Chemistry final exam
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| A ______ increases reaction rate by decreasing activation energy | Catalyst
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| Is HCL or NaOH a base? | NaOH
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| The reactions that occurs in hot packs is an example of a _______ reaction? | Exothermic
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| Does the reaction increase or decrease when temperature increases? | Increase
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| Lemon Juice had a pH of 2. Is it an acid or base? | Acid
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| Why isn't CH4 an Acid? | Because it has no ionizable hy
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| If Keg is less than 1, are reactants or products favored ar equilibruim? | Reactants
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| If Keg is more than 1, are reactants or products favored at equilibrium? | Products
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| Hydrogen bonding occurs between hydrogen and which other element? | Nitrogen, oxygen, and florine
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| Explain all the phase changes | Melting: S to L (Endo)
Freezing: L to S (Exo)
Vaporization: L to G (Endo)
Condensation: G to L (Exo)
Sublimation: S to G (Endo)
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| Explain why freezing is exothermic (in terms of kinetic energy and order) | L to S...... Loses energy to get colder.
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| Which state of matter conducts heat the best? | Solids!...because they are close particles and the closest particles have it were energy transfers the fastest.
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| Dilute | A Small Amount of Solute (Watered down)
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| Concentrated | Large amount of solute
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| The Ability of metals to be drawn into wire is called_____. | Ductility
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| Energy transfer with in water when we heat it up is called _____. | Convection
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| Name one change that can result in equilbrim during a reaction. | Concentration, Temperature, volume, or pressure.
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| Intermolecular Force (IMF'S) | Between weak molecules
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| Is CH4 an Acid? | No! Because it is non- polar (-H bonds)
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| Products of exothermic reaction have ______(less/more) energy than the reactants. | Less Energy
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| Energy transfer from a stove burner to a metal pot is called? | Conduction
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| Kinectic energy is directly proportional to _____. | Temperature
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| Oxidation takes place at the ______ | Anode
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| What is the oxidation state (number) of Na in NaF? | + 1
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| Which is stronger an IMF or a bond? | Bond! (James Bond)
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| Which has a stronger attractive force at room temperature.. a gas, liquid, or solid? | Solid
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| Which state of matter is the best condeuctor? | Solid
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| Which state of matter is the worst conductor? | Gas
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| The ability of metals to be pounded into sheets is called ____ | Malleability
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| What kind of bond will form between lithium and chlorine? | Ionic because it has 1 metal and 1 non-meatal.
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| The amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1g of substance by 1'C is a _____ | Calorie
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| If two objects are the same temperature, what can we conclude about their kinetic energy? | That it's the Same!!
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| Are ionic compounds good conductors in solution? | Yes!
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| Are ionic compounds good conductors as solids? | No!
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| How do you know if something is Exothermic? | If it feels warm.
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| Describe conduction | Energy that may be transferred by dirsct contact.
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| Whcih two reaction types are opposites? | Synthesis and decomposition.
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| Describe Equilibrium | Most chemical reactions reach a state of dtnamic equilbrium where the rates of the forward and reverse reactions are equal.
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| What does a Keg value of >1 tell us? | Greater concentration of products at equilbrium.
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| What does a Keg value of <1 tell us? | Greater concentration of reaction at equilbrium.
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| Two abjects are left in the sun for 2 hours. One is 100'F and the other is only 85'F. Which has a higher specfic heat? | 85'F
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| Calorie | 1 Calorie = 4.184J
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| Describe hydrogen bonding | A dipole-dipole force involving hydrogen bonds with N,O,or F
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| Redox reactions involve the _____ of electrons. | Transfer
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| What kind of bond will form between Oxygen and Nitrogen? | A Covalent Bond because its has 2 non-metal
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| How do you know when something is Endothermic? | If it feels cold.
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| Why does breaking bonds require energy? | Because to disrupt a stable situation, energy is needed.
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| Describe specfic heat | The amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of 1g by 1'C.
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| Does reaction rate increase or decrease when we add a catalyst? | Increase
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| Bleach has a pH of 13 is it an Acid or Base? | Base
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| The reaction that occurs in cold packs is an example of a ______ reaction | Endothermic
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| What kind of reaction goes in both direction? | Revisible
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| Who do different compounds exist in different phases at room temperature and the same pressure? | Because their are different strenths of attractive forces.
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| To melt an ionic compound what kind of force do we break? | Ionic Bonds
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| To melt a covalent compound what kind of forces do we break? | Intermoleculare Forces (IMF's)
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| What are the ideal gas law varibles? | P=Pressure
N= Moles
V= Volume
R= Ideal Gas
T= 265K
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| How do cata;yst work? | Lowers activation energy
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| Describe Gay- Lussac's Law | As Temp increase Press Increases.
As Temp decreases press decreases.
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| Describe Boyle's Law | As volume decreases press increases
As volume increases pressure decreases.
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| describe Charles Law | As the Temp increases volume increases.
As the Temp decreases Volume decreases.
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| Describe Gas | As Temperature increases, the speed of molecules increase causing more collisions and higher pressure! More collisons= Faster RXN rate!
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| Dipole- Dipole Forces | Attractions between oppositily charged regions of polar molecules.
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| Kinetic energy/ Entropy | As Temperature increases, the adverage Kinectic Energy and the enthropy of the molecules in the sample increase.
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| Dispersion forces | weak forces due to temporary shifts in electron density.
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| Explain why ionic solids have higher melting points than covalent solids. | To melt bonds they must be broken, which are much stronger than IMF's
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| How does the activation energy detrermine if a chemical Reaction will or will not occur? | For a reaction to occur, the molescules must be oriented correctly and must collide with enough energy.
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| Viscosity | Is the thickness/resistences to pouring.
High= Honey
Low= Water, Coke
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| Does reaction rate increase or decrease when concenstration of one reatant decreases? | Decreases
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| Does reation rate increase or decrease when we add an inhibitor? | Decrease
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| An unstable solution with more solute than an saturated solutions is called_____? | Supersaturated
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| What happens to boiling point when we add salt to water? | Increases
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