Radiology Terminology
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| Abduction | Away from body
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| Inversion | Hand or foot turned inward
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| Midsagittal | Dives body into equal right and left sections
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| Midcoronal | Divides body into anterior and posterior sections
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| Transverse | Cross-sectional slices of the body
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| Radiograph | Images illustrated on x-ray film
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| Projection | Path of beam
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| Anatomical Position | Patient standing with palms up, head straight, arms at the side
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| Supine | Lying on back
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| Prone | Lying on front
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| Recumbent | General term for lying down
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| Trendelenburg | Head lower than feet
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| Dorsal | Back
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| Ventral | Front
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| PA | Central ray path from posterior to anterior
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| AP | Central ray from anterior to posterior
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| Lateral | Patient on side
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| Oblique | Part angled sometimes 45 degrees
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| Decubitus | Horizontal beam
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| Caudal | Tube angled toward feet
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| Cephalic | Toward head
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| Pronate | To turn arm so that palm of hand faces down
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| Projection (Central Ray) | Describes path of radiation as it goes from x-ray tube through patient to film.
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| Decubitus projection | Patient is lying down and CR is parallel to horizon
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| Left Posterior Oblique | Patient is lying face up with right side up and left side down.
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| Proximal | Near the source
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| Inferior | Below
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| Superior | Above
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| Distal | Farthest from the source
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| Flexion | Bending of part
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| Extension | Straightening of part
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| Right Anterior Oblique | Patient's right anterior surface touching cassette at a 45-degree angle.
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| Medial | Refers to parts toward the midline or middle of a part.
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| Deep | Farther from the skin surface
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| Contralateral | On the opposite side
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| Ipsilateral | On the same side
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| Superficial | Near the skin surface
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| Cephalad | Toward the head end of the body
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| Caudad | Away from the head end
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| Plantar | Sole of the foot
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| Dorsum | Top or anterior surface of the foot or posterior surface of hand
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| Circumduction | Circular movement of limb away from body
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| Rotation | Turning or rotating of body/body part around its axis
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| Tilt | Tipping or slanting a body part slightly
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| Fowler's Position | Head higher than feet
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| Lithotomy Position | Supine position with knees and hip flexed and thighs abducted and rotated externally, supported by ankle supports (Pap Smear)
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| Sim's Position | Recumbent position with patient lying on left anterior side with left leg extended and right knee/thigh partially flexed
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| Dorsal Recumbent | Lying on back
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| Ventral Recumbent | Lying face down
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| Decubitus Position | Patient lying down, CR is horizontal and parallel with floor
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| Lordotic Position | Patient leans backward in upright position, with only shoulder in contact with IR
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| Lateral Projection | Perpendicular CR enters either side of body/part, passes traversely along coronal plane, and exits opposite side
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| Tangential Projection | CR directed toward outer margin of a curved body surface to profile body part just under surface
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| True Position | Specifically indicates that body part must be placed exactly in anatomic position
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| Axial Projection | Longitudinal angulation of CR with long axis of body or body part, 10 degrees or more
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