National Counseling Exam - Concepts to Memorize
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| Freud Psychosexual Stage: Phallic | show 🗑
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| Freud Psychosexual Stage: Genital | show 🗑
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| Freud Psychosexual Stage: Oral | show 🗑
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| show | Stage 4 - Focus on repressing sexual urges / Social Interactions, Hobbies
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| Freud Psychosexual Stage: Anal | show 🗑
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| Erikson Psychosocial Stage: Industry v. Inferiority | show 🗑
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| show | (3-6)Purpose, Explore environment & People
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| show | (1-3)Exploration, Child develops physical autonomy
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| show | (B-1)Attachment, Child develops parental bonds
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| show | (18-30)Love, Intimate relationships
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| show | (12-18)Identity/Goals, Find themselves
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| show | (30-LA)Caring for Others, Focus on future generations
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| show | Wisdom, Life review
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| Piaget Cognitive Developmental Stages: Concrete Operational | show 🗑
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| show | Task:(12+)Hypothetical Thinking/Organizing Ideas and "What ifs"
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| Piaget Cognitive Developmental Stages: Sensorimotor | show 🗑
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| Piaget Cognitive Developmental Stages: Pre-Operational | show 🗑
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| show | Work w. Machines and/or hands
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| show | Work w. Feeling and Creativity
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| show | Work w. Intellect and/or abstract thinking
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| Holland Hexagram: Conventional | show 🗑
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| show | Work w. Interpersonal Situations
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| show | Work w. a Dominating Personality
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| show | Carl Jung - Analytic Psychology
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| Counseling Theory: This theory focuses on social urges and behavior associated with it. Life is a struggle for superiority. | show 🗑
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| Counseling Theory: This theory focused on ego functions. Theorists felt stress/anxiety focused on social beings and anxiety was rooted in disruptions of basic security. | show 🗑
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| show | Harry Stack Sullivan - Interpersonal Theory of Psychiatry
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| Counseling Theory: This theory focused on Unconditional Positive Regard, Congruence, and Empathy. | show 🗑
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| Counseling Theory: This Theory is focued on wholeness and that disturbed people become fragmented. 5 Layers must be peeled to reach happiness. | show 🗑
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| Counseling Theory: This Theory focused on therapy focused on meaning. Main approaches gear towards finding life meaning, Anxiety, and Awareness of Death. | show 🗑
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| show | Eric Berne - Transactional Analysis
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| show | Pavlov - Classical Conditioning
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| Counseling Theory: This Therapy is based in a behavioral sense. Uses counter conditioning to decrease anxiety to a stimulus. | show 🗑
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| show | BF Skinner - Operant Conditioning
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| Operant Conditioning: Does all reinforcement decrease behavior? | show 🗑
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| Operant Conditioning: Example - Taking away a video game from a child who is yelling. What is concept? | show 🗑
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| show | Positive Punishment: Adding something to decrease behavior
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| Operant Conditioning: Approaches to punishments and reinforcers are called? | show 🗑
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| Theoretical Concept: We learn vicariously through others. We imitate those who receive rewards for behavior. | show 🗑
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| show | William Glasser - Reality Therapy
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| Counseling Theory: This theory focuses on irrational v. rational thoughts. The application focuses on thinking, judging, analyzing, doing, and re-deciding. | show 🗑
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| Counseling Theory: Theory focused on Cognitive Modification and Coping Skillt training to manage depression, anxiety, etc. Uses stress inoculation. | show 🗑
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| Counseling Theory: This Theory focused on distortions in cognition. Focus is on the interpretation of the event. | show 🗑
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| Counseling Theory: This theory touches on solutions and never problems. Techniques uses scaling and exceptions to accentuate the ability for clients to solve their own problems. | show 🗑
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| show | Michael White/David Epstein - Narrative Therapy
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| show | Pri-Preventative (Guidance)
Sec-Remedial to shorten duration of disorder (Grief, Rape, etc.)
Ter-Psychotherapy (Long Term Disorders)
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| Group Techniques: 2 Main risks of group | show 🗑
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| show | Linking
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| show | No, Its Called horizontal. Vertical would be if the work was with one person at a time.
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| show | Storming
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| show | Rowe - Personality Approach
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| Career Theories: Theory that focused on career decisions being reversible and occurring over the lifespan. Goal was matching career and life changes for the lifespan. | show 🗑
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| show | Donald Super - Development Career Counseling
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| show | John O. Kreitz
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| show | Tiedman & O'Hara - Individualistic Decision Making Perspective
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| Career Theories: This theorist focuses on the concept that people choose careers where they have been reinforced in their life. Importance is trying out different jobs. | show 🗑
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| show | Gelatt Decision Model
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| show | Homeostasis
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| show | Double Bind Hypothesis
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| show | Equifinality
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| Family Terms: Same process can produce different results | show 🗑
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| show | Circular Feedback
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| Family Terms: Father of Family Therapy | show 🗑
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| show | Splitting
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| show | Behavioral Family Therapy
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| show | Family Systems Theory - Murray Bowen
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| show | Structural Family Therapy - Salvador Minuchin
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| show | Strategic Marriage and Family Therapy - Jay Haley
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| Family Theories: This brief approach focuses on solutions, not problems. Does not use catharsis and may last one session. | show 🗑
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| show | 1st - Continuing to do what worked previously
2nd - Ability to make a new response
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| Group Techniques: 1st person credited with group counseling | show 🗑
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| show | Conducted in Social Context
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| show | 8
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| show | Pre-Screening
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| Group Techniques: Term given to a process of deciding whether a group is appropriate for the focus under consideration. | show 🗑
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| show | Process - Focus on member interactions
Product - Focused on outcome
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| Group Techniques: Feeling that members would have in a positive group. Feeling that others understand them. | show 🗑
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| show | Blocking
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| Group Techniques: Is there such a thing as an unstructured group? | show 🗑
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| show | Sociogram
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| show | Self-Disclosure
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| show | Authoritainan-Leader Centered
Democratic-People Centered
Lasissez-Faire - No Designed Leaders
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| show | Experimentation
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