Chemistry g
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| What is an alkali? | show 🗑
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| show | Acid + base --> salt + water
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| What is the reaction of a metal oxide or metal hydroxide with an acid? | show 🗑
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| show | Acid + carbonate --> salt + water + carbon dioxide
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| What 2 parts is salt made from? | show 🗑
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| Finish these equations of common acid and base reactions: HCl + NaOH ---> ____ + H2O _____ + CaCO3 ---> CaSO4 + H2O + CO2 2HNO3 + ___ ---> Cu[NO3]2 + H2O 2HCl + CaCO3 ---> CaCl2 + ___ + ___2 | show 🗑
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| What type of ions do acid solutions contain ? | show 🗑
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| What is universal indicator used for and what are the steps of using it? | show 🗑
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| show | Zinc oxide, zinc hydroxide or zinc carbonate
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| show | Magnesium sulphate
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| Write a balanced symbol equation for the reaction between HCl and ZnO | show 🗑
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| show | Hydroxide ions OH-
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| show | Work inside bracket 16+1= 17
Multiply the bracket 17x3= 51
Work outside bracket =27
Add all together 27+51=78
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| show | When chemicals react, the atoms of the reactants swap places to make new compounds, which are the products. They do not disappear.
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| What is the formula for working out the percentage yield? | show 🗑
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| Tim made 24g if crystals instead of 32g. What's the percentage yield? | show 🗑
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| How much carbon dioxide is made in the complete thermal decomposition of 59.5g nickel carbonate NiCO3? | show 🗑
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| show | To increase their crop yields
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| What is the formula for finding the percentage of each element in a fertliliser? | show 🗑
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| What's the relative formula mass of ammonium phosphate, (NH4)3PO4? | show 🗑
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| show | 14 x 3 = 42
42 / 149 x 100 = 28%
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| show | Nitric acid + potassium hydroxide --> potassium nitrate + water
Nitric acid + ammonium hydroxide --> ammonium nitrate + water
Sulphuric acid + ammonium hydroxide --> ammonium sulphate + water
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| Suggest how a solid example of potassium phosphate could be made. Outline all the main stages | show 🗑
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| What is eutrophication? | show 🗑
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| show | - iron catalyst
- high pressure
- temperature around 450c
- recycling system for unreacted nitrogen and hydrogen
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| show | Means higher rates but lower yields so it runs at optimum temperature of 450c
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| show | Nitrogen + hydrogen <---> ammonia
N2 + 3H2 <---> 2NH3
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| show | The yield would be too low
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| High pressure gives the highest yields in the Haber process, but it's not Used, why? | show 🗑
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| show | Organic acid and an alkali
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| show | 1. Dissolves grease stains
2. Dissolves in water at the same time
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| show | Forms bonds with the oil/grease
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| show | Forms bonds with the water and pulls grease off fabric/dish
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| show | Fabrics may be damaged by water and grease stains do not dissolve in water but do in dry-cleaning solvent
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| show | Intermolecular forces
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| show | Water to water
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| Whats a batch process? | show 🗑
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| show | It is a process plant which works at Full capacity making ongoing production
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| show | Effective because the plant works at full capacity all the time.
Disadvantage- reaction vessels and pipes only designed to work well at one level of output
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| show | -Strict safety laws
- research and development ( can take many years to develop)
- raw materials (may be rare and costly)
- labour intensive ( cost of workers, they are made by batch process so less automation is used. )
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| How long can it take to research, develop, test and patent a new drug? | show 🗑
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| show | Use- cutting tools, it is very hard. Jewellery, it is lustrous
Structure - tetrahedral
Properties- doesnt conduct electricity because it has no free electrons, high melting points because of the many strong covalent bonds
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| show | Use- pencil leads, slippery. Lubricants, slippery
Structure - Hexagonal
Properties- conducts electricity because of delocalised ions, slippery because layers of carbon atoms are weakly held together and can slide over each other.
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| show | Use- industrial catalyst, nanotubes ( semiconductors in electrical circuits or reinforce graphite in tennis rackets)
Structure- sphere
Properties- nanotubes have large surface area so can be used as cabs to trap other molecules
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| show | Allotropes
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| show | Graphite has delocalised electrons that can move about the structure
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| The shape of the individual particles - balls or tubes, sieves or cages - is their......a) giant structure b) covalent bond c) nano structure | show 🗑
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| What are the three main stages in water purification? | show 🗑
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| Explain why each stage is used in the purification process? | show 🗑
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| show | The water needs to be heated to boiling point then cooled down.
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| Why does producing tap water increase the climate change? | show 🗑
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| show | a) renewable
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| show | Precipitation
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| In a precipitation reaction, how many solutions react to form a solid that doesnt dissolve? | show 🗑
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| show | 2AgNO3(aq) + MgBr2(aq) ---> 2AgBr(s) + Mg(NO3)2(aq)
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Created by:
Lowri
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