Head and Neck

Help!

Question

Answer

1) Tensor Tympani muscle

Attaches to the malleus

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2) The function of the tympanic membrane, ear ossicles, and oval window

The transmission and amplification of sound

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3) The greater petrosal nerve joins which other nerve to form the nerve of the pterygoid canal

Deep petrosal

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4) The facial nerve as it enters the internal acoustic meatus has what nerve components

GSA, SVA, GVE (DOES NOT HAVE GSE)

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5) Stenson’s Parotid Duct pierces what muscle to enter the oral cavity

Buccinator

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6) What are the actions of the Temporalis muscle

Elevation of the mandible and retraction of the mandible

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7) If a laceration of the maxillary artery at the neck of the mandibular condyle took place, what would be affected

Maxillary sinus, palate, temporalis muscle, nasal chamber. (NOT THE UPPER LIP)

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8) Which cranial nerves contain GSE components

(general somatic efferent) 3, 4, 6, 12

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9) Which cranial nerves contain GSA components

(general somatic afferent) 5**, 3, 4, 7, 9, 10, 11, 12

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10) Which cranial nerves contain SSA components

(special somatic afferent) 1, 2, 8

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11) Which cranial nerves contain SVA components

(special visceral components) 1, 7 (taste), 9 (taste) , 10

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12) Which cranial nerves contain GVA components

(General visceral afferent) IX, X

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13) Which cranial nerves contain GVE components

3 (ciliary ganglion), 7 (pterygopalatine and submandibular ganglions), 9 (otic ganglion), 10 (terminal ganglion)

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14) Which cranial nerves contain SVE components

(special visceral efferent) 5, 7, 9, 10, 11)

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15) What nerve innervates the platysma muscle

Cervical branch of the facial nerve

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16) What are branches of the facial nerve

Greater petrosal, Chorda Tympani, Zygomatic, Mandibular, Posterior Auricular, Temporal, Buccal, Cervical

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17) The spinal accessory nerve enters the cranial vault through which opening

Foramen Magnum

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18) What specific muscle attaches to the neck of the mandibular condyle

Inferior belly of the lateral pterygoid

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19) Muscles which are innervated by nerves with special visceral efferent components develop from

Branchial (pharyngeal arches)

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20) A patient presents with jaw pain and inability to close his mouth. You notice that his mouth is in an open position and the mandible is forward and deviated to the right. Which muscle is probably in spasm

Left lateral pterygoid

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21) All of the following areas consist of or are covered by fibrocartilage, except

The articular tubercle is not covered by fibrocartilage. The head of the mandibular condyle, the articular eminence, and the articular disk are.

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22) The opthalamic artery is a direct branch of

Internal carotid

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23) The only cranial nerve which arises from the posterior side of the brain stem

Trochlear

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24) The chordatympanic branch of the facial nerve leaves the skull through

Petrotympanic Fissure

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25) The Frontalis muscle and the Occipitalis muscle are attached to each other by

Gala Aponeurotica

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26) What structures might be affected by a small pituitary tumor in the sella turcica that involves structures in the optic canal

Opthalamic artery and Optic nerve

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27) Injury to the temporal branch of the facial nerve would most likely be accompanied by which of the following signs

Inability to blink

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28) Intense pain at the bridge of the nose caused by an acute case of herpes zoster probably involves which cutaneous branch of the opthalamic nerve

External nasal

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29) Preganglionic parasympathetic nerve fibers which supply the lacrimal gland are carried in which nerve

Greater Petrosal

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30) The facial nerve proper exits the base of the skull through which of the following foramen

Stylomastoid foramen

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31) A compound fracture of the right orbit could cause which muscle to get trapped when a patient tries to look downward

Inferior Rectus

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32) The sensory fibers which innervate the cornea are carried by which nerve branch

Nasociliary

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33) An aneurysm on one of the arteries at the base of the brain can compress the optic chiasm, producing visual defects. An aneurysm of which of artery could cause this affect

Anterior Cerebral or Anterior Communicating

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34) A potential complication of Mastoiditis (inflammation of the mastoid air cells) is facial nerve paralysis. A patient with this type of facial nerve lesion should still be able to perform what movement

Open eyelids (cannot close lips, frown, close eyelids, or smile)

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35) What opening is a communication between the infratemporal fossa and the pterygopalatine fossa

Pterygomaxillary fissure

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36) Which dural reflection supports the occipital lobe of the cerebral cortex

Tentorium cerebelli

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37) The insular lobe of the cerebral cortex is considered to be

The behavioral and emotional cortex

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38) The medial walls of the thalamus serve as the

Lateral walls of the 3rd ventricle

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39) The outer surface of the dura mater is specifically called

Periosteal dura

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40) Which structure separates the frontal lobe from the parietal lobe of the cerebral cortex

Central Sulcus

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41) The trigeminal nerve trunk arises from which region of brainstem

Pons

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42) What are some structures that exit the jugular foramen

Glossopharyngeal nerve, vagus nerve, spinal accessory nerve, internal jugular vein (NOT INTERNAL CAROTID)

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43) All of the following bones of the skull are part of the neurocranium, except

Maxilla (occipital, parietal, sphenoid, frontal ARE)

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44) All of the following structures pass through the superior orbital fissue, except

Opthalamic artery. (opthalamic branch of trigeminal, abducens, occulomotor, and opthalamic vein all DO)

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45) The foramen ovale, rotundum, and Spinosum are all found in which bone

Sphenoid

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46) An imaginary axis through the lateral and medial poles of the left and right mandibular condyles would intersect on which specific point on the skull

Basion

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47) How are the post-ganglionic sympathetic fibers for the head transported to their respective effector organs

On the branches of the carotid artery

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48) Parasympathetic postganglionic cells which innervate the intrinsic muscles of the eye are located in what specific ganglion

Ciliary

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49) What specific type of nerve components does the lingual nerve carry as it passes through the infratemporal fossa

GSA, SVA, GVE

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50) The vertebral arteries are direct branches of which arteries

Subclavian

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51) Upon entering the infratemporal fossa, the maxillary artery passes medial to what specific structure

The neck of the mandibular condyle

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52) Together, the left and right parietal bones and the occipital bone merge to form what specific suture

Lambdoid

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53) What structures pass through the foramen lacerum from above

Deep Petrosal/ Nerve of Pterygoid Canal

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54) What specific nerve branch innervates the posterior lateral surface of the tympanic membrane

Auricular branch of Vagus

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55) The maxillary branch of the trigeminal nerve passes anteriorly through which opening to enter into the pterygopalatine fossa

Foramen Rotundum

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56) Where does the nasolacrimal canal drain

Inferior Meatus

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57) What specific type of nerve components does the nasociliary nerve contain

GVE and GSA

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58) What muscle attaches to the external oblique line of the mandible

Buccinators

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59) What muscles have parasympathetic nervous system components

3, 7, 9, 10

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60) The body of the mandible is formed through what ossification process

Intramembranous

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61) What nerve components are associated with the cells found in the trigeminal ganglion

Sensory

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62) Which facial nerve branch receives taste sensation from the anterior two thirds of the tongue

Chordae Tympani

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63) What muscle does the parotid duct pierce

Buccinator

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64) What specific type of nerve components does the nasociliary nerve carry

GVE, GSA

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65) What is the insertion point for the inferior head of the lateral pterygoid muscle

Pterygoid Fovea

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66) The body of the sphenoid is formed through what ossification process

Endochondral

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67) The layer of CT which covers the muscles forming the floor of the posterior triangle of the neck is called the

Prevertebral Fascia

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68) What muscles contribute to the floor of the posterior triangle of the neck

Scalenus medius, levator scapulae, splenius capitis, scalenus posterior (NOT SCM)

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69) What are the boundaries of the carotid triangle

Posterior belly of the Digastric, SCM, Superior Belly of Omohyoid

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70) What is contained within the carotid sheath

Common carotid, internal carotid, vagus, internal jugular

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71) The facial vein ultimately drains into the

Internal jugular vein

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72) Which of the following nerves is NOT a branch of the cerival plexus

Nerve to Mylohyoid. (Transverse cervical, lesser occipital, descendens hypoglossi, and great auricular ARE).

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73) Which of the following arteries is NOT derived from the external carotid

Inferior Thyroid (Maxillary, Facial, Lingual, Superior Thyroid ARE)

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74) All of the following structures are found within the anterior triangle of the neck EXCEPT

Occipital Artery (Submandibular gland, hypoglossal nerve, cervical branch of the Facial Nerve, and Stylohyoid muscle ARE)

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75) All of the following are derivatives of the second branchial arch EXCEPT

Anterior Belly of Digastric. (Styloid process, stylohyoid ligament, lesser horns of hyoid, and stylohyoid ARE)

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76) The cricothyroid muscle is derived from which branchial arch

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77) Which of the following is NOT derived from a pharyngeal pouch

Thyroid Gland (superior parathyroid gland, inferior parathyroid gland, thymus gland, and palatine tonsil ARE)

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78) Conductive Deafness and hearing abnormalities often accompany first arch syndromes. Of the following structures, which is least likely to be affected in this patient

Stapes (incus, malleus, tympanic membrane and tensor tympani probably will)

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79) Secretomotor innervation to the sublingual gland comes from which cranial nerve

Facial

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80) The opthalamic artery is a branch of

Internal carotid

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81) The lacrimal gland receives its motor innervation from which cranial nerve

Facial

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82) The only masticatory muscle capable of retruding the mandible

Temporalis

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83) The muscle which is primarily responsible for abduction of the globe of the eye

Lateral Rectus

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84) What are the branches of the opthalamic division of the trigeminal nerve

Frontal, Lacrimal, Nasociliary

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85) All of the following are ganglion associated with facial nerve branches except

Otic. (pterygopalatine, submandibular, and geniculate ARE)

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86) If a laceration of the maxillary artery at the neck of the mandibular condyle took place, all of the following would be affected, except

Upper lip (maxillary sinus, palate, and temporalis WOULD)

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87) All of the following bones develop from only intramembranous ossification, except

Occipital (frontal, parietal, and zygoma DO)

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88) Which of the following bones contribute to the formation of the visercocranium

Maxilla, Mandible, and Nasal (Temporal does not)

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89) Which region of the cerebral cortical hemisphere is considered to be the primary motor cortex

Pre-central Gyrus

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90) Cerebrospinal fluid drains back into the systemic circulation through

Arachnoid Granulations (villi)

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91) All of the following are branches of the internal carotid artery, except

Posterior Cerebral Artery (middle cerebral artery, anterior cerebral artery, and opthalamic artery ARE)

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92) The mandible in the female skull is

Rounded anteriorly

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93) The superior orbital rim in a male skull is

Blunt and rounded

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94) Dental attrition is primarily used to determine the age of

Adults only

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95) Which facial nerve branch receives taste sensation from the anterior two thirds of the tongue

Chorda Tympani

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96) The tensor tympani muscle receives its motor innervation from which cranial nerve

Trigeminal

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97) The maxilla is formed by which type of ossification process

Intramembranous

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98) Which cranial nerves receive sensory information from the tympanic membrane

Facial

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99) What specific type of nerves innervate the dilator pupillae muscles of the iris of the eye

Postganglionic sympathetic

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100) In the neck, the phrenic nerve can be found on the anterior surface of which muscle

Thyrohyoid

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101) The coronoid process of the mandible in a female skull

Projects below the level of the mandibular condyle

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102) All of the following develop totally from intramembranous ossification except

Temporal. (maxilla, zygoma, and parietal do)

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103) All of the following are paired bones of the skull, except

Ethmoid (temporal, palatine, and lacrimal ARE)

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104) The zygoma articulates with all of the following except

Ethmoid (it DOES articulate with sphenoid, temporal, and maxilla)

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105) The chorda tympanic branch of the facial nerve leaves the middle ear through which opening

Petrotympanic Fissure

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106) The anterior and posterior ethmoidal foramen transport branches of which nerve

Nasociliary

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107) The maxillary branch of the trigeminal leaves the skull through which foramen

Foramen Rotundum

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108) The middle meningeal branch of the maxillary artery enters the skull through which foramen

Foramen Spinosum

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109) The opthalamic vein leaves the orbit through which opening

Superior orbital fissure

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110) Sympathetic post-ganglionic fibers innervate which orbital muscles

Levator palpebrae superioris and Dilator Pupillae

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111) Which of the following cranial nerves receive sensory information directly from the tympanic membrane

Trigeminal, facial and vagus (NOT vestibulochoclear)

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112) Which extraocular muscle abducts the globe of the eye

Lateral Rectus

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113) The motor innervation of the lacrimal gland is from which cranial nerve

Facial

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114) Sensory innervation from the chin is received from what specific nerve branch

Mental nerve

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115) The superficial temporal and facial arteries are branches of

External carotid

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116) What facial nerve branch would innervate the platysma muscle

Cervical

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117) The sensory ganglion of the facial nerve is known as

Geniculate ganglion

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118) The muscle which connects to the malleus is innervated by

Trigeminal

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119) What is the name of the specialized capillary beds which produce CSF

Choroid plexus

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120) Which sulcus separates the parietal and frontal lobes from the temporal lobe

Lateral Sulcus

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121) All of the post-ganglionic sympathetic cell bodies for the head are found in which ganglion

Superior Cervical Ganglion

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122) The process of endochondral ossification

Characterizes development of the basicranium

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123) All of the following statements regarding bone are true: Bone is an example of connective tissue, it is formed by osteoblasts, an osteocyte is a mature osteoblast, and bones grow both appositionally and interstitially.

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124) Which of the following bones is not found in the immediate vicinity of a pterion

Occipital (sphenoid, parietal, temporal, and frontal ARE)

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125) A blow to the side of the head can result in a fracture of this bone in the roof of the orbit: Frontal

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126) All of the following are openings in the sphenoid bone, except

Internal acoustic meatus. (foramen Spinosum, foramen ovale, superior orbital fissue, and optic canal ARE)

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127) Ptosis (drooping) of the upper eyelid indicates loss of function of which structure

Levator Palpebrae Superioris

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128) The pituitary fossa (sella turcica) lies just above the

Body of the sphenoid

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129) Postganglionic sympathetic nerves enter the cranium via the

Carotid Canal

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130) What is true of the female face and skull

Flat glabella, small buccal fat pad, small mastoid process, thin knife-like superior orbital rims

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131) People with brachicephalic head form

Wide set eyes

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132) The aleque nasi is a portion of which muscle

Levator labii superioris

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133) The sensory nerve branch which supplies the skin over the angle of the mandible is

Great auricular

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134) The temporomandibular joint is described as what type of joint

Ginglimo-arthroidial and amphiarthroidial

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135) The chorda tympanic branch of the facial nerve leaves the middle ear through the petrotympanic fissure to join which nerve

Lingual

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136) The anterior and posterior ethmoidal nerves are branches of which nerve

Nasociliary

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137) What specific nerve branch travels through the foramen rotundum

Maxillary

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138) The superior sagittal sinus most frequently drains into

Right transverse sinus

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139) The middle meningeal artery enters the skull through which opening

Foramen Spinosum

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140) What extraocular muscle moves the visual axis laterally

Lateral rectus

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141) The superficial temporal and facial arteries are branches of

External carotid artery

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142) Which facial nerve branch would innervate the depressor anguli oris muscle

Mandibular

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143) What dural structure separates the left from the right cerebral hemisphere

Falx Cerebri

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144) The primary sensory cortex is representated by which specific cerebrocortical gyrus

Postcentral Gyrus

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145) Which sulcus separates the parietal and frontal lobes from each other

Central Sulcus

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146) Which muscle of mastication has its origin from a surface of the lateral pterygoid plate and its insertion in the angle of the mandible

Medial pterygoid muscle

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147) Bones that occur along sutures in the skull are called

Wormian bones

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148) The palatine bones develop from what kind of bone formation

Endochondral

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149) What is the part of the skull that houses the eyes, respiratory passages, oral cavity, and facial skeleton

Viscerocranium

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150) All of the following cranial nerves innervate SUPRAhyoid muscles, except

Vagus (trigeminal, facial, and hypoglossal all do)

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151) Which of the following muscles is NOT innervated by the ansa cervicalis

Sternocleidomastoid (thyrohyoid, omohyoid, sternohyoid, and sternothyroid all are)

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152) Most of the lymphatic drainage of the face and oral cavity drain through which of lymph node

Submandibular

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153) In the deep neck, the vertebral artery may be found in all of the following locations, except

Transverse foramen of C7 (can be found deep to the anterior scalene muscle, transverse foramen of C1, and in the suboccipital triangle)

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154) The nasopalatine nerve enters the oral cavity through which opening

Incisive foramen

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155) Paralysis of the vocal cords may result from injury to which nerve

Recurrent Laryngeal

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156) The common carotid artery divides into its internal and external branches at the level of the

Thyroid cartilage

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157) Which of the following muscles is not derived from a pharyngeal arch

Hyoglossus (tensor tympani, stylohyoid, geniohyoid, posterior cricoarytenoid all are)

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158) The stylopharyngeus muscle is derived from which branchial arch

3rd

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159) Which craniovertebral ligament is primarily responsible for holding the Odontoid process of the axis against the anterior arch of the atlas

Transverse portion of the cruciate ligament

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160) The Vagus nerve innervated which of the following

Musculature of the larynx and the palatoglossus muscle (NOT the submandibular or parotid glands)

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161) Where in the neck does the phrenic nerve lie

Anterior Scalene

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162) Foreign bodies may lodge in the depression between the root of the tongue and the epiglottis. This depression is called

Vallecula

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163) The cell bodies of the GVA neurons carrying information from the carotid body receptors are located

Inferior ganglion of glossopharyngeal nerve

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164) The palatine tonsil lies between mucosal folds covering over which pairs of muscles

Palatoglossus and Palatopharyngeus

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165) What is the anterior boundary of the retropharyngeal space

Visceral layer of deep cervical fascia

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166) What nerve innervates the stylopharyngeus muscle

Glossopharyngeal

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167) What nerve provides general sensation to the mucous membrane of the laryngeal vestibule

Superior Laryngeal

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168) What muscle of the palate is innervated by the trigeminal nerve

Tensor palatine

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169) Cutaneous sensation over the angle of the mandible is supplied by which nerve

Great auricular

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170) What muscles receive motor innervation from the Hypoglossal nerve

Genioglossus, hyoglossus, and styloglossus. (NOT palatoglossus)

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171) The relationship of the submandibular duct to the lingual nerve as it courses from posterior to anterior is

Posteriorly it is inferior and medial, anteriorly it is superior and lateral

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172) Upon entering the floor of the mouth, the lingual artery

Courses medial to the hyoglossus muscle and superior to the mylohyoid muscle

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173) Mucosal glands of the palate receive secretomotor innervation via post-ganglion fibers of the facial nerve that synapse in which ganglion

Pterygopalatine

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174) What is true of filliform papilla

They have no tastebuds

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175) The tensor palatine muscle

Is innervated by the mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve

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176) The greater petrosal nerve joins which other nerve to form the nerve of the pterygoid canal

Deep petrosal

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177) The submandibular ganglion

Contains postganglionic cells of the facial nerve

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178) What specific nerve components are carried in the lingual nerve as it passes forward from the submandibular ganglion

GSA, GVE, SVA

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179) What structure could be damaged resulting in disruption of the nasopalatine nerve

Bony nasal septum

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180) The tympanic canaliculus transmits fibers for what specific nerve branch

Lesser petrosal branch of IX

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181) The superior constrictor muscle interconnects with the buccinators muscle at the

Pterygomandibular Raphe

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182) In adults, the opening of the thryoglossal duct at the tongue is called

Foramen cecum

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183) Taste buds in the palate are most sensitive to

Bitter

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184) Which branchial arch is the most susceptible to defective development

1st

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185) The posterior 1/3 of the tongue is associated with which branchial arches

3rd

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186) Postganglionic parasympathetic neurons of the glossopharyngeal nerve can be found in which ganglion

Otic

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187) What muscle takes its insertion from the torus tubarus

Salpingopharyngeus

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188) What structures are found between the anterior and middle scalene muscles

Rami and trunks of brachial plexus

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189) The center soft palate is formed primarily by which muscle

Uvula

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190) What muscle is responsible for abducting the vocal cords

Posterior Cricoarytenoid

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191) Name muscles innervated by the posterior ramus of the C1 spinal nerve. Rectus Capititus Posterior Major and Minor, Obliqus Capititus Superior and Inferior

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192) Which laryngeal membrane lies below the true vocal folds

Cricothryoid

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193) The inferior thyroid artery is an immediate branch of which vessel

Thyrocervical trunk

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194) The tensor palatine muscle wraps around what specific bony process as it attaches to the soft palate

Hamulus

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195) The glossopharyngeal nerve passes between what two muscles to reach the posterior third of the tongue

Superior and Middle Pharyngeal Constrictors

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196) The secondary palate is formed by the midline fusion os what part of the maxillary prominence

Medial Nasal Processes

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