg intervention for regaining lost fxn |
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