Anticancer Drugs
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cancer is a group of disorders characterized by (list 4) | 1) rampant growth of invasive cells, 2) lack of feedback mechanism r/t growth, 3) metastasis, 4) immortality
🗑
|
||||
| Cancer can occur due to activation of ____ or inactivation of ___, d/t (list 5) | Oncogenes; tumor suppression genes; UV, x-rays, radiotopes, drugs, viruses
🗑
|
||||
| The primary difficulty of anticancer drugs is... | The effect of drugs on normal fast-growing tissues
🗑
|
||||
| Cancer drugs interrupt the cell cycle at different points. List the cellular phases: | G1 phase - gap phase/undergoes growth. S phase - DNA synthesis. G2 phase - cap phase, prepares for cell division. M phase - mitosis. (G0 is resting phase)
🗑
|
||||
| True or false: solid tumor cells are slower/have low growth factor than leukemias | True
🗑
|
||||
| Most cancer drugs _____ affect high growth fraction | Nonspecifically
🗑
|
||||
| List four normal cell types that have high growth fraction | Hair, GI epithelium, bone marrow blood cells, sperm forming cells
🗑
|
||||
| True or false: once there is less cancer, the drug dose can be adjusted to a lower amount | False. Must keep doses high to kill every cancer cell
🗑
|
||||
| With solid tumors, drug Tx is given in combination with... | Surgery and radiation
🗑
|
||||
| When normal cells grow faster than cancer cells, _____ _____ therapy is done | Intermittent drug therapy
🗑
|
||||
| True or false: when used in combination, drug doses can be smaller | True
🗑
|
||||
| Combination drug therapy's advantages: | Generally more effective than single drug. Less drug resistance, increased killing of cancer cells, less impact on normal cells if drug selections cause different toxicities
🗑
|
||||
| True or false: combination drug therapy has more adverse effects and is more lethal | False. More AE but less lethal
🗑
|
||||
| Bone marrow contains these types of cells and have these AE | RBC, WBC, platelets. Anemia, infection, bleeding
🗑
|
||||
| _____ build RBC, ______- build WBC, ___ build platelets | Epogen/erythropoetin, Neupogen/filgrastim, Neumega/oprelvekin
🗑
|
||||
| GI cells have these AE. You would premedicate with | AE: N/V/D, stomatitis, dehydration, decreased food intake. Premedicate with Zofran/ondansetron, antidepressants, Marijuana, diet supplements
🗑
|
||||
| Sperm cells' AE and support offered | Mutagenesis. Sperm/egg bank prior to Tx and contraception
🗑
|
||||
| Cancer drugs given IV have ______ potential. Which means.... | Vesicant. When given IV, can kill surrounding tissues if leak out of vein. Vasoconstriction --> tissue necrosis
🗑
|
||||
| Carinogenesis means... | More likely to develop other cancers in lifetime
🗑
|
||||
| Erythropoietan is also known as... | Epogen/Procrit
🗑
|
||||
| Epogen is given via these routes and nurse should be aware of these SE | SQ/IV. Painful injection. Hypersensitivity, seizures, HTN
🗑
|
||||
| When treating a pt. with low RBC production, do the following RN actions: | Check fatigue, monitor O2 (NOT sat O2), safety, lab values to measure outcomes
🗑
|
||||
| True or false: when pt. has leukopenia, with bacterial infections will only display fever as symptom | False. Can show only fever with infections of all kinds.
🗑
|
||||
| Treat leukopenia with ______ via ___ (route). SE include | Filgrastim/Neupogen. SQ/IV, nausea, hypersensitivity
🗑
|
||||
| To manage leukopenia: | Prevent infection/handwash, avoid crowds and contact, vigilant temp checks @ home
🗑
|
||||
| Pt. with thrombocytopenia is at danger of __ & __. Treat with this drug via __ (route). Major AE is ____ | Bleeding and hemorrhage. Tx with oprelvekin/Neumega.
🗑
|
||||
| Nursing considerations with oprelvekin | No NSAIDs/anticoagulants. Monitor for bleeding everywhere. Precautions (soft toothbrush). Safety
🗑
|
||||
| Common cause of non-adherence with cancer drugs is ____ (side effect) | Severe diarrhea
🗑
|
||||
| To Tx GI SE, you would... | Provide antiemetic (Zofran/ondansetron), antidepressants, antianxiety (lorazepam, Ativan), marijuana, diet supplements
🗑
|
||||
| True or false: pt. with Hx of cancer often immediately develop another cancer | False. Usually happens many years later
🗑
|
||||
| What drug category is used to treat vesicant drug effects? | Vasodilators (particularly alpha antagonist)
🗑
|
||||
| True or false: most agencies require RNs to have special training to give cancer drugs | True
🗑
|
||||
| When handling anticancer drugs, what should a RN do for protection? | Consistently glove, wear eye/face protection
🗑
|
||||
| Anticancer drugs cannot be given if what is too low? | Blood components
🗑
|
||||
| The most common category of drugs used to cancer is... | Cytotoxic drugs
🗑
|
||||
| List subcategories of cytotoxic drugs and their corresponding meds | 1) antimetabolites (methotrexate), 2) alkylating (cytoxan), 3) antitumor antibiotics (streptomycin), 4) mitotic inhibitors (vincristine)
🗑
|
||||
| Methotrexate is given... and has what indications? | PO/IV. Ectopic pg, severe autoimmune diseases, skin, cancer
🗑
|
||||
| Other AE of streptomycin include... | Cardiomyopathies, dysrhythmias
🗑
|
||||
| True or false: vinblastine spares bone marrow and can cause neuropathies in extremities | FALSE. Vincristine does this. Vinblastine is a completely different drug
🗑
|
||||
| The least toxic category of anticancer drugs: _____ | Hormones and hormone antagonists/blockers
🗑
|
||||
| True or false: hormone/hormone antagonists are more selective in targeting cells | True. See: breast, cervix, uterus, prostate
🗑
|
||||
| What is the mechanism of action for hormone drug Tx? | Suppress production of hormone or block receptors for hormone that is supporting tumor's growth
🗑
|
||||
| List subcategories for hormone/hormone blockers | 1) glucocorticoids, 2) antiestrogens, 3) SERMs (selective estrogen receptor modulators), 4) anti-androgens, 5) progestins
🗑
|
||||
| Glucocorticoids at a high dose will suppress ___ | Lymphocytes
🗑
|
||||
| GCs are indicated for ___, _______, and ___ | Leukemias, Hodgkins, lymphomas
🗑
|
||||
| Tamoxifen is a ____, which blocks ________ | Antiestrogen/SERM, block estrogen receptors
🗑
|
||||
| True or false: SERMs can stimulate estrogen receptors | True. Some can also block estrogen R.
🗑
|
||||
| SERMs is used as _____ as well as treatment. | Preventative
🗑
|
||||
| List some good side effects of SERMs | Increased bone density, decreased LDL, increased HDL
🗑
|
||||
| AE of SERMs include | Uterine cancer, thrombophlebitis (DVT)
🗑
|
||||
| Anti-androgens used to treat... | Prostate cancer
🗑
|
||||
| Progrestins are used to _____ and also known as | Suppress uterine cancer; Depo-provera
🗑
|
||||
| CAM is known as _____ and can be used to cure or help with AE of meds | complementary and alternative medicine
🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Created by:
choel
Popular Pharmacology sets