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ChemistryAmy
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| In density mass is measured in ____and volume is measure in ____ | Grams and Milliters |
| Changing of matter is called | Reaction |
| Physical Properties | Color, Form, Density |
| Heterogeneous mixture is | Salt and pepper |
| An Element is what | An atom that can not be divided any farther |
| Atomic Number is | Equal to the number on protons in the nucleus of an atom |
| Name an element that is important to the extracellular fluid and nerve functions | Potassium |
| Where is the interstitial fluid | INside the cells |
| Each period in the periodic table ends with a | noble gas |
| Groups are divided into sub groups called | Transition and representative |
| Rare earth metals are | lanthanides |
| The way an element behaves is largely to do with the number of electrons in the outer shell | True |
| The rearrangement of the atoms in a molecule cannot make a difference in the characteristics of compounds | False |
| What is the universal solvent | Water |
| It does not matter what the concentration of a solution is, it will always affect the same | False |
| An example of a dispersed medium is | The gel in bath gel |
| A cation is positive or negative charge? | Positive |
| How many Electrons are in the element carbon | six |
| There are 3 types of Chemical Reactions | Synthesis, Exchange, and decomposition |
| Enzymes | Help speed up chemical reactions in the body without changing itself |
| What are the characteristics of gas | no strong molecular forces between particles, all collisions are elastic, expand to fill the shape of containers |
| a conjugate base is the part of the joined compound that can donate the proton | True |
| Ionic bonds are soluble in water | False |
| What is a buffer | It neutralizes |
| Hydrophobic | water fearing |
| What is the primary purpose of ATP in the body | Provides energy |
| What does Mono mean | Single |
| What does Poly mean | Many |
| Name the 3 types of Macromolecules | Carbs, Proteins, Lipids |
| Smallest units of protein | monosacchrides |
| The 4 types of shapes a protein makes | Primary, Secondary, Tertiarary, Quaternary |
| What is the simplest form of Carbohydrates | Monosacchrides |
| What is the role of the dehydration synthesis in building up polymers | Takes out water |
| How many amino acids are there? | 20 |
| What type of bond do the amino acids form as they join in a chain? | Peptide Bond |
| How many amino acids do there need to be to be called a protein | 100 |
| Two important polysaccharides are | Cellulose and starch |
| What is diffusion | movement of molecules from high concentration to low concentration, no energy |
| Gas is always on the move | True |
| Kinetic Energy is | the crazy movement of gas particles bouncing everywhere in a container, on half the mass multiplied by the velocity squared |
| How many atmospheres are found at sea level | one |
| volume is indirectly related to temperature | False |
| Density is... | Mass/volume = density |
| A compound is.. | a substance in which two of more different elements are joined together,an example of one water molecule, an example of one NH3 (1 nitrogen 3 hydrogens |
| Heat is.. | Measured in calories of a substances containing energy |
| A sandwich contains 225 nutrional calories how many kcal does it have? | 225 |
| Kinetic energy is | the energy of motion |
| A hypothesis is a | statement or idea that describes or attempts to explain observable data |
| an experiment is | a controlled testing of the properties of a substance or system through carefully recorded measurements |
| A theory | predicts the outcome of new testing based on past experimental data |
| a scientific law is best described as | a hypothesis or theory that is tested repeatedly with the same results and thought to be without exception |
| Changing of matter is called | reaction |
| Protons are | Subatomic and exist in the core of an atom, Subatomic with positive charge, are found in the nucleus |
| Atoms are | Smallest particle not divided |
| Solids | have definite shape and volume |
| Physical Properties | Color, form, density |
| Produce hydrogen ions (H+) in solution | Acids |
| Have a bitter taste | Base |
| Produce hydroxide ions (OH-) | Base |
| React with bases to form salts | Acids |
| have a sour taste | acids |
| have a slippery, soapy feel | Base |
| React with acids to form salts | base |
| React with many metals and produces hydrogen gas | acids |
| Atomic number is | equal to the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom |
| Octave Rule | A rule showing the repeated chemical groups every eight elements, Noble gases are the example of the element of the rule |
| How many families of elements are there | 6 |
| Each period ends with a | Noble Gas |
| Noble Gases are in group? | VIII |
| Halogens are | Specific non metals |
| Atomic number | number of protons in an element |
| Atomic mass | protons + neutrons |
| Family of Fe (iron) | Transition element |
| the rearrangement of the atoms in a molecule cannot make a difference in the characteristics of compounds | False |
| The number of bonds an atom can form with another atom depends on | The electrons available to share, the chemical bond as the attachment between the atoms within a molecule, the number of electrons it can easily share with its neighbor |
| Salt added to water = | Separates into ions and ionizes |
| Buffer is | Neutralizing |
| Cations | Positive charge |
| Decomposition | Breaking down chemicals |
| Solute | Substance that is dissolved in another substance. The component of a solution that is present in the lesser amount |
| Solvent | A substance in which another substance is dissolved |
| Base | High pH, Slimy, bitter, hydrogen ion receivers |
| Extracellular Fluid | Fluid located outside of the cell |
| Acid + Base | Neutral |
| Exchange | Combo of synthesis and decomp |
| Interstitial Fluid | All fluid contained within the tissue, except the fluid found within lymph and blood vessels |
| Acid | Hydrogen donars, red on the pH littmans paper Below 7 on the pH scale |
| pH Scale | Measures concentration of hydrogen ions Lower concentration = higher pH # Higher concentration = lower pH # |
| Unsaturated Fat | Easier to break |
| Disaccharide | 2 monosaccharides joined together - synthesis reaction |
| Dehydration Synthesis | Takes out water |
| Prostaglandins | Mediate inflammation (unique to cattle) fight or flight |
| Lipoprotein | Lipid + Protein |
| Glycolipid | Sugar attached to fats |
| Saturated Fats | Completed saturated with hydrogen - hard to break, it bends |
| Oxidation | When an element gains an hydrogen but loses electron |
| Synthesis | Formation of chemicals |
| Intracellular Fluid | Fluid that is contained within a cell |
| Hydrophobic | Fear water |
| Protein | Most abundant organic molecules- widest variety of functions. used for cell structures control chemical reactions regulate growth defend from invaders |
| Glycoprotein | Carb or sugar attached to a protein helps adhesion of cells to other cells recognition of molecules to be transported into the cell |
| Polysaccharide | Combo of many monosaccharides celluse is the most abundant organic molecule |
| Monosaccharide | Simple sugar, simplest form of carbs 3-7 rings |
| Macromolecules | Large, long, complex repeating units Carbs, Lipids, Proteins |
| Thromboxane + Leukotrienes | Mediates platelet functions |
| Phospholipid | Phosphor and Lipid- one polar head, on non polar head |
| Neutral fats | Triglycerides 3 Fats, formed by dehydration synthesis |
| Lipids | Used for energy stored in fat for future energy 4 classes, neutral fats, steroids, phospholipids, eicosanoids |
| Enzymes | catalyze and speed up all reactions |
| Steroids | 4 rings lipid, chemical messengers cortisone, estrogen, progesterone, testosterone |
| Eicosanoids | Lipids formed from 20-carbon fatty acids mediate chemical processes |
| 4 Major Elements | Oxygen, Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen |
| Oxygen | highest element content in the body |
| Acids are hydrogen donars | true |
| Building blocks of nucleic acids | nucleotides |
| how many amino acids are there? | 20 |
| Electrolyte | A substance that creates an electric current in a solution |
Created by:
scouters861
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