Chapter 10 - Medical Terminology
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| caus/o | burning, burn
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| concuss/o | shaken together, violent agitated
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| contus/o | bruise
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| encephal/o | brain
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| -esthesia | sensation, feeling
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| esthet/o | feeling, nervous sensation, sense of perception
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| -graphy | the process of producing a picture or record
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| klept/o | to steal
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| -mania | obsessive preoccupation
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| mening/o | membranes, meninges
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| myel/o | spinal cord, bone marrow
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| neur/i & neur/o | nerve, nerve tissue
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| -phobia | abnormal fear
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| psych/o | mind
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| multiple sclerosis | progressive autoimmune disorder characterized by inflammation that causes demyelination of the myelin sheath
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| Bell's Palsy | temp. paralysis of the 7th cranial nerve that causes paralysis only of the affected side of the face
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| cerebral palsy | condition characterized by poor muscle control, spasticity, speech defects, and other neurological deficiencies due to damage that affects the cerebrum
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| cerebrovascular accident | a stroke or CVA
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| delirium | an acute condition of confusion, disorientation, disordered thinking and memory, agitation, and hallucinations
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| cervical radiculopathy | nerve pain caused by pressure on the spinal nerve roots in the neck region
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| Guillain-Barre Syndrome | (infectious polyneuritis) - inflammation of the myelin sheath of the peripheral nerves, characterized by rapidly worsening muscle weakness that can lead to temporary paralysis.
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| hyperesthesia | condition of abnormal and excessive sensitivity to touch, pain, or other sensory stimuli
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| cerebral confusion | bruising of brain tissue as the result of a head injury that causes the brain to bounce against the rigid bone of the skull
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| syncope | (fainting) - the brief loss of consciousness caused by the decreased flow of blood to the brain
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| neurotransmitters | chemical substances that make it possible for messages to cross from the synapse of a neuron to the target receptor
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| schizophrenia | psychotic disorder usually characterized by withdrawal from reality, illogical patterns of thinking, delusions, and hallucinations, and accompanied in varying degrees by other emotional, behavioral, or intellectual disturbances.
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| Reye's Syndrome | potentially serious or deadly disorder in children thats characterized by vomiting and confusion
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| peripheral neuropathy | (peripheral neuritis) - disorder of the nerves that carry info to and from the brain and spinal cord
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| parethesia | refers to a burning or prickling sensation thats usually felt in the hands, arms, legs, or feet, but can also occur in other parts of the body
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| ischemic stroke | most common type of stroke in older people, occurs when the flow of blood to the brain is blocked
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| hydrocephalus | condition in which excess cerebrospinal fluid accumulates in the ventricles of the brain
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| electroencephalography | process of recording the electrical activity of the brain through the use of electrodes attached to the scalp
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| encephalitis | an inflammation of the brain, can be caused by a viral infection (rabies)
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| echoencephalography | use of ultrasound imaging to diagnose a shift in the midline structures of the brain
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| cranial hematoma | a collection of blood trapped in the tissues of the (cranial) brain
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| causalgia | persistent, severe burning pain that usually follows an injury to a sensory nerve
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| trigeminal neuralgia | characterized by lightning-like pain due to an inflammation of the 5th cranial nerve
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| trichotillomania | disorder characterized by the repeated pulling out of one's hair
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| shaken baby syndrome | results of a child being violently shaken by someone
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| sciatica | inflammation of the sciatic nerve that results in pain, burning, and tingling along the cause of the affected sciatic nerve through the thigh, leg, and foot
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| posttraumatic stress disorder | may develop after an event involving actual or threatened death/injury to the individual or someone else, during which the person felt intense fear, helplessness, or horror
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| Parkinson's Disease | chronic, degenerative central nervous disorder characterized by muscle tremors, rigidity, and a slow or shuffling gait
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| panic attack | characterized by a group of intense emotional feelings that include apprehension, fearfulness, and terror
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| obsessive-compulsive disorder | anxiety disorder characterized by recurrent, unwanted obsessions and/or compulsions
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| narcolepsy | sleep disorder consisting of sudden and uncontrollable brief episodes of falling asleep during the day.
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| myelography | radiographic study of the spinal cord after the injection of a contrast medium through a lumbar puncture
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| myelitis | inflammation of the spinal cord
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| migraine headache | can be preceded by a warning aura, characterized by throbbing pain on one side of the head
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| meningocele | congenital herniation of the meninges through a defect in the skull or spinal column
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| meningitis | inflammation of the meninges of the brain and spinal cord
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| lethargy | lowered level of consciousness marked by listlessness, drowsiness, and apathy
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| hypochondriasis | characterized by fearing that one has a serious illness despite appropriate medical evaluation and reassurance
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| hemorrhagic stroke | (bleed) -occurs when a blood vessel in the brain leaks
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| hallucination | sensory perception
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| factitious disorder | condition in which an individual acts as if he/she has a physical/mental illness when he/she is not really sick
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| epilepsy | chronic neurological condition characterized by recurrent episodes of seizures of varying severity
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| epidural anesthesia | regional anesthesia produced by injecting a local anesthetic into the epidural space of the lumbar or sacral region of the spine
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| dyslexia | (developmental reading disorder) - a learning disability characterized by substandard reading achievement due to the inability of the brain to process symbols
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| dura matter | thick, tough, outermost membranes of the meaning
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| dementia | slowly progressive decline in mental abilities, including memory, thinking and judgement, thats often accompanied by personality changes
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| delusion | false personal belief thats maintained despite obvious proof or evidence to the contrary
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| delirium tremens | disorder involving sudden and severe mental changes or seizures caused by abruptly stopping the use of alcohol
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| concussion | violent shaking up or jarring of the brain
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| coma | profound (deep) state of consciousness marked by the absence of spontaneous eye movements, no response to painful stimuli, and lack of speech
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| cognition | describes the mental activities association with thinking, learning, and memory
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| claustrophobia | abnormal fear of being in narrow or enclosed spaces
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| carotid ultrasonography | an ultrasound study of the carotid artery
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| autism | (autistic disorders) - describes a group of conditions in which a young child can't develop normal social relationships, compulsively follows repetitive routines, and frequently has poor communication skills
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| anesthetist | medical professional who specializes in administering anesthesia but NOT a physician ex. nurse anesthetist
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| anesthetic | medication used to induce anesthesia
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| amyotrophic lateral sclerosis | (Lou Gehrig's Disease) - rapidly progressive neurological disease that attacks that nerve cells responsible for controlling voluntary muscles
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| Alzheimer's Disease | group of disorders involving the parts of the brain that control thought, memory, and language
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| anxiety disorders | characterized by chronic anxiety plus exaggerated worry/tension even when there's little/ nothing to provoke these feelings
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| acrophobia | excessive fear of being in high places
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| -tropic | having an affinity for
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| cerebral contusion | a brain of the brain tissue
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| esthet/o | feeling
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| concuss/o | shaken together
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| psych | mind
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| contus/o | bruise
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| encephal/o | brain
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| -esthesia | sensation, feeling
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| mening/o | brain covering
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| causo/ | burning sensation
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| delirium | acute condition caused by a high fever that is characterized by confusion, disorientation, disordered thinking, agitation, and hallucinations.
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