Humanities finals
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each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Who was the greatest Greek author of comedy plays? | Aristophanes
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| Where were the centers of Greek art and learning in the Hellenistic Period? | Alexandria, Pergamum, and Antioch
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| Who was the author of Antigone and Oedipus the King? | Sophocles
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| What was the primary function of the chorus in Greek theater? | To provide a commentary upon a drama
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| Who is the most famous Roman satirist? | Juvenal
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| According to Aristotle, what caused the downfall of tragic heroes? | A character flaw
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| What was the name of the large open space in the center of Rome used for meetings of the Senate and the assemblies of the people? | Forum
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| What was the function of the Pont du Gard? | It was an aqueduct
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| Who was the first emperor of the Roman Empire? | Emperor Augustus
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| What name is given to the period of history following the death of Alexander the Great in 323 B.C.E. (and until the rise of the Roman Empire)? | The Hellenistic Period
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| What story was told by the Laocoön sculpture? | A priest and his sons being strangled by sea serpents
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| What principal school of philosophy in Rome believed that the proper goal of life was pleasure? | Epicureanism
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| What are the two main periods of Roman history called? | Republican and Imperial Rome
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| What was the cause of the Peloponnesian War? | Athens’s use of the Delian League’s treasury
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| What school did Aristotle found in 335 B.C.E.? | The Lyceum
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| What is the Roman equivalent to the Greek god Dionysus? | Bacchus
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| Which style did Roman architecture prefer? | Corinthian
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| What political events characterized the last century of the Roman Republic (133 B.C.E. to 31 B.C.E.)? | Power struggles between Marius, Sulla, Pompey and Caesar
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| Who introduced the idea of catharsis in the analysis of drama? | Aristotle
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| According to the Ara Pacis (Altar of Peace), how did Augustus want to be remembered by future generations? | As a leader in Rome’s glorious ascendancy
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| According to the Bible, who was the father (patriarch) of the Hebrews? | Abraham
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| Who was the most important poet of the T'ang Dynasty ? | Li-po
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| What musical tradition had the greatest influence on early Christian churches? | Jewish chanting of sacred texts
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| What topics were treated in the Chinese Classis of Songs? | Themes of love, family life and public affairs
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| Which dynasty reigned during China's "Golden Age"? | T’ang
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| What is antiphonal singing? | Singing in which two sections of the congregation alternate in chanting lines from psalms
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| Which Indian emperor unified all of India? | Ashoka
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| Which emperor in C.E. 312 issued in Milan a decree of toleration for Christianity (and other religions)? | Emperor Constantine
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| What is the Septuagint? | A Greek version of the old testament
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| What ruler was called "The Sun of Power"? | Chandra Gupta II
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| What is the subject of the earliest monumental Indian sculpture? | The Lion Capital
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| Who was the traditional founder of Taoism? | Loa-tzu
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| What was the "Babylonian Captivity"? | A period of Hebrew exile
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| Why were early Christians persecuted by the government of Rome? | They refused to renounce their faith
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| What famous church was built in Rome during the reign of the Emperor Constantine? | Saint Peter’s Basilica
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| What are the Beatitudes? | The core teachings of Jesus
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| What is a central image in Taoist art? | Water flowing over rocks
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| Which of the following contains the oldest religious texts (compiled around 1000 B.C.E.) in India? | Vedas
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| What are avatars? | The incarnation of Hindu deities
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| The English word "Bible" comes from the Greek name of what ancient city? | Byblos
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| What was the significance of the Ka'aba? | Muhammad established it as the center of Muslim faith
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| Why did Justinian close the last surviving Platonic academy? | He considered it to be a pagan-based institution
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| How is the Koran (Qur'an) organized? | It is divided into 114 suras
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| What was Justinian's major architectural achievement ? | The rebuilding of the Church of Hagia Sophia
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| What is the encaustic method of painting? | Painting using hot colored wax
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| For what type of art is the Mausoleum of Galla Placidia famous? | Mosaics
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| What is the purpose of the minaret or minarets adjacent to the mosque? | To call the faithful to prayer
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| What was the goal of the Reconquista? | To drive the Muslims out of Spain
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| From 402 to 476, what city served as the western capital of the Roman Empire? | Ravenna
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| What was Augustine's concept of "human nature"? | It is fundamentally flawed
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| What event in 622 marks the beginning of the Islamic calendar? | Hegira
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| What was the importance of the Codex Sinaiticus discovered in Saint Catherine's monastery at Mount Sinai? | It was the earliest Greek translation of the new Testament
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| What event brought an influx of Greek scholars to the West? | The collapse of Constantinople of the Turks
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| What building in Jerusalem is one of the earliest and most spectacular achievements of Islamic architecture? | The Dome of the Rock
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| What was distinctive about the way Rumi recited his poetry? | He danced while reciting
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| Which Muslim scholar invented algebra and created modern numerical system? | Al-Khwarizmi
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| Which scholar was physician to the sultan of Baghdad? | Moses Maimonides
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| How does the shape of the Church of San Vitale in Ravenna differ from traditional basilica design? | It is octagonal
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| What name is given to the order of sequences of the various parts of a worship service? | Liturgy
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| Who is considered the founder of Islam? | Muhammad
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| What was the subject of the Summa Theologica? | The establishment of a connection between classical philosophy and Christian faith
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| What was the greatest work of fiction of the late middle ages? | The Divine Comedy
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| What were the two major characteristics of Gothic architecture? | Increased height and stained-glass windows
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| What is the importance of Theophilus in the history literary themes? | It introduces the Faustian theme
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| Which medieval cathedral is famous for its 173 stained glass windows? | Chartres
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| What is the oldest and most famous chanson de geste or chanson d'histoire? | The song of Roland
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| Who invented the system of musical notation that we use today? | Guido di Arezzo
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| Who was the author of the most famous "Rule" in western monasticism? | Saint Benedict of Nursia
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| What was the Divine Office? | Periods of worship
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| For what contribution is Abbot Suger most famous? | He introduced the major features which defined Gothic architecture
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| Why did Saint Francis of Assisi drop out of society and begin to lead a life of self-denial? | Because of his revelations when he was a prisoner of war
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| What type of chant became the predominant type of music in Roman Catholic churches during the early middle ages? | Gregorian Chant
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| Why did Bernard of Clairvaux object to the decoration of Romanesque churches? | It diverted worshipers from reading the bible
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| What was the functional purpose of the Gothic gargoyles? | As gutters
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| What were two characteristics of the architecture between 1000 and 1150? | Heavy stone arches and elaborate external sculpture
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| From c. 1150 to 1300, what city was the intellectual and cultural center of Western civilization? | Paris
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| What is an "illuminated" book? | A lavishly decorated book
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| How is Dante's Divine Comedy organized? | Into 100 cantos
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| Why can early medieval drama be described as "liturgical drama"? | It was based on religious themes
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| What was the most important relic in Charlemagne's chapel? | The cape of Saint Martin
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| How was the plague spread to Europe? | Via rats aboard trade ships
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| Who were the two most famous competitors in the 1401 competition for the decoration of the doors of the Florence Baptistery? | Brunelleschi and Ghiberti
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| Which two European countries were the main combatants in the Hundred Years' War? | France and England
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| Who was the greatest Florentine sculptor of the first half of the 1400s? | Donatello
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| Who was the most important Tuscan writer of the 1300s? | Petrarch
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| What is the narrative framework of Canterbury Tales? | A group on a pilgrimage
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| Who did author Giorgio Vasari consider to be the first of the great Florentine painters? | Giotto da Bondone
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| Who invented printing with movable type? | Johann Gutenburg
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| What is the meaning of the term "Renaissance"? | Rebirth
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| What is the message of The Song of Bacchus? | Enjoy the moment
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| What architect was responsible for the magnificent dome of Florence Cathedral? | Brunelleschi
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| Which city was the most important center of the early Italian Renaissance? | Florence
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| What were seen as the advantages of humanist education and learning? | It would perfect and ennoble man
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| What name is given to the style of late Gothic architecture in England? | Perpendicular
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| What musical qualities distinguished ars nova from the music of the previous era? | Rhythmic and melodic complexity
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| What was most revolutionary about Masaccio's painting? | Expressive force and realism
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| What was the primary source of the Medici's wealth? | Banking
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| Which artist is considered the genius of the Italian Renaissance? | Leonardo da Vinci
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