ChemistryAmy
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| In density mass is measured in ____and volume is measure in ____ | Grams and Milliters
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| Changing of matter is called | Reaction
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| Physical Properties | Color, Form, Density
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| Heterogeneous mixture is | Salt and pepper
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| An Element is what | An atom that can not be divided any farther
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| Atomic Number is | Equal to the number on protons in the nucleus of an atom
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| Name an element that is important to the extracellular fluid and nerve functions | Potassium
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| Where is the interstitial fluid | INside the cells
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| Each period in the periodic table ends with a | noble gas
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| Groups are divided into sub groups called | Transition and representative
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| Rare earth metals are | lanthanides
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| The way an element behaves is largely to do with the number of electrons in the outer shell | True
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| The rearrangement of the atoms in a molecule cannot make a difference in the characteristics of compounds | False
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| What is the universal solvent | Water
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| It does not matter what the concentration of a solution is, it will always affect the same | False
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| An example of a dispersed medium is | The gel in bath gel
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| A cation is positive or negative charge? | Positive
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| How many Electrons are in the element carbon | six
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| There are 3 types of Chemical Reactions | Synthesis, Exchange, and decomposition
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| Enzymes | Help speed up chemical reactions in the body without changing itself
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| What are the characteristics of gas | no strong molecular forces between particles, all collisions are elastic, expand to fill the shape of containers
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| a conjugate base is the part of the joined compound that can donate the proton | True
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| Ionic bonds are soluble in water | False
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| What is a buffer | It neutralizes
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| Hydrophobic | water fearing
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| What is the primary purpose of ATP in the body | Provides energy
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| What does Mono mean | Single
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| What does Poly mean | Many
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| Name the 3 types of Macromolecules | Carbs, Proteins, Lipids
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| Smallest units of protein | monosacchrides
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| The 4 types of shapes a protein makes | Primary, Secondary, Tertiarary, Quaternary
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| What is the simplest form of Carbohydrates | Monosacchrides
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| What is the role of the dehydration synthesis in building up polymers | Takes out water
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| How many amino acids are there? | 20
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| What type of bond do the amino acids form as they join in a chain? | Peptide Bond
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| How many amino acids do there need to be to be called a protein | 100
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| Two important polysaccharides are | Cellulose and starch
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| What is diffusion | movement of molecules from high concentration to low concentration, no energy
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| Gas is always on the move | True
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| Kinetic Energy is | the crazy movement of gas particles bouncing everywhere in a container, on half the mass multiplied by the velocity squared
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| How many atmospheres are found at sea level | one
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| volume is indirectly related to temperature | False
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| Density is... | Mass/volume = density
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| A compound is.. | a substance in which two of more different elements are joined together,an example of one water molecule, an example of one NH3 (1 nitrogen 3 hydrogens
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| Heat is.. | Measured in calories of a substances containing energy
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| A sandwich contains 225 nutrional calories how many kcal does it have? | 225
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| Kinetic energy is | the energy of motion
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| A hypothesis is a | statement or idea that describes or attempts to explain observable data
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| an experiment is | a controlled testing of the properties of a substance or system through carefully recorded measurements
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| A theory | predicts the outcome of new testing based on past experimental data
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| a scientific law is best described as | a hypothesis or theory that is tested repeatedly with the same results and thought to be without exception
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| Changing of matter is called | reaction
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| Protons are | Subatomic and exist in the core of an atom, Subatomic with positive charge, are found in the nucleus
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| Atoms are | Smallest particle not divided
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| Solids | have definite shape and volume
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| Physical Properties | Color, form, density
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| Produce hydrogen ions (H+) in solution | Acids
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| Have a bitter taste | Base
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| Produce hydroxide ions (OH-) | Base
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| React with bases to form salts | Acids
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| have a sour taste | acids
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| have a slippery, soapy feel | Base
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| React with acids to form salts | base
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| React with many metals and produces hydrogen gas | acids
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| Atomic number is | equal to the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom
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| Octave Rule | A rule showing the repeated chemical groups every eight elements, Noble gases are the example of the element of the rule
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| How many families of elements are there | 6
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| Each period ends with a | Noble Gas
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| Noble Gases are in group? | VIII
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| Halogens are | Specific non metals
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| Atomic number | number of protons in an element
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| Atomic mass | protons + neutrons
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| Family of Fe (iron) | Transition element
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| the rearrangement of the atoms in a molecule cannot make a difference in the characteristics of compounds | False
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| The number of bonds an atom can form with another atom depends on | The electrons available to share, the chemical bond as the attachment between the atoms within a molecule, the number of electrons it can easily share with its neighbor
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| Salt added to water = | Separates into ions and ionizes
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| Buffer is | Neutralizing
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| Cations | Positive charge
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| Decomposition | Breaking down chemicals
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| Solute | Substance that is dissolved in another substance. The component of a solution that is present in the lesser amount
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| Solvent | A substance in which another substance is dissolved
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| Base | High pH, Slimy, bitter, hydrogen ion receivers
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| Extracellular Fluid | Fluid located outside of the cell
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| Acid + Base | Neutral
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| Exchange | Combo of synthesis and decomp
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| Interstitial Fluid | All fluid contained within the tissue, except the fluid found within lymph and blood vessels
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| Acid | Hydrogen donars, red on the pH littmans paper Below 7 on the pH scale
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| pH Scale | Measures concentration of hydrogen ions
Lower concentration = higher pH #
Higher concentration = lower pH #
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| Unsaturated Fat | Easier to break
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| Disaccharide | 2 monosaccharides joined together - synthesis reaction
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| Dehydration Synthesis | Takes out water
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| Prostaglandins | Mediate inflammation (unique to cattle) fight or flight
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| Lipoprotein | Lipid + Protein
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| Glycolipid | Sugar attached to fats
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| Saturated Fats | Completed saturated with hydrogen - hard to break, it bends
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| Oxidation | When an element gains an hydrogen but loses electron
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| Synthesis | Formation of chemicals
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| Intracellular Fluid | Fluid that is contained within a cell
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| Hydrophobic | Fear water
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| Protein | Most abundant organic molecules- widest variety of functions.
used for cell structures
control chemical reactions
regulate growth
defend from invaders
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| Glycoprotein | Carb or sugar attached to a protein
helps adhesion of cells to other cells
recognition of molecules to be transported into the cell
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| Polysaccharide | Combo of many monosaccharides
celluse is the most abundant organic molecule
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| Monosaccharide | Simple sugar, simplest form of carbs 3-7 rings
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| Macromolecules | Large, long, complex repeating units
Carbs, Lipids, Proteins
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| Thromboxane + Leukotrienes | Mediates platelet functions
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| Phospholipid | Phosphor and Lipid- one polar head, on non polar head
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| Neutral fats | Triglycerides 3 Fats, formed by dehydration synthesis
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| Lipids | Used for energy
stored in fat for future energy
4 classes, neutral fats, steroids, phospholipids, eicosanoids
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| Enzymes | catalyze and speed up all reactions
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| Steroids | 4 rings
lipid, chemical messengers
cortisone, estrogen, progesterone, testosterone
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| Eicosanoids | Lipids formed from 20-carbon fatty acids
mediate chemical processes
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| 4 Major Elements | Oxygen, Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen
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| Oxygen | highest element content in the body
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| Acids are hydrogen donars | true
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| Building blocks of nucleic acids | nucleotides
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| how many amino acids are there? | 20
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| Electrolyte | A substance that creates an electric current in a solution
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