The skeletal system
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| What is the function of the bones | support,protection, movment, storage, and making blood cells frmation
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| what is the four bones according to shap and give an example of each | compact bone- dense and look smoth and homogeneous.
spongy bone- composed of small needlike pieces of bones and lots of openspace
long bone- typocally longer than they are wid.
short bones-generally cubes,haped and contain mostly spongy bone ex,patel
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| What is the purpose of sunuses | lighten the skull and gives a amplitlation to the voice.
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| bones of the shoulder girdle | clavicle and the scapula
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| how do bones repare them self? | 1.hematoma 2.Fibrocartilage 3. bone callus fromation 4, Bone remodeling
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| common types of fractures | comminuted, compression, depressed, impacted, spiral, and greenstick
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| comminuted | bone bracks in to many fragments
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| compression | bones is crushed
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| depressed | broken bone is pressed inward
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| impacted | broken bone ends are forced into each other
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| spiral | ragged brack occure when axcessive twisting forces are applied to the bone
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| greenstick | bone bracks incompletely much in the way a green twig breaks
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| Azial skeleton | incluades the following bones
skull, ribe cage, vertebal colum
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| Appendicular skeleton | shoulder goird, arems, lages and hands
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| What are sinuses? | mucosa-lined air- filled cavites in the bone.
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| What purpose do they serve in the skull? | They lighten the skull serve as resonace chambers for speech
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| Why are they so susceptible to infection? | their mucosa is continous with that of nasal passage into which they drain.
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| the structure that encloses the nerve cord? | Vertebral arch
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| weight-bearing part of the vertebra? | body
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| provid(s) levers for the muscles to pull against? | spinous process
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| provid(s) an articlation point for the ribs? | Transverse process
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| opening allowing spinal nerves to pass? | body/ transverse process
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| The type of vertebra(e) containg foramina in the transvers process, through which the vertebral arteries ascend to reach the brain. | Atlas or axis
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| its dens provides a pivot for rotation of the frist cervical vertebra | Axis
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| transverse process have facets for articulation with ribs; spinous process point sharply downwards | Thoracic vertebra
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| composite bone; articulates with the hip bone laterally | sacrum
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| massive vertebrea; weight-sustaining | lumbar vertebra
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| tailbone; vestiga; fused vertebrae | coccyx
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| supports the head; allows the rocking motion of the occipital condyles | atlas
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| seven components; unfused | atlas,axis or cervical vrtebra
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| twelve compoents; unfused | throracic vertebra
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| Bone is brocken cleanly; the ends do not penetrate the skin | simple fracture
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| nonsurgical realignment of broken bone ends and splinting of bone | closed reduction
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| a brack common in children; bone splinters, but brack is incomplete | greenstick fracture
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| A fracture in which the bone is crushed; common in the vertbral column | compression fracture
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| a fracture in which the bone ends penetrate through the skin surface | compound fracture
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| surgical realignment of brocken bone ends | open reduction
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| a resilt of twisting forces | spiral fracture
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