Literature terminology that will be seen on the AP Lit exam.
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| Antithesis | A rhetorical opposition or contrast of ideas by means of grammatical arrangement of words, clauses, or sentences. Ex: "They promised freedom but provided slavery" / "Ask not what your country can do for you, but what you can do for your country"
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| Aphorism | A short, pithy statement of a generally accepted truth or sentiment.
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| Apollonian | In contrast to Dionysian, it refers to the most godlike, noble qualities of human nature and behavior.
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| Apostrophe | Speaker addresses a person or thing that is not present.
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| Archetype | An abstract or ideal conception of a type; a perfectly typical example; an original model or form.
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| Bathos | The use of insincere or overdone sentimentality. "Bad pathos"
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| Allegory | A story in which the narrative or characters carry an underlying symbolic, metaphorical, or possibly an ethical meaning.
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| Ambiguity | A vagueness of meaning; a conscious lack of clarity meant to evoke multiple meanings of explanation.
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| Anachronism | A person, scene, event, or other element of literature that fails to correspond with the time or era in which the work was set.
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| Bildungsroman | A German word referring to a novel structured as a series of events that take place as the hero travels in quest of a goal.
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| Bombast | Inflated, pretentious language used for trivial subjects.
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| Cacophony | Grating, inharmonious sounds.
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| Caesura | A pause somewhere in the middle of the verse, often (but not always) marked by punctuation.
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| Canon | The works considered most important in national literature or period; works widely read and studied.
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| Catharsis | A cleansing of the spirits brought about by the pity and terror of a dramatic tragedy.
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| Conceit | A witty or ingenious thought
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| Deus ex machina | In literature, the use of an artificial device or gimmick to solve a problem.
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| Elegy | Poem that laments on death.
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| Enjambment | The use of successive lines without break or punctuation in between them.
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| Euphony | Pleasing, harmonious sounds.
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| Eponymous | The word for the title character.
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| Exegesis | A detailed analysis of a work of literature.
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| Explication | The interpretation or analysis of a text.
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| Frame | Structure that provides premise or setting for a narrative.
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| Hubris | Excessive pride that leads to character's downfall.
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| Image | A word or phrase that represents something that can be seen, touched, tasted, smelled, or felt.
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| Invective | A direct verbal assault.
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| Litotes | A form of understatement in which the negative of the contrary is used to achieve emphasis or intensity.
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| Metaphysical poetry | The work of 17th century poets that uses elaborate conceits, is highly intellectual, and expresses the complexities of love and life.
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| Metonymy | A figure of speech that uses the name of one thing to represent something else with which it is associated.
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| Motif | A phrase, idea, or even that through repetition serves to unify or convey a theme in a work of literature.
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| Ode | A lyric poem usually marked by serious, respectful, and exalted feelings toward the subject.
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| Synecdoche | A figure of speech in which a art signifies the whole, or the whole signifies the part. Pig skin = football is also applicable.
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| Trope | The generic name for a figure of speech such as an image, symbol, simile, and metaphor.
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| Verisimilitude | Similar to the truth; the quality of realism that persuades the readers that they are getting a vision of life as it is.
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