Motivation
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| Motivation | a need or desire that energizes and directs behavior
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| Instinct | a complex, unlearned behavior that is rigidly patterned throughout a species
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| Drive-Reduction Theory | the idea that a physiological need creates an aroused state in an organism that motivates that motivates them to satisfy the need
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| Homeostasis | the tendency to maintain a balanced internal state
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| Incentive | a positive or negative stimulus that motivates behavior
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| Hierarchy of Needs | Maslow's pyramid of needs. It beings with basic physiological needs and progresses to safety and psychological needs.
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| Glucose | sugar that circulates in the blood a provides the primary source of energy for tissues
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| Set Point | an individual's predetermined weight. The body may trigger hunger or a slower metabolic rate if weight falls below this level.
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| Basal Metabolic Rate | The body's resting rate of energy expenditure
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| Anorexia Nervosa | An eating disorder in which a person with normal weight starves themselves and becomes significantly underweight
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| Bulimia Nervosa | An eating disorder characterized by overeating followed by vomiting
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| flow | a completely focused state of consciousness characterized by a loss of awareness of space and time
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| Industrial-Organizational Psychology | The use of psychology to optimize human behaviors in workplaces
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| Personnel Psychology | a subfield of industrial-organizational psychology that focuses on recruiting and training employees
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| Organizational Psychology | a subfield of industrial-organizational psychology that facilitates organizational changes
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| Achievement Motivation | a desire to attain mastery of people, things, or ideas, or to hold oneself to a high standard
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| Task Leadership | A leadership style that focuses on organization, goal-setting, and achieving measurable standards
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| Social Leadership | A group-oriented leadership style that focuses on resolving conflict and building teamwork
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| Arousal Theory | The theory that motivation arises from a desire to seek the optimum level of arousal
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| Evolutionary Theory | The theory that humans are motivated by genes that predispose them towards certain species-typical behaviors
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| Serotonin | A neurotransmitter that controls sleep, hunger, and arousal
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| Self-Actualization | A highest level of Maslow's pyramid where a person learns to realize their full potential
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| Intrinsic Motivation | A drive that arises from an internal desire to achieve
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| Extrinsic Motivation | A drive that arises from a desire to gain external rewards
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| Lateral Hypothalamus | The sides of the Hypothalamus, which help to control hunger
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| Ventromedial Hypothalamus | The lower mid-Hypothalamus, which depresses hunger
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| Hunger Motivation | An aroused state induced by food deprivation, which is usually regulated by the hypothalamus
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| Theory X | A commanding management strategy that relies on strong directions
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| Theory Y | A management strategy that views employees as capable equals, and demands that they are treated with respect
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