Treatment for Conditions of the Lower Extremity
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| What is evaluation? | A dynamic process in which the PT makes clinical judgments based on data gathered during the examination. "Synthesis of all findings"
🗑
|
||||
| Describe the interpretation process of data collected during the examination. | After gathering data, the PT must be able to put together a conclusion and make clinical judgments based on findings.
🗑
|
||||
| Who can make clinical judgments? | PTs are the only professionals allowed to synthesize and make clinical judgments.
🗑
|
||||
| What is included in the history portion? | Provides a working diagnosis
MOI: Traumatic or overuse?
Age/work-related?
🗑
|
||||
| General causes of patellofemoral pain: | Alignment Issues - Structural or Functional
🗑
|
||||
| General causes of shin splints: | Force attenuation
Issues related to the arch of the foot
🗑
|
||||
| General causes of Osgood Schlatter Syndrome: | Dominant quadriceps (classic diagnosis)
Many times the problem is not the quadriceps. Possibility - quads are just being overused b/c other joints/muscles are not functioning correctly. Address problematic structures and treat swelling in quads.
🗑
|
||||
| Terrible Triad causes and structures involved. | Caused by lateral or torsion force.
Structures involved: ACL, MCL, Medial Meniscus
🗑
|
||||
| Common cause of lateral ankle sprain. | Inversion mechanism
🗑
|
||||
| 3 Treatments of the Pinball Triad | 1. Joint Mobilization
2. Therapeutic Exercises
3. Soft Tissue Mobilization
🗑
|
||||
| Increased range of motion without strength = what? | Instability - Therefore, the patient must develop strength with new increased range to keep the joint stable
🗑
|
||||
| Therapeutic Exercise of the LE. (6 listed) | Passive Motion
Gravity Neutral Motion
Active Motion
Active-Assisted Motion
Resisted Motion
Stretching: nerves, soft tissue, etc. Gain range.
🗑
|
||||
| Stretching Techniques of the LE. (4 listed) | Static Stretching
PNF Stretching
Manual Stretching
3D Stretching
🗑
|
||||
| Static Stretching | Low Load Prolonged Stretch (LLPS) for inert tissues
🗑
|
||||
| Creep | Elongation of a muscle or joint after placed under static load over time
🗑
|
||||
| PNF Stretching and Neurological-Related Components "tricks" | PNF: for contractile structures (muscle/tendon)
Neurological Components: for stretching muscles
- Contract/Relax
- Reciprocal Inhibition
- Distraction
🗑
|
||||
| 3D Stretching | Customized for individual stretching needs
🗑
|
||||
| TERT stands for: | Total End Range Time
🗑
|
||||
| Optimal Time for TERT Stretching | 1 hour per day - can be broken up into two 30 min sessions or four 15 minute sessions.
🗑
|
||||
| Describe the contract/relax mechanism. | A muscle will fully relax after a complete contraction. A muscle that is not fully relaxed cannot be stretched effectively. In order to completely relax a muscle for stretching, the patient completes a maximal contraction. After a max contraction-stretch.
🗑
|
||||
| Describe the mechanism of reciprocal inhibition. | The nervous system can cause a muscle to relax when its antagonist is fully contracted (GTOs). Maximal contraction of the antagonist will cause the agonist to more fully relax so inert tissues can be stretched.
🗑
|
||||
| Distraction and PNF: | Use approximation to facilitate muscle contraction. While performing a PNF pattern, approximation/compression of a jt. will facilitate contraction of surrounding muscles. Distraction of the joint during PNF causes relaxation of muscles around the jt.
🗑
|
||||
| Intervention in the Acute/Inflammatory Phase: | 4-6 days
Patient education - prognosis
Control pain,edema, spasm - RICE, Gr. 1 Mobs., Myofascial Release
Maintain Tissue Dynamics - PROM/light isometrics, EMS to maintain contractility of the muscles, incr. lymphatic drainage & blood flow (controls pai
🗑
|
||||
| Cont. Intervention in the Acute/Inflammatory Phase: | Reduce Swelling - monophasics for fluid movement of polar components w/ e-.
- Compression
- Strict immobilization or relative rest (minimal to prevent adverse affects on tissue dynamics.
- HVGS
Maintain associated, tissues - exercise & strengthenin
🗑
|
||||
| Intervention in Chronic/Remodeling Phase: | 3-6 months after subacute depending on severity/vascularity
Patient education: safe progression & reinjury avoidance
Increase Mobility: Progress stretching, Gr. III - IV joint mobs., soft tissue mobs to reorganize scar tissue
🗑
|
||||
| Cont. Intervention in Chronic/Remodeling Phase: | Improve control, endurance, strength: Exercise (submaximal/maximal), specificity of training (complexity, speed,integration), cardio endurance, progress functional activity
🗑
|
||||
| Types of Medical Management | Conservative
Surgical: type of procedure, post-surgical precautions, tissue healing times
Knoe medications Pt. is currently on
🗑
|
||||
| List of possible findings | Hypomobility/Hypermobility
Weakness
Muscle imbalances/Mechanics
Length/Tension: active/passive insufficiency
Kinetic Chain
Refer When Appropriate
🗑
|
||||
| Muscles prone to weakness: | Peroneals
Anterior Tibialis
Vastus Medialis/Lateralis
Gluteus Max/Med/Min
Cores Muscles/Obliques
🗑
|
||||
| Cause of patellofemoral syndrome | Vastus medialis is not always the cause
🗑
|
||||
| Weakness in specific muscles can result in: | Muscle imbalances/improper arthrokinematics
🗑
|
||||
| Muscles prone to tightness: | Triceps Surae
Posterior Tibialis
Short Hip Adductors
Hamstrings
Rectus Femoris
Iliopsoas
Tensor Fascia Latae
Piriformis
🗑
|
||||
| 2 Joint Muscles: Tightness | Affects joint mobility and active/passive insufficiency.
2 joint muscles that prone to tightness are prone because they are not regularly used through full range. Normally used in shortened positions.
🗑
|
||||
| Common Hip Pathology: Muscles prone to tendinitis or strain | Flexors
Adductors
Hamstrings
🗑
|
||||
| Common Hip Pathology: Hip Bursae - Bursitis | Trochanteric
Psoas
Ischioinguinal
🗑
|
||||
| Common Hip Pathology: Others | Labral Tear: Acetabular
Fracture: Femoral neck/Acetabular
Arthritis
🗑
|
||||
| Common Foot Pathology: Plantar Fascitis Causes | Pronation
Heel Cord
🗑
|
||||
| Jones' Fracture | Stress fracture of the 5th metatarsal
🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Created by:
BKBSPT
Popular Physical Therapy sets