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Chapter 21 Vocabulary Words

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Question
Answer
Chemical Reaction   A change in which one or more substances are converted into new substances.  
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Reactant   The substances that react.  
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Product   The new substances that are produced.  
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Chemical Equation   A way to describe a chemical reaction using formulas and other symbols.  
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Coefficient   The numbers in a chemical equation that represents the number of units of each substance taking part in a chemical reaction.  
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Subscript   In a chemical formula, a number below and to the right of a symbol indicating number of atoms.  
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Balanced Chemical Equation   This has the same number of atoms of each element on both sides of the equation.  
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Combustion Reaction   Occurs when a substance reacts with oxygen to produce energy in the form of heat and light.  
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Synthesis Reaction   Two or more substances combine to form another substance.  
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Decomposition Reaction   Occurs when one substance breaks down into two or more substances.  
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Single-displacement Reaction   When one element replaces another element in a compound.  
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Double-displacement Reaction   When the positive ion of one compound replaces the positive ion of the other to form two new compounds.  
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Precipitate   An insoluble compound that comes out of solution during a double-displacement reaction.  
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Oxidation   The term to describe the loss of electrons in a reaction.  
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Reduction   The term to describe the gain of electrons in a reaction.  
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Chemical Bond   The force that holds two atoms together.  
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Exergonic Reaction   Chemical reactions that release energy.  
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Exothermic Reaction   Energy given off in a reaction in the form of heat.  
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Endergonic Reaction   Chemical reaction that requires energy to begin.  
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Endothermic Reaction   Chemical reaction that requires heat energy to begin.  
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Catalyst   A substance that speeds up a chemical reation without being permanently changed itself.  
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Inhibitor   A substance that slows down a chemical reaction.  
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