caseys summer class
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| What three factors contribute to an increase in scatter radiation | Increased kvp, increased x ray field size, and increased anatomic part thickness
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| Which two kinds of x rays are responsible for optical density on a radiograph | Those that pass through the patient without interacting and those that are scattered in the patient through Compton interaction.
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| How does an increase in kVp affect scatter radiation | Scatter increases as kVp increases.
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| How does field size affect the level of scatter radiation | As field size is decreased, scatter decreases.
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| How does increased anatomic part thickness affect scatter radiation | As anatomic part thickness increases, scatter radiation increases.
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| How can the reduction of scatter radiation reaching the film be accomplished | By using collimators, grids, and compression.
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| How does compression affect patient dose and image contrast | Compression reduces patient dose and increases contrast.
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| What is the primary source of scatter radiation | The patient.
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| How does scatter affect the radiographic image | It impairs image quality by placing density on the film which is unrelated to patient anatomy.
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| Define the term beam-restricting device | A device that controls the size and shape of the primary beam.
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| How does restricting the X ray beam decrease the amount of scatter reaching the film | As the beam is restricted, fewer primary photons are emitted from the tube and collimator and fewer photons are created. (This also results in less patient dose.)
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| What are the three basic types of beam-restricting devices | Aperture diaphragms, cones/cylinders, and collimators.
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| Which type of beam-restricting device is the simplest | Aperture diaphragm (it is the simplest in design and application.)
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| What is the principle disadvantage of the aperture diaphragm | Increase in image blur
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| What are three applications for aperture diaphragms | X ray head units, dedicated chest radiography, and dental units.
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| What are the two major types of cones used in radiography | Cylinder and flared
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| What are the disadvantages of using cones/cylinders | Difficulty in alignment and fixed field size
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| What are some applications of cones/cylinders in radiography | Skull, spine and dental radiography, cholecystography, mammography
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| Which of the three types of beam restrictors is best | Collimators
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| What are two advantages of collimators over other types of beam-restrictors | X ray field is illuminated and it can be adjusted to infinite sizes.
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| What are positive beam-limiting collimators (PBL) | Automatic collimators that sense the size of the image receptor and adjust the collimating shutters to that size (Positive Beam Limitation was required until 1994)
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